遺傳上地 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yízhuànshàngde]
遺傳上地 英文
genetically
  • 遺 : 遺動詞[書面語] （贈與） offer as a gift; make a present of sth : 遺之千金 present sb with a gener...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 上 : 上名詞[語言學] （指上聲） falling-rising tone
  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  1. The most controversial implication of the geneticists' work is that modern human didn't slowly and inexorably evolve in different part of the world as many anthropologists believed.

    現代遺傳學家的研究結果所暗示的論點最有爭議。他們認為並不象許多人類學家所相信的那樣-現代人類緩慢而堅穩地在世界上不同的地區進化。
  2. Breeders of thoroughbred animals perpetuate genetic disorders to keep pedigrees pure.

    純種家畜的養育者們為了保持純正的動物血統無休止地製造遺傳上的混亂現象。
  3. A dictionary may define genetics as simply "the science of the study of heredity".

    詞典上會把遺傳學簡單地定為「研究遺傳的科學。」
  4. Cluster analysis by upgma methods indicated that these five stocks might be divided into three clusters. results of rapd a nalysis suggested that extensive genetic diversity was detected in this species and the genetic divergence among stocks was relatively high ; upgma phylogenetic tree showed there existed three geographic populations of p. polyactis in the yellow sea and the east china sea, which supported the previous conclusion by morphological and ecological methods. part two : the genetic diversity between trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus random amplified polymorphic dna ( rapd ) technique was applied to 12 individuals from each species of the hairtail fishes trichiurus lepturus and eupleurogrammus muticus collected from the yellow sea

    50一2 . 44 ） ，群體內和群體間的遺傳變異比例分別為69 %和31 % ;群體間的平均遺傳相似度和遺傳距離分別為0 . 9139和o . q861 ;用非加權配對算數平均法（ unweightedpair - groupmethodofari山m七tiome即s ， upgma ）聚類分析的結果表明，所分析的5個群體可被分為3個地理群系，從分子水平上支持了過去有關學者把黃海和東海的小黃魚劃分為北中南3個地理群系的觀點。
  5. And l. mollis hemsl, a random amplified polymorphic dna ( rapd ) analysis was performed for the first time. the screening of 40 decamer oligonucleotides allowed the selection of 11 primers used for the analysis, the dna fingerprints of 10 samples were constituted and the genetics evidence was furnished. to study on the contents and chemical constituents of essential oil from leaves and fruits of different species of litsea lam, the chemical compositions were separated and identified by gc / ms

    為了評價山雞椒和毛葉木姜子的不同品種和品系，採用rapd技術，從40個引物中篩選出11個特徵引物，首次獲得山雞椒和毛葉木姜子以及它們的栽培品系的dna分子指紋圖譜，從分子水平上較全面地評價了各樣品間的親緣關系，從而為栽培品種的劃分提供了一定的遺傳學上的證據。
  6. Based on the single point measurement, to a south towards constuction being built and some windows of the original housing behind the new building, this paper works out the whole height of the new building with the largest cubage which is also the optimization on the condition that all the windows mentioned above satisfying the sunlight standard. thus it can not only realize both land saving and scientific housing, but also give the designer some guiding advices

    在此基礎上，對一正南朝向的待建建築物和其後面原有住宅樓上的窗體，在滿足原有住宅樓上的窗體都滿足日照標準的條件下，利用遺傳演算法來求解該待建建築物的整體高度，使其容積最大，即達到最優，從而達到節約土地和科學住房的目的，為建築設計者起到一定的指導作用。
  7. This article puts forward a solution named divide - assemble by deducing the size of bp neural network to overcome entering the local best point, the dividing process is that a big bp neural network is divided into several small bp neural networks, every small bp neural network can study alone, after all small bp neural networks finish their study, we can assemble all these small bp neural networks into the quondam big bp neural networks ; on the basis of divide - assemble solution, this article discusses the preprocessing of input species and how to deduce the size of bp neural network further to make it easy to overcome entering the local best point ; for the study of every small bp neural network, this article adopts a solution named gdr - ga algorithm, which includes two algorithms. gdr ? a algorithm makes the merits of the two algorithms makeup each other to increase searching speed. finally, this article discusses the processing of atm band - width distribution dynamically

    本文從bp網的結構出發，以減小bp神經網路的規模為手段來克服陷入局部極小點，提出了bp神經網路的拆分組裝方法，即將一個大的bp網有機地拆分為幾個小的子bp網，每個子網的權值單獨訓練，訓練好以後，再將每個子網的單元和權值有機地組裝成原先的bp網，從理論和實驗上證明了該方法在解決局部極小值這一問題時是有效的；在拆分組裝方法基礎上，本文詳細闡述了輸入樣本的預處理過程，更進一步地減小了bp網路的規模，使子網的學習更加容易了；對于子網的學習，本文採用了最速梯度? ?遺傳混合演算法（即gdr ? ? ga演算法） ，使gdr演算法和ga演算法的優點互為補充，提高了收斂速度；最後本文闡述了用以上方法進行atm帶寬動態分配的過程。
  8. In this work, some species of palmae cultivated in the xiamen botanical garden had been selected to be analyzed their genetic diversity with rapd ( random amplified polymorphic dna ) technique. according to the result of genomic dna amplified with pcr ( polymerase chain reaction ), genetic distance and similarity between different palm species were calculated on nei " s estimate of similarity and genetic distance. a primary but first time research at the phylogenetic relationships of some genera and species, the molecular classification and identification of some puzzling species of palmae was carried out through upgma ( unweighted pair group mean average ) cluster analysis of the genetic distance together with comparative study of the morphological structure characteristics

    本文在初步調查分析了棕櫚科植物在我國的自然分佈、引種馴化情況以及該類植物在廈門地區栽培應用狀況的基礎上，首次採用rapd分子標記技術，對廈門萬石植物園引種的一些棕櫚科植物的遺傳多樣性進行了研究，根據pcr對基因組dna擴增的結果，用nei ' s相似性系數計算了不同植物間的遺傳距離和遺傳一致度，通過對遺傳距離的upgma聚類分析，並結合形態分類的特點，對棕櫚科植物的屬、種間的系統分類關系和一些疑難種的分類鑒定進行了初步研究。
  9. By constructing the geometrical model of a certain underground single arm type pantograph and applying the translation of pantograph - head balancing bar and the perpendicular displacement of pantograph in the direction of the movement of locomotive while raising pantograph as the objective which must satisfy the demands of locomotive ' s stable current collection, this paper applied the multi - objective optimization based on the genetic algorithms to design the pantograph mechanism

    摘要在建立某地鐵單臂受電弓簡化幾何模型的基礎上，根據列車平穩受流對受電弓提出的各項要求，以受電弓升弓時機車前進方向上的縱向偏移量和弓頭平衡桿的平動為目標，以受電弓正常升弓所需升弓轉矩等為約束，運用基於遺傳演算法的多目標優化技術，對該型受電弓機構進行了優化，得到了使受電弓運動性能達到最優的幾何參數。
  10. The horrible paradox in this almost four - century - old play of man s constitutional inability to foresee consequences while in hot pursuit of what he calls " truth " is that as each discovery of this truth has brought man close and close to his own extinction either through the prospects of physical destruction or psychological maltransformation or biogenetic tampering, science itself remains supremely and arrogantly confident of its limitless purposes and indeed has the full support and encouragement of governments, industrial entrepreneurs and peoples generally, all of whom continue to believe in its doubtful benefits

    將近四世紀以來，人類熱中追求於他所謂"真理"這個人類天生無法預見後果的游戲里，可怕的矛盾存在於，每次真理的發現，或經由預期身體的滅亡或精神惡化或擅改生物遺傳，都帶領著人類，一步一步地接近人類自身的滅絕;然科學本身，對其無限的目的，仍高傲無上地維持其自信，而且，全然保有來自，政府，企業，及普遍人們的支持與鼓勵，他們都仍然相信那其實很可疑的益處
  11. ( 4 ) one of the mtdna haplotypes in the population of shandong yellow river nature reserve was shared with populations of the two breeding areas, and the other was endemic, it implied that this wintering population possibly was composed by different populations including these two breeding populations, and its genetic diversity was higher than the population of breeding area

    （ 4 ）山東黃河三角洲種群的2個單元型中， 1個與兩個繁殖地的相同，另一個為該種群所特有，這提示這個越冬種群，是由包含上述兩個繁殖地在內的多個不同的種群組成的，可能擁有比繁殖地要高的遺傳多樣性水平。
  12. Green fluorescent protein ( gfp ) gene was conjugated to the 3 " end of the pap gene in order to screen easily of the transgenic cotton plants. the combined gene was cloned into plant expression vector pbi121 and then transformed. about 5000 seeds of the transgenic cotton were obtained and the some seedlings of the transgenic cotton could give a bright green fluorescence in the dark condition when the cotton seedlings were irradiated with ultraviolet rays

    為了便於轉基因棉花後代的篩選，在pap基因的3 』端融入了綠色熒光蛋白gfp ）基因，然後將融合基因克隆在植物表達載體pbi121上，再進行遺傳轉化，得轉基因棉花種子5000餘粒，將種子播種長到于葉展開時，先在黑暗中用紫外燈照射，查找表現綠色熒光的幼苗，然後再用地高辛（ dig ）標記的pap基因特異性探針對這些棉花進行點雜交，最後發現有8株棉花表現陽性反應，說明pap基因的確己經轉到了棉花的基因組中，其棉花黃萎病的抗性鑒定正在進行之中。
  13. Article 25 the local people ' s governments at or above the county level may establish institutions for medical technical appraisement which shall be responsible for making medical technical appraisement when dissenting views arises on the results of pre - marital medical examination, genetic diseases diagnosis or prenatal diagnosis

    第二十五條縣級以上地方人民政府可以設立醫學技術鑒定組織，負責對婚前醫學檢查、遺傳病診斷和產前診斷結果有異議的進行醫學技術鑒定。
  14. At first, based on the simple genetic algorithm, an improved ga which adopts a combination of emigration policy and adaptive operator is presented. results of numerical optimization show that the improved ga is effective on preventing premature problem

    本文在基本遺傳演算法的基礎上首先研究了浮點編碼遺傳演算法在數值優化中的應用，通過引進「移民策略」和自適應運算元相結合的方法，改進了基本遺傳演算法在後期進化緩慢的問題，極大地減少了早熟性收斂的現象。
  15. E. mollis had higher genetic diversity among populations, and the reason may be as follows : ( 1 ) those populations are generally large and are not subject to significant loss of variation through small - population effects such as random genetic drift and inbreeding coupled with selection

    相對於26種長壽木本特有種和61種狹窄的地理分佈種來說，翅果油樹種群也具有高的遺傳變異水平。這表明翅果油樹種群不存在遺傳上的退化現象。
  16. At relatively higher similarities, strains tested from different area were further clustered which reflected the effect of geographical factor on rhizobia genetic diversity

    在較高的相似性水平上來自不同地域的菌株可進一步細分為不同的小群，並表明了地理因素對根瘤菌遺傳多樣性的影響。
  17. The result of the cluster analysis at the individuals level shows that most of the individuals from different populations cluster together and the individuals from one or two populations does n ' t emerge in some phenons, which means that certain degree of morphological and genetic differentiation occurred among populations. this also reflects that there is genetic heterogeneity among individuals or the variation of micro - habitats in a same population. from cluster analysis at the population level we found that there is obvious differentiation between the populations from east hot spring and the populations from other places, this differentiation probably caused by the geographical isolation among those populations

    對所測量的形態特徵的數據在個體水平上進行聚類結果表明，同一種群的個體並不是完全有序地聚在一起，而不同種群間的個體常無序地聚在一起，同時也有一些大的表徵群不出現某些種群的個體，說明部分種群間有一定的分化，這也反映了種群內部個體間的遺傳異質性或由於種群內部微生境的差異導致的種群內個體間的形態異質性。
  18. Such humans do indeed exist in small numbers in remote and primarily frozen parts of earth, and are those who had enough genetic remembrance to grow fur to survive after the ice shields broke

    這些人的的確確以小數量生活在地球上偏遠而寒冷的地方，且是那些有充足遺傳記憶能在冰天破裂后長出皮毛來倖存的人。
  19. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  20. They genetically interfered in our indigenous dna to create a slave - race to work their mines, farms, and other enterprises in sumer

    他們在遺傳上干涉了我們本地的dna ，創造了一種奴隸? ?在蘇美爾里，用來為他們的礦石，農場和其他事業服務。
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