認為義所當然 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [rènwéiyìsuǒdāngrán]
認為義所當然 英文
justificatio
  • 認 : 動詞1 （認識; 分辨） recognize; know; make out; identify 2 （建立關系） enter into a certain rela...
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 當 : 當Ⅰ形容詞（相稱） equal Ⅱ動詞1 （擔任; 充當） work as; serve as; be 2 （承當; 承受） bear; accept...
  • 然 : Ⅰ形容詞（對; 不錯） right; correct Ⅱ代詞（如此; 這樣; 那樣） so; like that Ⅲ連詞[書面語] （然而）...
  • 認為 : think; consider; hold; deem; take for; regard as; look upon as; take sb [sth ] as; be known as; s...
  1. Through the experimental research, we think : the technological capacity of fiberglass asphalt macadam if weaker than asphalt macadam, however, if use elasticized capacity to solve blending technological problem. adjust the breed of fiber silk, extend its diameter, its paving capacity is still worth exploring, asphalt - rubber macadam structure lager have good deformed - become capacity and crazed - resistance capacity, small gap rate. good water - resistance capacity, good hot - stability and simple construction technology. therefore. pitch rubber spall is a good cover material which is suitable for the second class or lower whose asphalt pavement has split open because of fatigue. and is the good structural measure of preventing half - rigidity grass - roots unit shrink - rift reflecting. pave a thin layer of pitch rubber spall between asphalt - type pavement layer and half - rigidity basic level, although the cost of building is higher than paving togongbu in the middle, the construction technology, crazing - resistance and water - resistance are better than togongbu, not only could reduce greatly the reflex of half - rigidity grass - roots unit material, long then the use lifespan of pavement, but also it is possible to reduce suitably the thickness of asphalt mixture layer, though the cast of building in the early days becomes more, in the long - term opinion, it have fully important technological and economical significance

    通過試驗研究認為：玻璃纖維瀝青碎石的技術性能不如瀝青碎石好，但路用彈性性能較好，如能解決拌和工藝問題，調整纖維絲的品種，增大其直徑，其路用性能仍值得探討，瀝青橡膠碎石結構層具有變形性能和抗裂性能良好，空隙率小，防水性能好，熱穩定性較好，施工工藝簡單的特點，因此，瀝青橡膠碎石是二級及二級以下公路因疲勞而開裂的瀝青路面的良好罩面材料，也是防止半剛性基層收縮裂縫反射的良好結構措施，在瀝青類路面面層和半剛性基層之間夾鋪瀝青橡膠碎石薄層，雖然造價比夾鋪土工布高，但其施工工藝，抗裂性能和防水性能均優于土工布，不僅可以大大減少半剛性基層材料的反射裂縫，延長路面使用壽命，而且可能適當減薄瀝青混合料面層的厚度，雖然初期造價有所增加，從長遠來看，具有十分重要的技術和經濟意義。
  2. Firstly, due to the limitation of acquaintanceship the peasats mutual enthusiasm was wrongly regarded as their socialist enthusiasm, which resulted in the equalitarian distribution and impinged the middle peasants " interests ; secondly, the mistake of " left " was inevitable because the " left " policy was carried through from the top to the lower by executive orders, although the prorincial committee of hunan attempted to resist the mistake of " left " ; thirdly, according to the policy of " uniting middle peasants ", the middle peasants were only the objects of unibus so they might be regarded as friends or enemies as well and they could be united or perished as well

    究其原因，主要是三個方面，第一，由於當時認識水平所限，把農民的互助積極性當作社會主義積極性，實行平均主義，這樣必然會侵犯、損害中農利益。第二，雖然湖南省委對「左」的錯誤努力堅持加以糾正，但「左」的錯誤用行政命令方式自上而下，無法避免。第三， 「團結中農」在實踐中把中農作看統一戰線對象，則既可做朋友，也可成敵人，也即既可做團結對象，也可成為打擊目標。
  3. While building school educating moral system, we should deeply learn the prime of chinese traditional morality, and further excavate the greatest education resources which has been hidden in it, such as keeping behavior, goading oneself, filial piety, understanding morality, sincerity and credit, etiquette and compromise, pursuing public affairs, charity etc. they are all the quintessence of traditional morality. so up till now all these things are worth emphasizing and carrying forward. we should take the good opportunity of the ex - actuating between succeeding and creating, combine the times spirit, properly adjust and extend chinese traditional morality, increasingly arouse the teenagers " nationality confidence and sense of pride, and strengthen their love of country and the aspiration to reward their own country

    文章認為今天的中國是歷史的中國的一個發展，建設學校教育的道德體系，應深刻認識中華傳統道德精華，深入挖掘中華傳統美德所蘊藏的巨大教育資源，如傳統道德中的持節、自強、孝悌、明禮、誠信、禮讓、奉公、仁愛等都是傳統道德中的精華，其在今日，仍然值得我們去重視、去弘揚，主張以「傳承」與「創新」互動為契機，融入時代精神，對傳統美德加以適當的調整和拓展，進一步激發青少年的民族自信心和自豪感，強化青少年的愛國之心和報國之志，使傳統美德真正體現其作為學生道德思維活動的理想價值和實踐意義。
  4. 1. the germination and the appearance about doctrine of jinxu before the han dynasty : by analyzing " shang shu ", " book of change " and any other important historical literature and traditional cultural ancient book as well as the confucian thought in early days, we find that the tolerance and expiation

    最後，筆者得出結論，認為我國古代法制的矜恤主義特質是多重因素綜合作用的結果，是由中國獨特的傳統文化所決定的，其影響在我們當今時代也依然存在。
  5. They believe that the damages should be borne by the party concerned who has the capability of cost dissipation, and, with the enterprise who creates danger adding the losses it undertakes to the cost of its product, be finally dissipated to thousands and thousands pf consumers who buy the product, reaching the goal of allocation of losses in cost. the liability for damages should be assumed by the party who is capable of performing the duty of awareness and avoiding the accident. the victim normally has not such capability while the danger creator does have the capability to prevent the damage occurring

    認為損害應由具有成本分散能力的一方當事人承擔，通過製造危險的企業將其商品的成本中加入其所承擔的損失，而分散給購買其商品的千千萬萬個消費者而達到成本分攤損失的目的；損害責任應由有能力採取注意義務；避免意外事故發生的當事人負責，受害人一般無此能力，相反危險的製造者則有能力避免損害發生；基於公平的觀念，製造危險者往往從危險活動中受益，由其承擔損失是正義的要求；危險責任的成立，也是訴訟上證據保全的要求，即從事異常危險沼動所導致的損害事件，例如炸藥爆炸、大量汽油爆炸以及飛機失事等、意外事故，查常破壞這些事件過程中的證據，使證據滅失，而由原告證，明被告過失顯然不能，因此對被告的高度危險性活動所生損害應負嚴格責任。
  6. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  7. We can readily understand that being the conception of the war that presented itself to contemporaries. we can understand napoleons supposing the cause of the war to be the intrigues of england as he said, indeed, in st. helena ; we can understand how to the members of the english house of commons the cause of the war seemed to be napoleons ambition ; how to the duke of oldenburg the war seemed due to the outrage done him ; how to the trading class the war seemed due to the continental system that was ruining europe ; to the old soldiers and generals the chief reason for it seemed their need of active service ; to the regiments of the period, the necessity of re - establishing

    顯然，對那個時代的人來說，就是這樣看待此事的當然，拿破崙認為，英國的陰謀是戰爭的原因他在神聖的聖勒拿島上，就這樣說過英國議院的議員們認為，戰爭的原因是拿破崙的野心奧爾登堡公爵認為對他的暴行是戰爭的原因商人們認為，使歐洲毀滅的大陸體系是發生戰爭的原因對老兵和將軍們來說，使他有事可做是戰爭的主要原因那時的正統主義者認為， les bons principes必須恢復而對當時的外交官來說，其所以產生這一切，是因為一八九年的俄羅斯和奧地利同盟未能十分巧妙地瞞過拿破崙， 178號備忘錄的措詞拙劣。
  8. With the essence of difference and multiplex, postmodernism becomes the origin and basis of multiculturalism

    以多元和差異為精髓的后現代主義思想理所當然地成為多元文化的認識論淵源和基本價值基礎。
  9. Especially in the modern society, the external and internal environment of business has become more complicated. under this circumstance, some multinational companies such as enron and world com bankrupted because of problems in business operation and finance. and it is important to set up and perfect company management structure. therefore, it is significant to find some efficient measures to develop the function of internal auditing

    特別是在世界經濟趨向一體化、企業所面臨的內外環境日益復雜、安然、世界通訊等一大批跨國公司因經營問題、財務問題相繼破產、倒閉的當今社會，建立和完善公司的治理結構、建立、健全公司的現代企業制度的呼聲再次高漲，此時，認真審視和深入研究作為現代企業制度與公司治理結構重要組成部分的內部審計的功能發展軌跡，尋求充分發揮我國內部審計功能的合理對策，有著極其重要的現實意義與理論意義。
  10. At the same time, a decision is made that america paradigm and soviet union paradigm should n ' t be looked upon as the guideline of china ' s economic paradigm and that in idea paradigm marxian economics has common ground with institutional economics and a set of socialism economics theory in rule paradigm and practice paradigm should be formed on the basis of idea paradigm afforded by marxian economics and by inheriting and reconstructing marxian economics in accordance with institutional economics, because we know that marxian economics is more abundant in connotation than institutional economics and the logic space afforded by its idea paradigm is great although it is impossible to specifically guide china ' s economy hi transitional period for the limitation of its historical background

    而分析馬克思主義政治經濟學的觀念範式不難發現其與制度經濟學的通約性，二者在研究框架和內容（外涵與外延）的比較進一步說明這一點，然而馬克思主義政治經濟學所包含內涵卻比制度經濟學豐富許多，由於馬克思主義政治經濟學受所產生的時代的限制，不可能對社會主義轉型時期經濟理論予以具體指導，而其觀念範式所提供的邏輯空間卻是巨大的。所以，筆者認為，在重建中國經濟學範式的過程中，除了應當以馬克思經濟學的觀念範式為基礎外，還應結合西方經濟學範式理論，即以「馬學為體，西學為用」 ，做到對馬克思經濟學的傳承創新，對西方經濟學範式的超越，在規則範式和操作範式上完成社會主義經濟理論的建構。
  11. The dance and body move in the ad made her into an icon for koreans. after continuing her tv and modelling career, jeon made her first well - publicized film appearance in late 2000 with il mare. a handsomely - shot melodrama set on kanghwa island, the film did respectably well at the box office and solidified her status as a star

    韓國男士向來較大男人韓國姐妹們是否特別喜歡看此片認為她替她們出了口氣她說」我也想過這個問題現在韓國仍然有點大男人主義所以當我拍這部電影時也想過韓國女觀眾可能會因這部電影而感到痛快所以我也很開心。 」
  12. " the more, on the level of meaning, conduct is taken for granted, the more possible alternatives to the institutional ' programs ' will recede, and the more predictable and controlled conduct will be

    在意義層次上，行為越被認為理所當然，制度的設計就越不可能被替代，而行為就越可預測和越被控制。
  13. The national contradiction may still be the excuse of " new interventionist ! ) " for international interference in the new century. as a result, the world people, including chinese people, should keep alert to it

    筆者認為，在全球化加速發展的新世紀，第三次世界民族主義浪潮對國際關系所引起的震動雖然比20世紀90年代有所減弱，但仍是當今世界動蕩不安
  14. Nevertheless, this time around, gathering the facts together and surveying the situation dispassionately ( and admittedly, after discussion with fans way more intelligently level - headed than myself ), i think an optimistic reading of recent events is not only possible, it ' s a duty

    然而這次，整理好事實材料，冷靜地分析形勢（當然必須承認，我還跟很多比我腦袋聰明得多的球迷進行了探討） ，我認為，對近些天來所發生事情用一種樂觀的態度來看不僅是可能的，更是我們的義務。
  15. Joh tiernan has spent five years trouble - shooting as an interim manager, hired on short - term assignments by a variety of companies to sort out their problems. he has no desire to return to the certainties of permanent position, because now, whichever company he is working for, he is perpetually involuved in a meaningful task that critical to the business at that time. though he admits that sorting out the aftermath of other people ' s misjudgments can be frustrating. at first he found the gaps between jobs traumatic, but now he has got used to them, so when a job ends he simply books a holiday

    約翰.提那已經在臨時經理人這個領域幹了五年，許多不同類型的公司雇這樣的臨時經理人去解決短期的任務.約翰.提那現在沒有回到一個固定職位的想法，因為現在不管為哪個公司工作，他總是負責一個很有意義的任務，這個任務在那個時候對企業有決定性意義.雖然他承認去解決由別人的錯誤造成的後果是很令人沮喪的事.起先他發現各個工作之間的裂痕痛苦而難忘，但是現在他已經習慣了，所以當一個工作結束的時候他一般會預計去旅行
  16. Mr tiernan is part of a relatively small pool of managers used by agency bie. whereas most suppliers of interim managers have large databases, which they tap into in order to match a manager ' s qualifications and experience with a client company ' s requirements, bit tries to develp a good understanding of its managers ' personalities and of how they are likely to fit into a company through interviews and from feedback on their previous assignments. he is very happy with the way the agency treats him, though he admits that he has no idea how this compares with other agenies. one advantage he finds of being one of a small number of managers is that they can get to know each other well, through the agency ' s social and professional development activities

    約翰.提那已經在臨時經理人這個領域幹了五年，許多不同類型的公司雇這樣的臨時經理人去解決短期的任務.約翰.提那現在沒有回到一個固定職位的想法，因為現在不管為哪個公司工作，他總是負責一個很有意義的任務，這個任務在那個時候對企業有決定性意義.雖然他承認去解決由別人的錯誤造成的後果是很令人沮喪的事.起先他發現各個工作之間的裂痕痛苦而難忘，但是現在他已經習慣了，所以當一個工作結束的時候他一般會預計去旅行
  17. The second part is about the theoretical base of the system of the shareholders " derivative action. the article discusses it from the substantive and procedural views. the reason that law grants shareholders the right of proceeding against directors and officers lies that shareholders are the very investors of the corporation and are closely related to the corporation, and that according to the theories of lawsuit trust and party ' s theory of broad sense the indirect party interested can also become party of litigation. the author considers that it is better to express that function of company law lies in protecting interst of minority shareholders and strengthen corporate governce. according to the fact that the shareholder ' s derivative action system consists of substansial rules and procedural rules, it analyzes faction of the system from above two aspects and points out that function of the system is not to solve conflicts among people but is to restrict or encourage the right of shareholder ' s derivative action

    法律之所以賦予股東以提起派生訴訟的權利，一方面在於股東是公司的出資人，與公司的利益息息相關，另一方面根據訴訟信託理論及廣義當事人理論，訴訟標的權利義務主體以外的非直接利害關系人也可以作為訴訟當事人，因而，股東派生訴訟中股東的訴權源於程序法的直接規定。股東派生訴訟的功能可以從不同的角度表示，我們當然可以認為其有事後救濟，事前抑制的功能，但是，筆者認為將其功能表述為保護中小股東權益及強化公司治理結構則更能反映其特性。而且根據派生訴訟制度由實體和程序兩部分構成的事實，筆者分別從兩方面分析了派生訴訟的功能，並指出股東派生訴訟的程序規則不同於一般的民事訴訟程序，其功能不在於解決當事人之間的實體糾紛，而在於約束、限制或鼓勵股東的派生訴訟提起權。
  18. However, whether or not a country will resort to multilateral diplomacy, and the specific way it uses this instrument, would be influenced by such factors as the international environment and the country ' s perceptions. as a permanent member of the un security council, to participate in multilateral diplomacy at the level of the united nations is one of the important aspects of france ' s overall diplomacy. its diplomatic activities explicitly showed that the use of the multilateral instrument is subject to the need to protect the country ' s national interests, which never changed during the two periods of france ' s history

    在勾勒法國的聯合國外交概貌的基礎上，從單元的層次上說明在當今多邊主義的框架中，主權國家作為多邊行為最為重要的載體，其性質並未發生根本變化，國家利益因素對于處于多邊主義制度環境中的主權國家依然具有極其重要的意義，多邊外交工具的選取仍然是以國家利益為出發點，是實現國家利益的政策工具；只是在這種多邊多重博弈中，多種影響因素包括國際環境和國家認知導致各國為追求合法利益，在多邊外交工具的選擇上以及具體的行為方式上會有所變化。
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