重建外科 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhòngjiànwàikē]
重建外科 英文
reconstructive surgery
  • 重 : 重Ⅰ名詞（重量; 分量） weight Ⅱ動詞（重視） lay [place put] stress on; place value upon; attach im...
  • 建 : Ⅰ動詞1 （建築） build; construct; erect 2 （建立; 設立; 成立） establish; set up; found 3 （提出;...
  • 外 : Ⅰ名詞1 （外面） outside; external side 2 （外國） foreign country 3 （以外） besides; beyond; in ...
  • 科 : Ⅰ名詞1 （學術或業務的類別） a branch of academic or vocational study 2 （機關按工作性質而分設的單...
  • 重建 : 1. rebuild; reconstruct; reestablish; rehabilitate 2. reestablishment; reconstruction
  1. With the advancement in microsurgery and regional anatomy, wide application of dental implants, distraction osteogenesis, cad / cam, rapid prototyping, the restorative quality after resection of oral and maxillofacial tumors has been greatly improved, especially in the rehabilitation of oral and maxillofacial contour, but much has to be done in dynamic myofunctional reconstruction, sensory reconstruction, speech and deglutition reconstruction

    隨著顯微外科學和局部解剖學的發展，牙種植、牽引成骨、 cad / cam和快速原型製作等技術的廣泛應用，術后缺損重建的質量已獲得明顯提高，尤其在形態恢復方面幾近完美；但在動力性肌功能、感覺功能、吞咽和發音機能恢復方面，仍然有許多問題亟待解決。
  2. When the field is slowly - varying, the scalar field potential acts like a cosmological constant. in addition to the quintessence models, many other theories for dark energy have been proposed, including models based on super - symmetric gauge theories, super - gravity, small extra dimensions, large extra dimensions, quantum field theory effects in curved space - time. all these models are essentially based on the existence of a mass less scalar field acting at a cosmic scale

    除了真空場模型外，科學家亦提出其他解釋黑暗能量的理論，這些模型建基於不同的物理理論或假設，例如超對稱規范理論超重力增加一些小或大的空間維數量子力學在彎曲時空的影響等等，這些理論模型，返本溯源，其實背後都假設存在著一個特性類似於宇宙常數的無質量純量場。
  3. Lateral calcaneal arterial skin flap, innervated by sural never provides the orthopedic surgeon an ideal skin flap for reconstruction of skin defects around the ankle, which satisfies various special requirements in this region

    摘要由腓神經支配之外側跟骨動脈提供骨科醫師一個理想皮瓣用來重建踝部及足跟附近之皮膚缺損，它能滿足這個特別部位的種種要求。
  4. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  5. This paper first introduces the historical development of one of the key research institutes of humanities and social sciences in universities in china since the 1970s, and it then concludes that this key institute - the centre for linguistics and applied linguistics ( clal ) in the guangdong university of foreign studies ( gdufs ) has accumulated five aspects of experience in its development, proposing clal construction and management as system engineering

    摘要文章總結並介紹廣東外語外賈大學外國語言學及應用語言學研究中心作為國家級重點學科研究基地的歷史沿革及其建設經驗，著重闡述五個方面的經驗：一、把學科建設當作系統工程來抓；二、確定課題促成長，成果促教學的發展思路；三、培養創新意識，產出精品成采；四、加強梯隊建設，培養后備力童；五、加強學術交流，擴大學科影響。
  6. By strengthening the construction of chinese heavy rain database, strengthening the study on radar mosaic, inverse technique and assimilation of detection data, a monitoring and nowcasting system of mesoscale heavy rain covering the whole changjiang valley is to be built

    重點學科領域包括暴雨監測技術研究、暴雨形成機理和預測方法研究、暴雨預報應用研究和暴雨災害評估與對策研究等，同時開展中尺度暴雨外場監測試驗基地建設和中國暴雨（資料）數據庫建設。
  7. Since any doctor can claim to be a plastic surgeon, the first things you want to look for are professional affiliations. the plastic surgeon doing your face lift should be certified by the american board of plastic surgery, and ideally by the american board of facial plastic and reconstruction surgery, as well

    因為任何醫生都可以聲稱自己是整型外科醫師，首先，你想要找有專業背景.在整形外科醫師做你的臉電梯應證實了美國董事會整形外科而最理想的美國議會顏面整形重建外科等
  8. Finally, we express six points for economic development in shangshui, which also should be careflly regarded by us, they are. industry, agriculture, the constructian of the town, the spread of science and technology the developing talent, and the opening policy

    最後，闡述了商水經濟發展需要認真把握的工業、農業、城鎮化建設、科技推廣、人才開發、對外開放等六大戰略重點。
  9. On base of studying domestic and foreign theories and methods for evaluations of st achievements, this thesis analyze 10 methods for evaluations of st achievements, such as application frequency statistics, delphi, literature research and application relevance analysis, etc. by studying and analyzing the work of technology planning bureau, transport ministry between 1991 and 2000, and the evaluation items for the achievement identification, acceptance and check - up which were taken by transportation technology department, the author come up with some methods, which are scientific, standard and quantified, for evaluating transportation st, that is, in accordance with the transportation st achievement management and achievement precise database within eighth five and ninth five, and with the statistic analysis such as research contents, professional classification, intensity input, achievement characteristics, field distribution, characteristics of department undertaken, st talents characteristics, award inf ormation, characteristics and regularity of transportation st achievements, problems that are still existed and countermeasure are forwarded ; according to the requirement of evaluations system of the transportation st achievement, the principle and methods for the system designation are given, and the constitution of the system are provided ; in order to improving the scientific organization and management of our national transportation st achievements, many subjects are under discussion, including institution for evaluation of st achievement, valuation organization, standard for evaluation technology, database for consulting transportation experts and how to simplify the procedure of transportation st achievement, etc.

    本論文在對國內外科技成果評價理論、方法廣泛調查基礎上，研究分析了諸如應用頻次統計法、德爾菲（ delphi ）法、文獻調研法、應用相關分析法等10種科技成果評價的方法，通過對1991至2000年交通部科技計劃所實施情況，由交通科技主管部門組織進行了成果鑒定、驗收和評審等成果評價的項目的分析，提出了本人對交通行業對科技成果進行科學、規范和定量地評價的方法，即：在建立「八五」 、 「九五」交通科技成果管理及成果簡要數據庫的基礎上，通過對研究內容、專業分類、投入強度、成果屬性、地域分佈、承擔單位屬性、科研人員屬性和獲獎情況等諸多方面進行統計分析，研究了交通科技成果的特點和規律，提出了存在的問題和對策；從建立交通科技成果評價指標體系的要求上，具體提出了交通科技成果評價指標體系設計原則與方法探討了交通行業科技成果評價指標體系的構成及權重確立等問題；從加強我國交通行業科技成果評價的科學化組織與管理出發，探討了如何建立科技成果評價制度、評價機構、統一的評價技術標準和交通行業專家咨詢數據庫以及如何簡化交通科技成果評審形式等問題。
  10. Foreign exploitation of small hydropower has obtained some experience as follows : adopting the preference ; establishing a good administrative system ; focusing on the technological improvement, etc. yet, the rapid domestic development of small hydropower is due to the involvement of social forces and the proper preference

    國外小水電開發的經驗主要有採取優惠政策、建立良好的管理體制、注重提高科技水平等。國內小水電發展迅速，主要得益於社會力量辦小水電、適當的優惠政策等。
  11. A study on the rank difference in library human resource management

    全國高校重點學科外刊資源共建共享方案研究
  12. It seems very young and weak in comparison with the plentiful theories of sales channels construction and several decades " experience of management of foreign vehicle companies. our vehicle companies will be inferior to other foreign competition in the competition. so how to establish the scientific and efficient management mode of sales channels becomes one of the important problems with which domestic vehicle producers are faced

    同國外公司擁有的豐富的市場渠道建立的理論和幾十年的渠道管理經驗相比，顯得十分的幼稚和薄弱，使我國汽車企業在未來的競爭中處於弱勢，因此如何建立科學有效的銷售渠道管理模式成為國內汽車企業所面臨的重大難題之一。
  13. According to surgical principle that all of the necrotic soft tissues and the dead bones should be excised, classical reconstruction of the scalp and skull 15 performed after thorough debridement or sequestration of the necrotic bone, however, they induced many potential disadvantages including epidural or intracerebral infections, leakage of spinal - cerebral fluids ( csf ), and herniation of the brain, not to mention of the prolonged hospital stay and poor aesthetical contour due to bony defect concavity

    依據處理創傷的外科準則，所有壞死的軟組織甚至骨頭都必須清除，所以傳統對於此類頭皮及顱骨傷口的治療是以手術清除包括顱骨的所有壞死組織，或以抗生素照護傷口等其壞死組織慢慢剝落後再進行重建。
  14. 3. it suggests the feasible countermeasures in other ways including the reduction of cost, the cultivation of core competence of corporations, the revolution of management, the enhancement of capabilities of marketing, the research and innovation of techniques, the converting of scientific results into the productivity, the improvement of the production ' s added value, the promotion of quality and environmental protection criteria to meet the requirements of international ones, the improvement of production ' s quality and the level of environmental protection, the construction of oil store, the implement of " go abroad " strategy, the development of oversea investment system, and development of e - business, the construction of scientific human resources system, and other effective measures of government. at last, the conclusion has been given : entry into wto brings us unpreced

    3 、在其他方面提出了可行的對策建議，包括:降低成本、培養企業核心競爭力;改革管理體制、增強市場營銷能力;技術研發與創新，加快科技成果轉化為生產力，提高產品的附加值;注重推進質量、環保標準與國際接軌，提高產品質量與環保水平;加快建立戰略石油儲備;實施「走出去」戰略，發展海外石油投資;加快發展龜子商務;建立科學的用人機制;以及政府應採取有效的政策措施等論文研究的結論:入世給中國石油化工產業帶來了前所未有的機遇，也提出了嚴峻的挑戰，只要我們認清入世后的緊迫形勢，抓住有利時機，充分採取切實可行的對策，就一定能迎來我國石油化工產業的更大發展，取得在國際競爭中的優勝地位。
  15. Soft tissue defects over the distal one - third of the dorsal foot continue to present challenges to the surgeon

    摘要足部背側遠端三分之一的軟組織之重建，對整形外科而言，仍是一具挑戰性的工作。
  16. The report of national research council of the national academies on the title of " surface temperature reconstructions for the last 2000 years " is reviewed

    摘要結合國內外有關研究，綜合評述了美國國家科學院國家研究理事會的報告「近兩千年地面溫度的重建」 。
  17. In this dissertation, rainfall infiltration, runoff, and soil water redistribution on a hillslope were studied by simulated rainfall experiments, and soil water cycling was investigated by site observation and soil sampling methods. moreover, the reasons for the desiccation of deep soil layer were analyzed, and its assessment indexes and standards were presented. the main results are as follows : ( 1 ) rainfall infiltration into a planar hillslope with a homogeneous isotropic soil could be simply regarded as one - dimensional infiltration process, if soil erosion was prevented

    針對當前該區植被恢復重建中存在的科學問題，以植被建設的關鍵性限制因素?土壤水分為出發點，通過室內外模擬降雨試驗，研究了坡地降雨入滲、產流及土壤水分再分佈規律，同時採用定位觀測和采樣分析相結合的方法，分析了坡地土壤水分的循環與轉化特徵，並初步建立了深層土壤乾燥化程度的評價標準，取得的主要結論如下： （ 1 ）在防止土壤侵蝕的條件下，均質坡地的降雨入滲過程可以簡化為一維。
  18. It finds extensive applications in science research, engineering design, trail analysis on the criminal investigation spot, online detection automatically, quality control, machine vision, medicine diagnosis and etc. this thesis analyzes and summarizes the domestic and international researchers ’ work about stereo vision, and then concentrates on the research on some key techniques of stereo vision, such as camera calibration, corner detection, 3 - d matching and 3 - d reconstruction

    隨著科學技術和工業生產的發展，三維形面測量在現代工業及實際生產中起著越來越重要的作用，在科研、工程設計、刑事偵查現場痕跡分析、自動在線檢測、質量控制、機器視覺、醫學診斷等方面有著極其廣泛的應用前景。本文在分析和總結了當前國內外立體視覺研究工作的基礎上，針對其中的攝像機標定、角點檢測、立體匹配和三維重建四個關鍵技術部分開展研究，其主要成果如下: 1 .提出了一種改進的攝像機標定方法。
  19. In recent 20 years, advances in muscle flap surgery and availability of chest reconstructive prosthesis have encouraged the surgeons to take an active attitude toward chest wall resection ; many " unresectable " lesions now have a chance to be resected and cured

    近20餘年來，重建材料的發展和軟組織重建技術的進步讓外科醫生在胸壁切除時更為積極，胸壁重建取得了很大的進步，許多在過去「不可切除」的病變得到了治愈的機會。
  20. Reconstructive surgeons have been concerned from early history with saving lives as well as restoring physical functioning and aesthetic appearance

    顏面重建外科手術歷來已久，其考慮的因素除了人命安危之外，還有恢復身體功能，併兼顧外表的美觀。
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