違例事件 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wéilìshìjiàn]
違例事件 英文
relevant contravention
  • 違 : 動詞1. （不遵照; 不依從） disobey; defy; violate 2. （離別） part; leave; be separated
  • 事 : 名1 （事情） matter; affair thing; business 2 （事故） trouble; accident 3 （職業;工作） job; wor...
  • 件 : Ⅰ量詞（用於個體事物） piece; article; item Ⅱ名詞1. （指可以一一計算的事物） 2. （文件） letter; correspondence; paper; document
  • 違例 : [體育] breach of rules; violate the regulations
  1. Finally, delivery of cargo without original bills of lading promote the development of shipping in a way in practice, it has reasonability in existence. chapter three is writer ' s study for 10 leading cases of chinese maritime court and court of cassation concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, writer conclude as follows : chinese courts are inclined to regard it as breach of contract but not in tort in judicial practice ; chinese courts allow the plaintiff to choose to sue in tort or of breach ; chinese courts have abandoned the viewpoint of " who holder the bills who must have the right to sue " or " who holder the bills who must win the case " ; and in many cases concerning delivery of cargo without original bills of lading, the court ignored plaintiff ' s actions against the carrier, it proved that carrier can escape reasonability of delivery of cargo without original bills of lading in some cases

    第三章論述我國海事法院及其上級法院就無單放貨案件審理的司法審判實踐研究，通過對十個法院判例的分析、歸納，筆者認為，在司法實踐中，法院越來越傾向于將無單放貨糾紛視為運輸合同糾紛處理，而不認定為侵權行為糾紛；法院允許原告起訴時以侵權起訴或違約起訴作出選擇；法院對提單持有人的訴權認定，已經不採用「誰持有提單誰就有訴權」與「誰持有提單就能保證勝訴」的觀點；有諸多的無單放貨的訴訟案例以被法院駁回起訴為結局，證明了無單放貨在特定情況下的合理性以及承運人有避免承擔責任的可能性。
  2. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  3. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  4. To guard against this, a new owner is advised before acquiring a vehicle to apply to a licensing office for the relevant certificate of clearance. the certificate, issued free of charge, is valid for 72 hours and certifies that the vehicle is free of outstanding penalties and is not liable to licence suspension

    為防止這類事件發生，新車主在購車前，應先往牌照事務處申請有關車輛的無欠繳罰款及無違例紀錄證明書，以確定該車並無涉及任何仍未清繳的罰款及暫停牌照。
  5. In comparison with similar cities worldwide, hong kong has performed very well in reducing fatal traffic accidents. nevertheless, stringent enforcement action continues to be taken for offences that cause or are likely to cause traffic accidents

    香港與世界其他類似城市比較，在減少致命交通意外的工作方面成績斐然。然而，警方仍會繼續嚴厲執法，對付足以導致意外或容易引發意外的交通違例事件。
  6. Its primary functions include the incorporation of local companies with or without limited liability and registration of oversea companies ; the registration of documents required by the various ordinances administered by the cr, principally the companies ordinance ; the provision of services and facilities for members of the public to inspect and obtain company information held by the cr on the various statutory registers, current data of companies incorporated and registered with the cr and image records of documents registered and kept by the registrar of companies ; the deregistration of defunct, solvent private companies ; the prosecution of companies and their officers for breaches of the various regulatory provisions of the companies ordinance ; and advising the government on policy and legislative issues regarding company law and related legislation, including the overall review of the companies ordinance. official receiver s office

    該處的主要職能是為有限法律責任及無限法律責任的本地公司辦理注冊成立手續和辦理海外公司登記為該處實施的各項條例以公司條例為主所規定提交的文件辦理登記事宜為公眾提供服務及設施以查閱並取得該處法定登記冊所載的公司資料在該處注冊和登記的公司的最新資料，以及由公司注冊處處長登記和備存的文件影像紀錄;撤銷不營運但有償債能力的私人公司的注冊檢控違反公司條例規定的公司及其高級人員並就與公司法及相關法例有關的政策及立法問題，向政府提供意見，當中包括有關公司條例的全面檢討。
  7. That the victim is a person having the right to remain in hong kong or being permitted to remain in hong kong under the immigration ordinance, cap. 115, who is not in contravention of a limit of stay ( if any ) in force against him at the time of the incident

    受害人根據香港法例第115章《入境條例》的規定，有權在香港居留或獲準在香港逗留；對于逗留香港是有條件限制的受害人，須在事件發生時，並無違反逗留期限。
  8. You should record down the date time location vehicle number and the details of the incident, then make a report at the concerned regional traffic report room or any

    當發現有司機在道路上駕駛車輛違反交條例時，閣下可；記錄事件發生的日期、時間、地點、車輛號碼和違例過程。
  9. Under this background, the strengthening of legal research about the inside trade ' s structure of security market has great, realistic meanings. this paper attempts to analyze the current situation of insider trading in securities markets of china and to supply some legislative solutions to this problem while learning from those approaches practiced in the mature securities markets. this paper consists of four parts

    本文以證券內幕交易的基本概念與基本理論入手，比較世界各國證券法律中禁止內幕交易的法律法規，運用法經濟學的觀點分析禁止內幕交易的合理性，通過金融經濟學事件研究方法，對我國證券市場內幕交易案例進行實證分析，提出了證券市場違法違規行為的判定標準。
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