international equilibrium 中文意思是什麼

Treating the book international trade theory by dixit and norman as a benchmark, this paper describes the three changes facing modern international trade theory, explores the comparative advantages of the dual general equilibrium approach in deepening the international trade theory, and shows the causes and process that this approach has been growing into a mainstream analytic paradigm from a special analytic technique

摘要本文以迪克西特與諾曼合著的《國際貿易理論》一書為參照，分析了現代貿易理論所面臨的三種挑戰，探討了對偶性一般均衡分析方法在應對這些實踐挑戰與深化國際貿易理論的比較優勢，並且揭示了對偶性一般均衡分析方法由一種特殊的分析技術成長為國際貿易研究中的主流分析範式的過程與原因。

Based on the economic globalization background, the economic function of government embodiment in : first, it is the base function, draw up the game regulation, regulates the quota of production on the clear limit, and improves the setup in marketplace ; secondly, macroscopic regulation and control function, maintain the all - up weight equilibrium, require inner place composition equilibrium and the enlargement ; third, are microcosmic dividers systems, resolves the problem of the out of order marketplace ; fourth, the international economic functions, draw up the international regulation, protection country economy security ; fourth, the international economic functions, draw up the international regulation, protection country economy security ; fifth, supporting the technique innovation function, advancing the country science and technology contest

摘要在經濟全球化背景下，政府的經濟職能體現在：一是基礎性職能，即制定游戲規則、明晰界定產權及完善市場體系；二是宏觀調控職能，即保持總量平衡、結構平衡及擴大內需；三是微觀規制，即解決市場失靈問題；四是國際性經濟職能，即制定國際規則、貿易談判及維護國家經濟安全；五是扶持技術創新職能，即完善國家創新體系，提升國家科技競爭力等。

As an very important variable in the international financial field, the exchange rate determines the inner equilibrium of an economy, and it ' s outer equilibrium as well

匯率是國際金融的一個重要變量，它不僅影響著一國經濟的對內均衡，也決定了一國經濟的對外均衡。

The new theoretical analytical framework is applied, in the analysis and decision - making in external economic environment, to the optimal plan of a interest - create and the equilibrium analysis in market structure, as well as the welfare policy choice related to international trade and international direct investment

把理論分析框架和分析方法應用於外部經濟環境的分析與決策、企業在創造利益驅動下的最優方案、市場結構中的均衡分析以及與國際貿易和國際直接投資相關的並且有益於社會福利增加的政策選擇。

However, excessive tax competition may weaken the effectiveness of the tax incentives, hence incuring welfare loss ; ( ii ) in a non - cooperation tax competition equilibrium, it turns out that tax rates are set too low to fiance an efficient level of public expenditure, especially lowers the provision of the public goods benefiting residents ; ( iii ) competition for capital means the revenue from capital income taxation declines. in order to maintain the necessary public expenditure, the government would shift tax burden towards the more immobile labor, which may arouse the inequity issues on redistribution. chapter 3 : " the strategy of international tax competition and optimal capital taxation.

但過度的稅收競爭反而會減弱稅收激勵政策的有效性，降低一國福利水平；其二，在非合作均衡狀態下，國際稅收競爭使所有國家的資本課稅都維持在缺乏效率的低稅率狀態，從而不能獲取足夠的財政收入，導致公共產品提供不足；其三，旨在吸引資本流入的稅收競爭，普遍降低了對資本所得的課稅，但政府為了獲取足夠的財政收入以維持正常的支出，會將本來由資本承擔的一部分稅負轉移到流動性較弱的勞動力身上。

One is increasing the corn demand another is decreasing supply and the other is combining the increase demand with decrease supply. the former ways lead to the price in higher level and the macro - control measures are invalidity. it is impossible to achieve and it is an unstable equilibrium. but the corn price is a little higher than the international corn price by the third way

前兩種途徑使玉米的市場價格仍維持在目前的價格水平上，宏觀調控措施單一，是不太可能實現的，是一種不穩定的均衡；而第三種途徑使玉米市場的價格略高於國際市場均衡價格，政府宏觀調控空間增大，是可能實現的，也是一種較為穩定的均衡。

Because of last a century industry revolution is with the technology creative since behave type history precept for educating the glorious material civilization of with spiritual civilization, again making the nature ecosystem the environment suffering the bigness wound ; face with the large quantity that economic development mode consume the nature resources, break the ecosystem environment to price to give the our country small town developments of a nice bit of inside the negative influence that bring before, if over - emphasize in the moment economic " performance ", the regardless of farsighted ecosystem is equilibrium, and escape from to be the ground seriously economy, culture foundation with same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; with the same mode of term, blindness mimicry of nature geography, because of but cause the native special features and traditional culture to lose, image one, thousand an etc. of cities ; people who reply 21 century pursue the whole body heart the health the life style that develop relation towards publicly exist with movable environment request more and more of high and rigorous challenge, this lesson " inside small town environment design way of thinking research ", then " insist put can into practice keep on develop strategy, exactitude handle economy with population, resources, environment, improvement ecosystem environment with beautify to live the environment, improvement public facilities is with the social welfare facilities. found to produce the development hard, life wealthy with the leading that the good civilization of ecosystem develop the road " for total thought, then " unify programming, reasonable layout, is proper because of the ground system, each have special features, protect farmland, beautify environment, synthesize development, kit developments " for the basic way, regarding related research result of domestic and international expert ' s scholar as draw lessons from, then " create to set up clean, beautiful, quite and public environment, outstanding character image, expand the region ecosystem the vogue, and promote the economic society and environment can keep on developing, and realize the economy develop to win with environmental protection double " for design the target

鑒于上一世紀產業革命和科技創新既為人類造就出輝煌物質文明和精神文明，又使自然生態環境遭受到巨大創傷的歷史教訓；面臨以往以大量消耗自然資源、破壞生態環境為代價的經濟發展模式給我國相當多的中小城鎮建設帶來的負面影響，如偏重眼前經濟「效益」 ，不顧長遠生態平衡，嚴重脫離當地經濟、文化基礎和自然地理條件，盲目模仿同一模式，因而導致本土特色與傳統文化喪失，形象單一，千城一面等；應對21世紀人們追求全身心健康發展的生活方式對公共生存與活動環境要求越來越高的嚴峻挑戰，本課題「中小城鎮環境設計思路研究」 ，以「堅持實施可持續發展戰略，正確處理經濟同人口、資源、環境的關系，改善生態環境和美化生活環境，改善公共設施和社會福利設施。努力開創生產發展、生活富裕和生態良好的文明發展道路」為總的指導思想，以「統一規劃、合理布局、因地制宜、各具特色、保護耕地、優化環境、綜合開發、配套建設」為根本方針，以國內外專家學者相關研究成果為借鑒，以「創建清潔、優美、寧靜的公共環境，突出個性形象，弘揚地域生態風尚，促進經濟社會與環境可持續發展，實現經濟發展與環境保護雙贏」為設計目標。並緊緊圍繞這一目標對中小城鎮的街區環境設計、建築特色設計、建築形象設計、自然環境設計、藝術形象設計、廣場景觀設計、住宅小區設計、生態環境設計、文化建設以及總體環境設計的定位等，展開了具體的思路研究與探討。

Bearing the hope and the care under vivid development of chinese manufacturing industry, combining international design resources as well as from domestic, in possession of senior designers who exprienced in all sort of manufactures for years, and with its excellent equilibrium sence, our designer group can meet the requirements for different customers from different markets

公司承載著中國製造業蓬勃發展的希望和厚愛，整合了國際化與本土化設計資源，擁有一群多年為各類製造企業打拚的資深設計師，這使我們的設計團隊具有極佳的平衡性，能滿足不同市場、不同客戶的設計需求。

In view the situation of lower than international average level of tanker investment in china, the author by introducing the game theory into the investment decision - making procedure, analyzes various equilibrium states of government and corporate behaviors

油輪投資政策從政策目標的確定到政策工具的選擇，從政策的實施到政策效應及政策調整，實際上是政策制定者與政策作用對象行為互相作用和理性決策的結果，是一個動態的博弈過程。

According to the requirements of amendments to the international convention for the safety of life at sea, 1974 ( solas, 1974 ) - safety measures for bulk carriers and the regulations on subdivision and damage stability of cargo ships, the condition of equilibrium and subdivision index after the foremost cargo hold flooded for five bulk carriers are calculated and checked ; the cause that do not satisfy the requirements is analyzed and the reconstructing measures and suggestions for designing a new ship are given in this paper

根據solas修正案散貨船的安全措施及貨船分艙和破艙穩性的各項條款的要求，計算並校核了五條散貨船第一貨艙破損進水后的平衡狀態和船舶分艙指數，分析了不滿足要求的原因，探討了具體的改造措施，提出了新船設計的建議

However, in the situation of incomplete international specialization the effect is uncertain. we also find that the increase of productivity in traditional sector does not necessarily improve the comparative advantage in this sector. moreover, we analyze two types of situations with multiple equilibria in which the economy can jump from a " traditional technology " to a " modern technology " equilibrium

基於上述理論，本文依次考察了自給自足、不完全國際分工和完全國際分工條件下發展中國家勞動分工水平的決定和演化，在「傳統部門」與「現代部門」的關系、發展中國家比較優勢的決定和經濟發展中的多重均衡等方面得出了一些新的結論。

We use the backward induction to work out the optimal equilibrium solution of optimal tariff game, at the same time, explain the importance of tariff among the international competition and trade punishment

在最優關稅博弈中採用逆推歸納法求出其最優均衡，同時解釋了關稅在國際競爭和貿易懲罰中的重要性。