違法者過失者 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wéifǎzhěguòshīzhě]
違法者過失者 英文
delinquent
  • 違 : 動詞1. （不遵照; 不依從） disobey; defy; violate 2. （離別） part; leave; be separated
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 者 : Ⅰ助詞1 （用在形容詞或動詞後面 或帶有形容詞或動詞的詞組後面 表示有此屬性或做此動作的人或事物） 2 ...
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 違法 : break the law; be illegal
  • 過失 : 1 （因疏忽而犯的錯誤） fault; slip; error; misconduct; culpa; mistake; blunder 2 [法律] unpremedi...
  1. The writer recognizes that as well to should include the concordat the occasion, quanta that establish him also infringement not default the square ' s proper avail, non obstinate this fraction the avail and does not occupy the point, and deny their entity but the non possums, for example the corporeal have the minor faults, treaty about body breach of warranty the etc. ultimately is a treaty about the negligence responsibility is an infringement reliance avail, the writer recognize and should include the modern law of contract of proper avail, quanta to have the infringement

    最後就是締約過失責任是只侵犯了信賴利益嗎，筆者認為應該包括固有利益，因為現代契約法有侵權法向合同法轉移的情況，其根源就是侵犯的包括固有利益。再次是關于預期違約責任的一些問題，預期違約來源於英美法系，對于預期違約的概念國內有三種，筆者認為它的定義是在合同締結之後至合同履行期到來之前產生的履約危險加以救濟的法律制度。
  2. For the treaty about the responsibility ' s quality, have four kind doctrine, is a deflect to say respectively, and the act of law say, and the direct provision of law say that say with honest repute, and the writer more incline toward the honest repute to say, quanta this is the treaty about negligence responsibility this a special stage solicit of, the parties steer the activity relating to civil law the hour to must have the heart of bona fides the status, other doctrine all some lead long strong, treaty about of occasion, traditional standpoint it is an acknowledge concordat that negligence responsibility establish does not establish, void or reversed occasion

    對于締約責任的性質，有四種學說，分別是侵權行為說，法律行為說，法律直接規定說和誠實信用說，筆者更傾向于誠實信用說，因為這是締約過失責任這一特殊階段要求的，當事人進行民事活動時必須具備誠實善良的內心狀態，其他學說都有些牽強。對于締約過失責任成立的場合，傳統的觀點是只承認合同不成立、無效或被撤銷的場合。筆者認為也應包括合同成立的場合，因為他同時也侵犯了非違約方的固有利益，雖然這部分利益不佔重點，但我們不能否認她們的存在，比如標的物有瑕疵，締約人違反保證等。
  3. Armymen, civilians, fictitious person or organization could give their opinion, make suggestion or appeal to the military department through epistle, telephone, visit and so on. they also make a efficient supervision on the illegal behavior of army and the armymen

    軍內外人員、法人或組織通過書信、電話、走訪等形式向部隊各級機關部門反映情況，提出意見、建議或者投訴請求，並對部隊機關及其工作人員的違法失職行為進行監督。
  4. According to china ' s maritime code, the liabiiity of breaching a contract of carriage of goods by sea is determined by whether the breaching party has f8ult or not, while it aiso stipuiates in articie 51 that ; " the carrier shaii not be iiable for the loss of or damage to the goods occurred during the period of carrier ' s responsibility arising or resulting from any of the foiiowing causes ( ( 1 ) fault of the mastef, crew members, pilot or servant of the carrier in the navigation or management of the ship "

    我國海商法在海上貨物運輸方面的承運人違約責任之歸責採取過錯責任原則，但因其在第51條又規定「船長、船員、引航員或者承運人的其他受僱人在駕駛船舶或管理船舶中的過失」承運人不負賠償責任。因為這一點，海商法學界稱之為不完全過失責任制。
  5. Article 398 any functionary of a state organ who, in violation of the provisions of the law on guarding state secrets, intentionally or negligently divulges state secrets, if the circumstances are serious, shall be sentenced to fixed - term imprisonment of not more than three years or criminal detention ; if the circumstances are especially serious, he shall be sentenced to fixed - term imprisonment of not less than three years but not more than seven years

    第三百九十八條國家機關工作人員違反保守國家秘密法的規定，故意或者過失泄露國家秘密，情節嚴重的，處三年以下有期徒刑或者拘役；情節特別嚴重的，處三年以上七年以下有期徒刑。
  6. Based on this, some widely established rules including the rule of total compensation, the rule of foreseeability, the rule of mitigation, the rule of counterbalance between loss and profit, and the rule of compensatio culpae are discussed in details

    在此基礎上，筆者從比較法角度系統闡述了各國確定違約損害賠償范圍的諸規則（主要包括完全賠償規則、可預見規則、過失相抵及損益相抵規則、減輕損失規則）的內涵、理論發展及相關問題。
  7. This dissertation, through discussing respectively and researching by comparative method as to the compensation for damages for breach of a contract and for the infringement arising from road traffic accident which is related to serve contract, raises that, there exist mutual part and difference in the scope of damages, the principle of the fixation of liability, the proof of evidence, the rule of the counteraction between faults, the undertaking of the third party for the fault liability, the dealing of the free - rider with good - faith, as to the contract law and tort law in china

    筆者在論文中，通過對具有服務合同關系的道路交通事故的違約損害賠償、侵權損害賠償的分別闡述和比較研究，說明了我國合同法和侵權行為法這兩種法律規范在賠償范圍、歸責原則、舉證責任、過失相抵規則適用、第三人過錯責任承擔、好意同乘者的處理等方面，既有相同之處，也存在諸多差異。
  8. Article 23 if the trustee disposes the trust property against the purposes of the trust or is at serious fault when managing, utilizing or disposing of the trust property, the trustor has the right to remove the trustee according to the provisions of the trust documents or apply to the people ' s court to remove the trustee

    第二十三條受託人違反信託目的處分信託財產或者管理運用、處分信託財產有重大過失的，委託人有權依照信託文件的規定解任受託人，或者申請人民法院解任受託人。
  9. The aim of chinese legality improvement and supervision enhancement is to heighten the illegal private cost, narrow the gap between the private cost and social cost, that is to force the lawbreakers to bear the damages brought by the illegal behaviors and reduce the social net lose. there are two kinds of punishment on the illegal behaviors in chinese security market, the punishment by the sec and the punishment according to law

    我國證券市場完善法制建設，加大監管力度的目的就是要通過處罰機制提高違法私人成本，將證券違法的外部成本內在化，縮小違法私人成本與社會成本之間的差距，即將由證券違法行為帶來的損失盡量由違法者個人承擔，減小社會的凈損失。
  10. Article 22 a thing owned by a person other than the person punished but was made an instrument for the commission of an act in breach of duty under administrative law out of the intention or gross negligence of the owner thereof may be subject to forfeiture

    第22條不屬于受處罰者所有之物，因所有人之故意或重大過失，致使該物成為違反行政法上義務行為之工具者，仍得裁處沒入。
  11. In practice, japanese court sustains that the " tail to perform due contractual obligations " should be the standard in determining liability, while most of the other countries follow the general causation principle in tort by contrast, this article will show that, since both of them apply " duty of care " as the standard, in effect the burden of producing evidence is of little difference in either case

    筆者認為，由於兩種責任在認定醫療過失時均以違反注意義務為要件，在舉證責任上也差別不大，因此明確醫生所負有的合理技能與適當注意義務的性質及其程度才是問題的關鍵所在。醫療過失認定標準的特殊性部分，重新認識了傳統侵權法中判斷過失基準的「合理人」標準。
  12. Directors of dltp includes de jure directors, de facto directors and shadow directors and third parties is composed of shareholders, creditors and some special creditors, such as governmental tr. x agencies, social security departments and corporate employees. the legal nature of dltp is special liability and different from liabilities mder tort, accordingly directors have to face both the liabilities under civil law and the special liabilities under corporate law. a director is not liable to third parties except that his or her action is illegal ; he or she is guilty of wrongful intent or of gross negligence for the illegal action ; the action occurs in the course of performing his or her corporate suties ; and third parties are damaged by the action

    作者指出，董事對第三人責任中的董事不僅指正式董事，而且還包括影子董事和事實董事;除了股東和一般債權人之外，第三人還包括二些特殊債權人，如稅務機關、社保機關以及雇員等;其責任性質為法定責任，但並不排除與民法侵權責任競合的可能;董事對第三人責任應包括以下要件: .董事之行為須違法、董事對其行為違法有故意或重大過失、董事之行為發生於執行職務過程中、第三人因董事之違法行為受損害;在舉證責任的分擔上應有董事證明其違法行為是否有故意或重大過失，實現這一制度的訴訟形式為第三人之訴;另外，在公司破產時應採取一些特殊措施，以保證公平受償。
  13. Notion that our country vs. treaty about the negligence responsibility have the different interpretation, writer to recognize, negligence responsibility of so - called treaty about, is an in reference to treaty about body scanter or negligence violate the legal attach with the loss that obligation or first the contractual obligation result in to station of treaty about contra body but should ipso jury obligation relating to civil law that undertake

    我國對締約過失責任的概念有不同解釋，筆者認為，所謂締約過失責任，是指締約人故意或過失違反法定附隨義務或先合同義務給締約相對人所造成的損失而應依法承擔的民事責任。
  14. If the agreed amount of damages for breach of the contract is much more than the damages resulting therefrom, the party concerned may appeal to a people ' s court or an arbitration organization for an appropriate reduction

    如果當事人約定的違約金低於造成的損失，當事人可以請求人民法院或者仲裁機構予以增加；約定的違約金過分高於造成的損失，當事人可以請求人民法院或者仲裁機構予以適當減少。
  15. The bureau that keep watch reminds consumption, if encounter following item but to superintendency department complaint handling : business of insurance of insurance device and agency of insurance individual agent breaks the law mediumly, violate compasses act ; create insurance device illegally ; run insurance wu or insurance intermediary business illegally ; as a result of insurance company sale member intended in the process that exhibit property or error, misdirect consumer or enroach on insurance join the action of right beneficial ; the irregularity of insurance device and its branch chief, violate compasses act ; shenzhen protects inspect bureau the staff member breaks the law, violate discipline and act of neglect one ' s duty ; the criticism that works to insurance, opinion and proposal ; other concerned enroach on is sure to join the action of right beneficial

    保監局提醒消費，假如碰到下列事項可向監管部門投訴處理：保險機構及保險個人代理人經辦保險業務中的違法、違規行為；非法設立保險機構；非法經營保險業務或保險中介業務；由於保險公司營銷員在展業過程中故意或過失，誤導消費者或侵害保險合法權益的行為；保險機構及其分支機構負責人的違法、違規行為；深圳保監局工作人員違法、違紀和失職行為；對保險工作的批評、意見和建議；其他有關侵害保險合法權益的行為。
  16. Conclude a treaty negligence liability and responsibility of breach of contract are two in contract issue different ideas, former in happening conclude a treaty level, be did not conclude in the contract or be issued by the circumstance of cancel, damage kills the method that just upholds him right ; latter after contract become effective happening fulfill level, right now a nonperformance because of the other side or fulfill what disagreement asks and damage kills, with respect to the responsibility of breach of contract that can find out the other side

    締約過失責任與違約責任是合同問題中的兩個不同概念，前者發生在締約階段，是在合同沒有訂立或合同無效或被撤銷的情況下，受損害方維護自己權利的方法；後者發生在合同生效后的履行階段，此時一方因對方的不履行或履行不合要求而受損害的，就可以追究對方的違約責任。
  17. Unskillful and faulty medical or surgical treatment handles byelaw place to weigh unskillful and faulty medical or surgical treatment, it is to show medical establishment and its medical personnel are in medical treatment activity, disobey medical treatment sanitation to manage regulations of law, administrative regulations, department and diagnosis and treatment to nurse standard, groovy, error causes the accident that patient person damages

    醫療事故處理條例所稱醫療事故，是指醫療機構及其醫務人員在醫療活動中，違反醫療衛生治理法律、行政法規、部門規章和診療護理規范、常規，過失造成患者人身損害的事故。
  18. Article 7 an act in breach of duty under administrative law is not punishable unless committed intentionally or negligently

    第7條違反行政法上義務之行為非出於故意或過失者，不予處罰。
  19. Lawyers and law firms may not be relieved of or limited in the civil liability that they shall bear for the losses caused to a party due to illegal practice of law or fault

    律師和律師事務所不得免除或者限制因違法執業或者因過錯給當事人造成損失所應當承擔的民事責任。
  20. In the first part, the contents and essence of medical malpractice civil liability, through comparing the concepts of medical malpractice among japan, america and china, the essay establishes its own understanding : medical malpractice is ah accident in which the medical organs and their professionals breach against the regulations of medical and sanitation administration and the regulations or routine of clinic, lead to a. personal damages of patient negligently

    本部分主要對醫療事故民事責任的內涵及性質進行了分析，通過比較日本和美國學者及我國法律對醫療事故概念的界定論述了醫療事故民事責任的內涵：醫療事故是指「醫療機構及其醫務人員在醫療活動中，違反醫療衛生管理法規、部門規章和診療護理規范、常規，過失造成患者人身損害的事故」 。
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