離子化介質 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [lízihuàjièzhí]
離子化介質
英文
ionizing medium-
Topics include : planets, planet formation ; stars, the sun, " normal " stars, star formation ; stellar evolution, supernovae, compact objects ( white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes ), plusars, binary x - ray sources ; star clusters, globular and open clusters ; interstellar medium, gas, dust, magnetic fields, cosmic rays ; distance ladder ; galaxies, normal and active galaxies, jets ; gravitational lensing ; large scaling structure ; newtonian cosmology, dynamical expansion and thermal history of the universe ; cosmic microwave background radiation ; big - bang nucleosynthesis
課程的主題包含了：行星、行星形成；恆星、太陽、正常的恆星、恆星形成；恆星演化、超新星、緻密天體（白矮星、中子星及黑洞） 、波霎、雙x -射線源；星團、球狀及疏散星團；星際介質、氣體、塵埃、磁場、宇宙射線；距離階梯；星系、正常及活躍星系、噴流；重力透鏡；大尺度結構；牛頓宇宙學、宇宙的動力膨脹及溫度發展歷史；宇宙背景微波輻射；大霹靂核合成。The study indicates that self - assembly monolayer membrane of au nanoparticle distributes as sub - monolayer. after au nanoparticles are assembled in multilayer, surface plasma resonance absorption peak got a red shift because of the polarizing effect of the surrounding media and the coupling effect of surface plasma waves between the next au nanoparticles
研究表明au納米粒子的自組裝單層薄膜呈亞單層分佈， au納米粒子組裝到多層復合薄膜中后，由於周圍介質的極化作用以及相鄰au納米粒子間的表面等離子體波的耦合作用，表面等離子共振吸收峰出現紅移和展寬。Topics covered include : mass transport through membranes ( diffusion, osmosis, chemically mediated, and active transport ), electric properties of cells ( ion transport ), equilibrium, resting, and action potentials, kinetic and molecular properties of single voltage - gated ion channels
內容包括：細胞膜上的物質傳輸（擴散、滲透、化學為媒介的傳輸以及主動傳輸） ；細胞的電子特徵（離子傳輸） 、平衡、靜息和動作電位；單個電壓門控離子通道的動力學和分子特性。This review discusses the principle of ims and its applications in protein chemistry, clinical chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry
本文介紹離子遷移譜技術的主要原理並綜述離子遷移譜技術在蛋白質化學、臨床化學和藥物化學等方面的應用。The simulation results have shown that sigvd of the temporal part is observed when the diffraction - free distance is longer than the dispersion length of sigvd. sigvd can be used to compensate the dispersion of medium, and a diffraction - free and quasi - dispersion - free pulsed beam, similar to a spatiotemporal soliton, can be produced in a dispersion medium
數值模擬的結果表明，只要相應的衍射距離大於空間誘導色散的距離，空間誘導色散理論可以很好的描述脈沖的演化過程；利用空間誘導色散可以補償介質色散，從而可以在色散介質中實現無衍射無色散的類時空孤子的傳輸。With the precondition that invitro tissue could survive after implantation, the study on transferring gus gene into arabidopsis callus was done. and we got the transformants. transformation efficiency was up to 2 %
在活體組織注入后可以存活的前提下，通過對離子束介導質粒dna導入擬南芥愈傷組織的遺傳體系的研究，得到了gus基因轉入擬南芥愈傷組織的轉化植株，轉化效率達2 。Plasma nitriding is an application way to metal surface and heating treatment based on the formed plasma by glow discharge. nitriding is a way of heating treatment, namely, metal accessory is put into activate nitrogen and the gas of low light pressure is ionized into energy electrons, high energy ions and high energy neutral atoms by the action of the electric field under a definite temperature and the time of the heat preservation
等離子滲氮是利用輝光放電形成等離子體在金屬表面，熱處理方面的應用，滲氮是強化金屬表面的一種熱處理方法，是將金屬零件置於活性氮的介質中，在一定溫度和保溫時間下，低光壓氣體在電場作用下使之電離產生能電子、高能離子和高能中性原子。( 3 ) negative electricity, radius, complex numbers, electrical values of ions, maturity of weathering profiles, distribution of elements in parent rocks, medium conditions, absorption of clay minerals and organic matters are important factors controlling geochemical behavior of elements during black shales weathering
（ 3 ）電負性、離子半徑、配位數、電價、剖面發育程度、元素在母巖中的分佈、介質條件、粘土礦物和有機質吸附作用等是影響黑色頁巖風化過程中元素行為的重要因素。Using the microwave selective heating property for materials, by setup equivalent equation, and first time inducing the electromagnetic field perturbation theory to the design of heating materials for substrate in mpcvd, three temperature distribution modes were established, including temperature distribution comprehensive mode of inhomogeneous plasma, temperature distribution composite mode of composite substrate materials, temperature distribution perturbation mode of composite materials, which ii provided an whole new technology route to the design of substrate heating system in mpcvd and guided the preparation of heating materials for substrate. and then the heating materials for substrate were designed and optimized to obtain large area homogeneous temperature distribution even larger than substrate holder ' s diameter. as an important part, this thesis researched the nucleation and growth of diamond films in mpcvd, systematically researched the effects of substrate pretreatment, methane concentration, deposition pressure and substrate temperature etc experimental technologic parameters on diamond films " quality on ( 100 ) single crystal silicon substrate in the process of mpcvd, characterized the films qualities in laser raman spectra ( raman ), x - ray diffraction ( xrd ), scanning electron microscopy ( sem ), infrared transmission spectra ( ir ), atomic force microscopy ( afm ), determined the optimum parameters for mpcvd high quality diamond in the mpcvd - 4 mode system
該系統可通過沉積參數的精確控制，以控制沉積過程，減少金剛石膜生長過程中的缺陷，並採用光纖光譜儀檢測分析等離子體的可見光光譜以監測微波等離體化學氣相沉積過程；利用微波對材料的選擇加熱特性，通過構造等效方程，並首次將電磁場攝動理論引入到mpcvd的基片加熱材料的設計中，建立了非均勻等離子體溫度場綜合模型、復合介質基片材料的復合溫度場模型及復合介質材料溫度場攝動模型，為mpcvd的基片加熱系統設計提供了一條全新的技術路線以指導基片加熱材料的制備，並對基片加熱材料進行了設計和優選，以獲取大面積均勻的溫度場區，甚至獲得大於基片臺尺寸的均勻溫度區；作為研究重點之一，開展了微波等離體化學氣相沉積金剛石的成核與生長研究，系統地研究了在（ 100 ）單晶硅基片上mpcvd沉積金剛石膜的實驗過程中，基片預處理、甲烷濃度、沉積氣壓、基體溫度等不同實驗工藝參數對金剛石薄膜質量的影響，分別用raman光譜、 x射線衍射（ xrd ） 、掃描電鏡（ sem ） 、紅外透射光譜（ ir ） 、原子力顯微鏡（ afm ）對薄膜進行了表徵，確立了該系統上mpcvd金剛石膜的最佳的實驗工藝參數。This article introduces the development and characteristic of dye - sensitized solar cell, points out poor stability would be obstacle for its production, summarizes its components which would improve its stability, such as : solid electrolyte, ionic liquid, inorganic sensitized dye, composite transparent conducting film and sealing of cells, discusses the prospects for application of dye - sensitized solar cells
摘要介紹了色素增感太陽能電池的發展及特點，指出穩定性差將是實現產業化的一個發展瓶頸；對提高穩定性的組成部分如：固體電解質、離子液體、無機增感色素、復合透明導電薄膜以及電池的封裝問題進行了綜述；對色素增感太陽能電池的應用前景作出了展望。Clusters are the aggregates of a few to thousands atoms or molecules or ions their properties are neither like those for individual atoms nor the corresponding bulk and therefore clusters are named " the fifth state of the matter ". during the development of cluster science, many concepts and methods have been introduced from nuclear physics, condense matter physics and quantum chemistry, cluster science has became an new interdisciplinary field between atomic - molecular physics and condensed matter physics
團簇（ clusters ）是由2 104個原子、分子或離子通過物理或化學結合力組成的相對穩定的微觀和亞微觀聚集體，它的空間尺度在幾a至幾百a范圍內，被人們看作是介於原子分子和宏觀固體之間物質結構的新層次，並稱之為物質的「第五態」 。Chapter 2 : the beam propagation of x - ray in an inhomogeneous plasma with a continuous varied refractive index is studied. we emphasize, theoretically and numerically, on the analysis of the effect of refractive index gradient on the beam parameters
第二章：研究了x射線激光光束在折射率連續變化的非均勻等離子體介質中的傳播，從理論和數值模擬上著重討論了折射率梯度效應對光束參數的影響。3. in order to show the fact that the - licrowave modulates the background plasma density and the density grating influences the propagation of the microwave in return, the dispersion relation of the dielectric cerenkov maser filled with plasma grating is derived when the modulation parameter is varied
三、為了反映等離子體被微波場調制從而形成密度周期性分佈的等離子體柵，反過來影響電磁波的傳播這一物理事實，在調制系數變化的情況下，從等離子體柵的等效模型出發，推導了等離子體柵填充的介質cerenkov脈塞的色散方程。Abstract : through leaching test about pollutant from fly ash in different media, we get the conclusions of some pollutants. on the basis of the above, this paper gives two mathematical models of density change about pollutant from fly ash in underground water
文摘:通過對不同介質條件下粉煤灰中污染離子的淋釋實驗，得出一些離子淋釋規律，在此基礎上，對粉煤灰中淋釋污染離子在地下水中的濃度變化從理論上給出兩種數學模型。A comparison of the optical and mechanical performance is made between with iad and without iad. the researched thin films includes monolayer thin films and multilayer thin films. 1. the research of monolayer thin films in the paper, three mololayer thin films - tio2 ta2o5 nb2o5 oxide dielectric thin films are studied
單層膜的研究研究的單層膜為tio _ 2 、 ta _ 2o _ 5 、 nb _ 2o _ 5等氧化物介質薄膜，對比研究了常規工藝下和離子輔助條件下它們的光學特性和機械特性。The experimental instruments, apparatus and the means to prepare all the samples are introduced in the first section. in section 2, the experimental system including the oxidization system and diffusion system, are introduced therein. in section 3, the samples preparation including the pre - deposition, redistribution and re - oxidization, the samples of b doping, and the fabrication of ga - diffusion transistor, b - diffusion and the transistor formed by b diffusion following ga diffusion are detailed therein, and the as - prepared samples are analyzed by sims, srp and four point probe
首先介紹了制備各種樣品所用的實驗儀器、設備與方法；第二節中介紹了實驗系統，包括氧化系統、擴散系統，第三節介紹了樣品的制備，包括ga的預沉積、再分佈、二次氧化樣品，擴硼樣品，以及擴嫁晶體管、擴硼晶體管和擴鐮后再補充擴硼晶體管的制備流程；實驗所得樣品，藉助二次離子質譜（ sims ） 、擴展電阻（ srp ） 、四探針薄層電阻等先進的測試分析方法進行分析。The selectivity and activity of enzyme in the reaction media, especially in ionic liquids and supercritical liquids was reviewed in the paper
文章以溶劑分類，探討溶劑，特別是引入新的反應介質離子液體和超臨界流體對酶催化活性和選擇性的影響。In recent years, interest has increased in using porous monolithic stationary phase media for high performance separations of inorganic and organic ions
摘要整體固定相是近年來新興的一種多孔性固定相介質，它在離子態及極性化合物的分離中得到了越來越廠泛的重視。4. investigation are made into preparations of thin gate - oxides for strained si channel mosfet ’ s using pecvd at 300 and low - temperature ( 700 ? 800 ) thermal oxidation, respectively
4 .分別對300 c下採用等離子體增強化學氣相淀積（ pecvd ）和700 ~ 800 c下採用熱氧化技術制備sigehmos器件柵介質薄膜進行了研究。The results indicate that, under the condition of charge discreteness, the equation for mesoscopic circuit is evident different with that of classical one, and the energy spectrum of the circuit are not only related with the circuit parameters, but also depended the quantization character of the charge
結果表明，在電荷離散的條件下，介觀迴路方程的形式與經典方程有顯著差別；介觀電路的能譜除與電路參數相關外，還明顯依賴于電荷量子化的性質。分享友人