起拱度 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [qǐgǒngdù]
起拱度
英文
rise of span-
He stood at the boardroom table casually, shoulders slightly hunched as usual.
他態度隨便地站在董事會議桌旁，象平時一樣雙肩微微拱起。This tongue causes the flat autochthonous beds below to appear arched upward because of velocity pull-up.
就是這個巖舌造成它下面的原生地層由於速度的急增而向上拱起。Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account
依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。2 ) from the angle of constructing course, steeve - arch supporting structure requires low - capacity cranes to erect, and simple constructing methods easy to meet. the time spending on construction is short. the usual arch supporting structure requires high - capacity cranes to erect, and complicate constructing methods hard to meet
2 ）從施工角度看，吊桿式拱架支承結構對吊車的起吊能力要求低，工藝簡單，施工方便，工期短；豎桿式拱架支承結構起頂重量大，對吊車的起吊能力要求高，施工難度大。Gongbei customs started installing gps for small - scale boats navigating between zhuhai, hong kong and macau in order to improve the efficiency of customs checking
從6月1日起，拱北海關對往來港澳的小型船舶全面安裝gps系統，以加快貨物通關速度，提高稽查走私的效率。On the contents of two sides abovementined, this paper attempts to do some initial researches from three angles as follows : 1, the analyses of anti - seismic features on longitudinal direction of the aqueduct l ) the seismic longitudinal effects are small. the vibrant characters are decided from the structure integration and rigidness of piers and main arch - ring of the aqueduct, so the following measures should be taken in order to weaken and isolate seismic influence : properly broadening the section sizes and adopting the high class concrete, lowering the height and barycenter of building, setting hoop steel bars so as to increase the plasticity of the concrete which can absorb the seismic energy and prevent the damages due to stress centralization on the linkages and changing place
本文試圖就上述的這兩大方面的內容，從以下三個角度進行了初步研究： 1 、縱槽向抗震性能分析1 ）湯峪河吊桿拱支承結構的縱槽向地震效應較小；吊桿式拱架結構動力特性取決于槽墩和主拱圈的剛度，以及結構的整體性，故適當加大構件截面尺寸或提高砼標號，盡量降低結構的建築高度和重心，在構件連接和變截面處增設梗脅，按照約束混凝土的要求來加強箍筋的配置，增加砼的延性，以克服地震時構件連接和變截面處的應力集中造成的坡壞，並吸收大量的地震能量，從而起到隔震，減震的效果。Combined with the real example of monitoring pressure on the supporting system in the long span underground space of dk7 + 692 section at jiao - xin line of chongqing light railway, it is set forth the methods about choosing the support system and its parameter, digging methods of underground space, measuring and testing methods for the stress of the support system ; the testing results and variation pattern were analyzed for the stress of the initial supporting i - steel axial stress of bolt, stress of shot - concrete, supporting pressure of temporary i - steel and stress of steel of the second lining, then, the reason for deformation of the support system induced by sharp increase of i - steel was determined
摘要結合重慶市輕軌較新線大坪車站大跨度地下空間dk7 + 692斷面施工支護體應力監測的工程實例，闡述了該大跨度地下空間支護結構的參數選擇、地下空間的開挖方法、支護體結構的應力量測方法及測試手段；分析了支護體初期支護工字鋼拱應力、錨桿軸力、噴射混凝土內應力、臨時工字鋼支撐應力、二次襯砌鋼筋應力等測試結果和變化規律；確定了工字鋼拱應力急劇增大而可能引起支護體系失穩的原因。Controlling the camber of main girder for the overhead travelling crane use for deadweight method
採用自重法控制橋式起重機主梁的上拱度The time is longer, the measurement of the springing quantum of the pc beams due to concrete creep is bigger
起拱度因受混凝土徐變的影響隨時問的增長而增大。( 3 ) the deflection upwards of simple supported beam is calculated by the means of unites elastic and plastic analysis into finite - element theory
（ 3 ）利用混凝土的彈性徐變計算理論對預應力混凝土簡支t梁的起拱度進行了編程計算。The deflection upwards of prestressed concrete beam can be predicted much accurately than before and mastered effectively through the massive work of this paper
通過本文的大量工作證明，預應力混凝土橋梁的起拱度是可以較精確地預估並進行有效控制的。( 2 ) deflection upwards is programmed and estimated precisely on the concise calculation model. ( 3 ) effective methods in design and construction are provided to control over - deformation
（ 2 ）利用簡潔有效的計算模型較精確地預估了預應力混凝土t梁的起拱度，並編制了相應的計算程序。Aesthetic appearance is one of the most important criteria used by consumers in judging clothing wear performance. bagging is a kind of three - dimensional residual deformation that deteriorates garment appearance during wear and caused dissatisfaction. to understand the psychophysical mechanisms of fabric bagging perception, a method of subjectively evaluating this behavior is developed by using a series of photographs taken from bagged fabric samples. both ranking and rating scales are used as the psychological scales. the two scales are highly correlated with each other, but the rating scale provides more information than the ranking scales and can indicate perceived differences between fabrics. a linear relationship between subjective perceptions and measured residual bagging height shows that perception of fabric bagging follows stevens ? power law. residual bagging height contributes up to 94 % of the total variance in the perception of fabric bagging. the rest of the variation may be attributed to anistropic behavior during the bagging process
美觀是消費者日常服裝穿著功能中最重要的指標之一.起拱是一種外衣穿著中引起變化，令人不滿的三維殘余變形.一種主觀評價方法是從一系列起拱織物的照片來理解心理物理學規律，採用優劣排序等級和優劣評判等級兩種方法用於心理評價標度.這兩種等級互相間緊密相關，但評判等級比排序等級包含更多的信息，可以更好地區分出兩種織物間的差異.主觀評價結果與測量得到的殘余起拱高度之間線性相關，表明了織物起拱特性符合斯特藩指數定律.殘余起拱高度對織物起拱特性總方差的貢獻在94 %以上.其它可能是起拱時各向異性因素引起的According to the geometrical characteristic of the arch dam shape, and based on the parameter design language of ansys software ( apdl ), the subp method and the stochastic search method are adopted together to optimize design of hyperbolic arch dam with variable thicknesses of the circle
摘要根據拱壩體形的幾何特徵，基於ansys軟體的參數化設計語言（ apdl ） ，將零階近似方法和隨機搜索法結合起來對單圓心變厚度雙曲拱壩進行了優化設計。The contents include : based on the previous research and the data of experimentations, the author researches and develops a kind of satisfactory semi - empirical formula of nonlinear temperature distribution, and calculates the temperature stress of rigid - framed arch bridge by the fem. the temperature effects of bridge structure by annual and sunlight temperature difference are discussed, it indicates that the temperature effect of annual temperature difference is small but the temperature effect of sunlight temperature difference is great and the temperature stress along beam depth resulted from sunlight temperature difference is nonlinear. with the comparison between the temperature effects of different position of bridge, the results show that where the section of bridge is small, the temperature stress of it is large
本文主要包括以下內容：從理論上研究並結合實測資料發展了一種比較理想的半經驗溫度場非線性分佈公式，並將有限元方法應用於剛架拱橋結構溫度應力的計算中，對橋梁結構進行整體溫度應力分析；討論了年溫差和日照溫差引起的橋梁結構的溫度效應，表明年溫差引起的溫度效應較小，而日照溫差引起的溫度應力較大且沿梁高呈非線性分佈；分析比較了橋梁結構各個部位的溫度效應的大小，可知截面越小溫度拉應力越大，受力越不利；並對箱梁結構由於構造不同引起的縱向與橫向的溫度效應大小進行了探討，發現在頂板下緣也會出現相當大的溫度拉應力，並且梗腋的存在反而增加了頂板底部的溫度拉應力；還對幾種相近的剛構式橋型的溫度效應進行了分析對比，總結了這些橋型針對溫度效應的優劣，並提出相應的針對性措施。But the excess the springing quantum of the pc beam due to continued evolution of concrete creep, which influenced the normal performance of structure, has been an important question puzzling the engineering technicians all the while
但是混凝土徐變的不斷發展帶來過度的起拱，影響結構的正常使用，一直是困擾工程技術人員的重要問題。( 4 ) by this programme the deflection upwards of several bridges on the wuhan outer circumferential highway are calculated, through which to find out the main effective factor
（ 4 ）利用電算程序對武漢外環高速公路上的多座預應力混凝土t梁進行計算，從中找出影響預應力混凝土橋梁起拱度的主要因素。Regard background as practical construction project, with abroad and rational analysis, the major work is described as follows : ( 1 ) influencing factors of deflection upwards in prestressed concrete beam is analyzed in detail
本文通過結合實際的工程項目，收集了大量的數據資料，主要進行了以下幾項工作： （ 1 ）較細致地分析了影響預應力混凝土橋梁起拱度的各項因素。Therefore, the precise estimate for deflection upwards of prestressed concrete bridge, from which searching for the reasonable design and construction method, is very important for practical projects. the theme of this paper is to solve the problem about how to determine the deflection upwards precisely and to seek the control methods of over - deformation
因此，對預應力混凝土橋梁的起拱度進行較精確的預估，利用計算的起拱值來尋求更為合理的設計和施工控制方法，從而對工程實踐具有較強的指導意義。This machine has great feeding ability, easy to be regulated, can be fed with fixed quantity under control of time delay relay ; it is divided into one - way feeding and bidirectional feeding in terms of feeding direction, suspending type and seating type in terms of installation ; in order to assure precision of feeding, roller encapsulation is equipped to increase frictional coefficient between adhesive belt and rollers ; the rectangle discharging mouth has large dimension which can prevent humping up materials ; this machine has close structure, reliable application and can be easily repaired because it has many similar parts with belt type conveyor
該機給料能力大，調節給料量方便，又可在時間繼電器的控制下定量給料按給料方向該機可分為單項給料和雙向給料，按安裝方式又分為吊掛式和座式為了保證給料的精度，主動滾筒包膠，以增加膠帶與主動滾筒的摩擦系數料倉矩形卸料口的尺寸大，物料不易起拱該機結構緊湊，使用可靠，它與帶式輸送機有許多通用部件，故維修方便。分享友人