遺傳品種改良 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yízhuànpǐnzhǒnggǎiliáng]
遺傳品種改良 英文
genetic mechanism for crop improvement
  • 遺 : 遺動詞[書面語] （贈與） offer as a gift; make a present of sth : 遺之千金 present sb with a gener...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 品 : Ⅰ名詞1 （物品） article; product 2 （等級; 品級） grade; class; rank 3 （品質） character; qualit...
  • 種 : 種名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 改 : Ⅰ動詞1 （改變） change; transform 2 （修改） revise; alter; modify 3 （改正） rectify; correct 4 ...
  • 良 : Ⅰ名詞1. （善良的人） good people 2. （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ形容詞（好） good; fine; nice Ⅲ副詞（很） very; very much; indeed
  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  • 品種 : 1. [生物學] breed; cultivated varieties; strain; variety 2. （產品種類） variety; assortment
  • 改良 : 1 （去掉事物的個別缺點 使它更適合要求） improve; ameliorate 2 （改進） reform; 改良牧場 improved ...
  1. Genetic improvement of main traits was analyzed using 110 china - bred cottons with fusarium and verticillium wilts resistance released since 1950 ' s

    摘要對20世紀50年代以來中國自育的110個棉花抗枯、黃萎病品種的抗病性、產量性狀、早熟性狀的遺傳改良進行了分析。
  2. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  3. This study was conducted to examine the interrelationship of 10 seed vigor traits in 12 wheat genotypes through variance, co - variance and path coefficient analysis, to determine broad - sense heritability, and to estimate genetic advance under selection. the genotypes showed significant difference for all traits, except for percentage of normal seedling. genetic correlation between conversion efficiency of seed reserve, electrical conductivity with other traits were not significant, showed that selection for any of them might be possible without hampering any other traits. however path coefficient analysis indicated that conversion efficiency of seed reserve, seed reserve utilization ratio have strong direct effect in affecting seedling weight, and that mean germination time has significantly negatively correlated in affecting gi. moderate to high estimates of broad - sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation and expected genetic advance were obtained for electrical conductivity, germination index, mean germination time, seed dry weigh, seedling dry weigh, seed reserve depletion ratio indicating the possibility for improving these traits

    本研究利用12個普通小麥品種對10個種子活力性狀的遺傳變異和相關研究，表明除正常幼苗百分率外，其餘種子活力性狀在品種間均存在顯著的差異.種子貯藏物質轉換效率、電導率兩個性狀間及與其它性狀均無顯著的遺傳相關，因此對他們的選擇不會影響到其它性狀.通徑分析表明幼苗干重主要取決于種子貯藏物質轉換效率、種子貯藏物質利用速率;發芽指數主要由平均發芽時間決定.電導率、發芽勢、幼苗干重、種子干重、發芽指數、種子貯藏物質消耗比率6個性狀表現中到高的遺傳力、遺傳變異系數和相對遺傳進展，指明通過遺傳育種手段改良這些性狀是可能的
  4. Abstract : robertsonian translocation is important in the study of evolution biology. current progress, contents, technology and methods about robertsonian translocation studies are introduced in the article. the usefulness in improving the breeds of pasturages and molecular genetic aspect are also discussed

    摘要本文總結了羅伯遜易位研究的現狀、內容和技術方法，並對它在畜牧品種的改良、分子遺傳學方面的應用作了探討，指出了它在研究進化生物學方面的重要意義。
  5. The main function of a seed orchard is to produce seed of improved genetic quality on a regular and sustained basis.

    種子園的主要作用就是經常和持續地生產改良了遺傳品質的種子。
  6. A lot of sugar beet germplasms with high yield and high sugar content as well as disease resistance have been identified and selected through the appraisal of main agronomic traits, quality analysis and germplasms creation from seventh five - year plan to tenth five - year plan, and some novel superior germplasms with good economic characters, superior adaptability, good combining ability and genetic stability have been created, which have been applied to breeding as pre - breeding, new varieties have been bred to commendably serve for sugar beet production

    摘要通過「七五」至「十五」期間甜菜種質資源的主要農藝性狀鑒定、品質分析和種質創新研究，鑒定、篩選出一大批豐產、高糖、抗病的種質資源材料，同時對其性狀改良，創造出一些經濟性狀優良、適應性強、配合力高、遺傳穩定的新型優異種質，有的已做為預選種應用於我國的育種實踐中，並育成新品種在生產上大面積推廣應用。
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