optimal temperature 中文意思是什麼

Isolate all grew well in the culture medium with initial ph 4 - 10, the optimal growth temperature range was from 28 to 30. 5 degree c. it grew well on the medium for fungi growth, such as pda medium and czpek medium etc, and also grew well on the cause ' s i medium and the non - nitrogen medium, but little growth on the luria bertani medium ( lb ) and beef extract peptone medium. it did not need special nutrition factors for growth, but source of the carbon was the key factor to growth, all of its nutrition needs were different from that of common bacteria

該菌在初始ph4 - 10的培養基中都能夠生長，生長最適溫度范圍為28 - 30 . 5 ，在pda 、查氏等真菌培養基中生長旺盛，在高氏1號和無氮源培養基中同樣生長良好，而在lb與牛肉膏蛋白腖等細菌培養基中生長很差，碳源是其生長的關鍵因子，這有別於一般細菌的營養需求。

Seed culture conditions of bacillus licheniformis ts - 01 were firstly investigated. the results showed that the optimal growth temperature was 40 c ; the suitable seed culture medium was beef extract soya peptone medium ; the optimal initial ph was 7. 5 ; the optimal seed culture time was 13h ~ 14h

首先對地衣芽孢桿菌ts - 01的種子培養條件進行了研究，得到的結果為：最適生長溫度為40 ；較適合的種子培養基為牛肉膏大豆蛋白腖培養基；最適初始ph值為7 . 5 ；種齡為13h 14h 。

The effects of main process factors such as feeding mode, reaction ph values, and ratio of ammonia and nickel ion, reaction time, agitation, reaction temperature and aging et al on the crystallization course and physical properties of nickel hydroxide were studied in detail. at last, we acquired the optimal preparation parameters, the spherical nickel hydroxide with high tap density and crystalloid degree, perfect flow ability were prepared

在研究加料方式，氨水的加入量，反應時間、體系ph值、反應溫度、攪拌、陳化等主要工藝條件對ni （ oh ） _ 2結晶過程和物理性能影響的基礎上，確定了較優的工藝參數，制備出了堆積密度和結晶緻密程度較高、流動性較好的球形ni （ oh ） _ 2 。

Based on the analyses on mechanical properties, microstructure and fracture of - the microalloyed steels socrv with various heat treatment technique, it can be affirmed that various fractures arttribute to various mechanism, we can draw conclusion that the strength and toughness of microalloyed steels 50crv will be increase simultaneously by optimal heat treatment technique. to illustrate the mechanism of the strength and toughness of microalloyed steels socrv, we designed the comparative experiment and observed the microstructure of the sample which occurred at different quench and tempering temperature and different tempering time. the last experiment results were determined by the four factors : fined microalloyed elements grains, the decompound of martensite, martensite transformation of remnant austenite and the second phase precipitation

為解釋微合金化50crv鋼強韌化機理，本文通過對不同淬火溫度，回火溫度，回火時間下的力學性能指標的對比及顯微分析，認為微合金元素的細化晶粒，馬氏體的回火分解，殘余奧氏體的轉變，第二相的沉澱析出共同決定了微合金鋼的強韌化情況，特別是由於微合金元素的存在，其細化晶粒及其碳氮化物的沉澱析出，導致鋼的良好的強韌性，並且如果工藝滿足第二相的沉澱析出強化大於回火馬氏體分解引起的軟化效應，會在硬度曲線中產生明顯的二次硬化現象。

When the specimens are deformed in a long time at the optimal superplastic deformation condition, the microstructure is coarsened sharply. if the deformation time is shortened properly or the deformation temperature is decreased appropriately or strain rate is increased, homogeneous and fine equiaxed crystal microstructure can be obtained

在最佳超塑性條件下長時間變形時，合金顯微組織將發生明顯粗化，適當縮短變形時間、或適當降低超塑變形溫度及提高應變速率，可得到均勻細小的等軸組織。

In recent years, the water - saving and control irrigation technique of rice has diverted from plot experimental and demonstration to lare scale. and has got remarkable economic and social benefits. amed at the characteristics of this irrigation area, optimal selection for water - saving techniques of rice, deciding the amout of leaching water and irrigation modles, investigating the adaptability of the water - saving and control irrigation technique in saline land. studying the increase in production mechanism of the technique are important to extend the technique, to better and develop saline land as well as slick spots. according to the results of field experiments, optimization study was conducted on the water - saving irrigation technique of rice in saline land, the effects of different water - saving irrigation techniques on the physiological indexes and yield of rice were systematically analyzed. by using mutiplepurpose fuzzy optimization method, better. water - saving irrigation technique was selector out, that is. the control irrigation technique in rice. the mechanism of it was analyzed from the aspect of the physiological and ecological saving water of rice to provide the implemental process and technical point ; throgh the quantitive analysis and comparision on control irrigation and control class ( flood irrigation ), high production and quality mechanism of the technique was analyzed in terms of physiology indexes of rice, the variation of soil moisture, the pest resistance and the lodge resistance, the change of soil temperature in paddy fields. the yield constitutive factors, the quality of rice and so on. in saline land. control irrigation and intermittent leaching modles were adopted to validate the adaptability of the technique in irrigation of rice in saline land, to analyze rice ' s physiological - ecological indexes and the change of soil salt content under the conditions of control irrigation leaching of rice and and to provide control irrigation and combined modle of intermittent leaching to adapt to different conditions

本文從試驗及試驗資料入手，取得以下主要成果和結論：對鹽堿地水稻節水灌溉技術進行優化研究，系統地分析了不同節水灌溉技術對水稻生理指標及產量的影響，採用了多目標模糊優化的方法，對灌水技術進行綜合評判，優選了節水灌溉技術，論證該地區宜採用水稻控制灌溉技術；闡述控灌技術通過調節和控制水稻的需水規律，降低水稻高產情況下的無效水量消耗，從水稻生理、生態節水兩方面分析了控灌技術節水機理，針對性地總結出水稻各生育期實施節水控灌技術的步驟及技術要點；通過控灌與淹灌的定量對照比較，從根系、莖蘗、冠層葉片及綠葉動態到株高，土壤水分變化，抗病蟲害、抗倒伏能力，稻田土溫變化，產量構成因素及稻米品質等諸多方面進行動態比較，分析控灌技術高產優質機理；在鹽堿稻地採用控制灌溉+間歇淋洗模式，跟蹤測試田間水鹽變化狀況，驗證控制灌溉技術在鹽堿地區水稻灌溉中應用的適應性，通過分析水稻控制灌溉淋洗條件下水稻生理生態指標，提出優化控制灌溉+間歇淋洗組合模式，為進一步在高礦化度地區試驗水稻控灌技術奠定基礎。

Both the two phytase had a optimal temperature and ph at 60 ? and ph 4. 5 except the baculovirus derived phytase seemed to be more thermostable

兩個表達系統中表達的重組appa植酸酶的最適溫度與最適ph一致，分別為60與ph4 . 5 。

The recombinants were constructed by transforming ppic9 a - xynb into p. pastoris gs115. the assay results revealed that the xylanase gene xynb was overexpressed and secreted effectually in p. pastoris. in 3l fermentor the expression level of xylanase xynba exceeded 1200iu / ml and the expressed xylanase had normal bioactivity. the molecule weight of xynba was determined as about 31kd which is higher than 23kd of original enzyme xynb from streptomyces olivaceoviridis a1. xynbb was gotten by deglycasylation of xynba, whose molecule weight returned to 23kd. we comparised the enzymatic properties of xynba expressed in p. pastoris, xynbb deglycasylated from xynba and xynb produced from streptomyces olivaceoviridis al : there was little difference among the three enzymes on optimal ph, the optimal ph of xynb and xynba were both 5. 2, the optimal ph of xynbb was 5. 0 ; the optimal temperature of xynb and xynba were both 60 c, while the optimal temperature of xynbb was 50 ? ; because of glycosylation the thermal stability of xynba was better than xynb and xynbb ; the specific activity of xynba and xynbb were 883. 88iu / mg and 832. 5hu / mg respectively, which were both lower than 2814. 45iu / mg of xynb ; the km values of xynb and xynba were similar to each other which were 21. 56 ( g / kg ) and 20. 87 ( g / kg ), while the km value of xynbb was 27. 10 ( g / kg ) ; the fmax of xynba and xynbb were 4568umol / mg. min and 5329umol / mg. min respectively which were lower than 27623 umol / mg. min of xynb ; additionally all of the three enzymes did not display cellulase activity. they all had well resistance to pepsion and trypsin, and were not sensitive to metal iron, surface active agent and chelating agent. the analysis of different xylans enzymatic hydrolysate revealed : by xynba, that the main constitutions of enzymatic hydrolysate of birch wood xylans were xylotriose and xyloquaiose, which account for 68. 43 % and 16. 50 % respectively, additionally there was 11. 79 % of xylobiose ; the main constitutions of enzymatic hydrolysate of corncobs xylans were xylobiose and xylotriose, which account for 81. 78 % and 11. 55 %. the result indicated that this xylanase was a kind of 1, 4 - b - d - xylanohydrolase and was fit to used in industrial procession of xylooligosacc harides

進一步對xynba進行了脫糖基化處理得到xynbb ，其分子量恢復到23kd ，證明xynba是糖基化蛋白。通過對畢赤酵母重組表達的木聚糖酶xynba 、脫糖基化的木聚糖酶xynbb以及橄欖綠鏈黴菌a1所產原酶xynb之間酶學性質的比較發現：三種酶的最適ph差異不大， xynb和xynba均為5 . 2 ， xynbb為5 . 0 ； xynb和xynba的最適溫度均為60 ， xynbb降為50 ：在耐熱性上， xynba由於糖基化作用熱穩定性明顯高於未糖基化的xynb和xynbb ； xynba和xynbb的比活性分別為883 . 88iu mg和832 . 51iu mg ，明顯低於原酶的比活2814 . 45iu mg ； xynb和xynba的km值相當，分別為21 . 56 （ g kg ）和20 . 87 （ g kg ） ，而xynbb的km值較大為27 . 10 （ g kg ） ； xynba和xynbb的vmax相差不大，分別為4568 mol mg ? min和5329 mol mg ? min ，明顯低於xynb的27623 mol mg ? min此外三種酶均無纖維素酶活性，對胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶有很好的抗性，且對作用環境中的各種離子、表面活性劑、螯合劑不敏感。通過對不同木聚糖的酶解產物的糖份分析發現：以樺木木聚糖為底物時，酶解產物主要為木三糖和木四糖，含量分別為68 . 43和16 . 50 ，另外還含有11 . 79的木二糖；以玉米芯木聚糖為底物時，酶解產物主要為木二糖和木三糖，含量分別為81 . 78和11 . 55 。

The results show that the optimal temperature for the hypha growth, hypa color turned, and stroma differentiation is 22. 7, 20. 2 and 18. 1, respectively, and the appropriate temperature for the hypha and stroma growth under artificial culture is 15 - 18 and 14 - 17, respectively

結果表明，蛹蟲草菌絲生長速率最大時的環境溫度為22 . 7 ，轉色的最佳溫度為20 . 2 ，子座分化的最佳溫度為18 . 1 ；在人工栽培時，適宜的發菌溫度為15 ~ 18 ，子座生長的適宜溫度為14 ~ 17 。

Its optimal ph is 7. 0 and optimal temperature is 28 " c. after 72 hours of inoculation in a inorganic salt medium amended with 200mg / l map and shaking ( 150rpm / min ) at 28 ' c, 72. 5 % map was degraded

在以甲胺磷（甲胺磷濃度為200mg l ）為唯一碳源的無機鹽培養基中搖床（ 28 ， 150r min ， ）培養72h ，測得降解率為72 . 5 。

The introduction of functionally graded materials in the research course of thermoelectrics can greatly improve the optimal temperature range of thermoelectric materials and conversion efficiency of a thermoelectric device

在熱電材料研究的過程中，梯度材料概念的引入可以使熱電材料的性能與使用溫度得到最佳匹配，同時，可望使熱電系統的轉換效率得到大幅度提高。

The optimal temperature, the optimal ph value and the optimal substrate ( l - aspartic acid ) concentration for the enzymatic reaction by adl were 40, 5. 0 and 66. 5 ~ 133g / l, respectively

對固定化細胞性質進行的初步研究發現，其最適溫度為40 ，最適ph為5 . 0 ，最適底物濃度范圍為66 . 5 133g l 。

The optimal temperature in production of paecilomyces farinosus

粉質擬青黴菌生產中的最佳溫度研究

Although the lipid - class composition is not significantly changed for the two conditions, the degree of saturation of fatty acids is greater for high temperature than optimal temperature plants

結果表明：高溫脅迫下，菜豆類囊體膜脂飽和度均提高，但耐熱菜豆品種類囊體膜脂飽和度提高幅度遠遠高於熱敏感菜豆品種。

As the reason of the roughness is given, it is found that the roughness can be reduced greatly to 256 nanometers by rising the temperature, and the optimal temperature rising is from 70 to 90

使用該平臺進行激光加工和機械臺鉆加工相比，加工速度大大增加，最高速度可達3m / min ，加工效率提高20倍以上。

The results show : ( 1 ) the light compensation point and light saturation point of s1 s2 and s3 were in range of 12 ~ 27 mol / m2 s and 180 ~ 360 mol / m2 s, respectively, and they changed with the irradiance. ( 2 ) both light compensation point and light saturation point of s1 were higher than those of s2 and 83, and s1 showed greater capability against high irradiance than s2 and s3. ( 3 ) the optimal temperature of the three strains were 25, 35 and 30, respectively, and they had temporal effect. ( 4 ) respiratory rate rose as the temperature rising, and at about 40, it reached the peak

結果表明： （ 1 ） s _ 1 、 s _ 2 、 s _ 3的光補償點和光飽和點的變化范圍分別為12 27 mol m ~ 2 ? s和144 360 mol m ~ 2 ? s ，二者可隨光照環境的變化而變化，其中s _ 1的光補償點和光飽和點均高於s _ 2和s _ 3 ，且表現出強于其餘兩個藻種的抵禦強光輻射的能力； （ 2 ）三個藻種的最適溫度分別為25 ， 35 ，和30 ，具有時間效應； （ 3 ）呼吸速率隨溫度的升高而升高，最大值出現在40附近；溫度低於25 ， s _ 1的光合速率最高，呼吸速率最低，表現出很強的低溫適應性； （ 4 ）螺旋藻的光合特性可隨光照環境的變化而變化，光強增強，可使螺旋藻的最適光照范圍增大，抵禦強輻射的能力增強； （ 5 ）螺旋藻受到溫度脅迫時，其最適光照范圍變窄，對光強的敏感性增加。

During november to december, the north limit of the distribution area moved southward, and in december, the distribution area seems to be confined to the area south of 34 n. euphausia pacifica can live in a wide temperature range in the east china sea and the yellow sea, from 6c to 22 - 23 c, but its optimal temperature was restricted to 9 - 12c

11一12月份，太平洋磷蝦在南黃海分介區的北界14 ）遷，到12幾份，叢本上分介於34 」 n以南。黃、東誨太平洋磷蝦的生活溫度范圍較廣，的低。 。

The enzyme is homologous dimmer with molecular mass 102600 as determined by gel filtration on hplc and subunit mass 52042 as determined by maldi - tof mass spectrometry. the optimal ph of d - hydantoinase is at near 9. 5 and the optimal temperature is at 45

通過對其生化性質的研究表明，其單體m _ r為52042 ，天然m _ r為102600 ，最適ph為ph9 . 5 ，最適溫度為45 ，不同的二價金屬離子對酶活性有不同的影響。

Performs the optimization with finite time thermodynamic analysis and obtains the allocation of heat exchanger area for double - stage coupling heat pump systems that maximize the objective function, and the analytical expressions about the optimal temperature of working fluids, the minimum total heat exchanger area and the minimum power input

摘要應用有限時間熱力學理論對雙級耦合熱泵供暖系統換熱器面積進行優化，得到了系統供熱系數最優時的最佳傳熱面積分配，最佳工質工作溫度、最小總傳熱面積以及最小輸入功率的解析式。

The whole process of sealing technique was introduced in this paper and the optimal temperature program of sealing was gotten

在本文中，介紹了封接的整個工藝流程，並得到了最佳封接溫度曲線。