pre-estimate 中文意思是什麼

pre-estimate 解釋
vt. 及物動詞 預測，預估，預算。
n. 名詞 預測，預估，預算。

  • estimate : vt 1 估計，估算；估價；估量。2 評價，評斷。3 〈古語〉尊重。vi 估計，估價。n 1 估計;預測；〈英國〉...
  1. The painting almost doubled its pre - sale estimate, putting it within touching distance of the highest price paid for any artwork sold at auction, picasso ' s garcon la pipe, which went for more than $ 104m in may 2004

    該畫作幾乎將此前估價翻了兩倍，使之與藝術品拍出的最高價相差無幾? ?畢加索的《拿煙斗的男孩》在2004年5月以超過1 . 04億美元的價格賣出。
  2. Among the highlights is " the uncommercial traveller " ( 1861 ), inscribed by dickens to novelist george eliot. its pre - sale estimate is $ 100, 000 to $ 150, 000

    在那些引人注目的拍賣品中，由狄更斯提寫送給小說家喬治.艾略特的《不做生意的旅行者》 （ 1861 ）一書的售前估價為10 - 15萬美元之間。
  3. Article 21. a pre - tender estimate shall be subject to the examination and approval of an institutional body for bidding and tendering

    第二十一條標底必須報經招標投標辦事機構審定。
  4. The model can be used to pre - estimate braking ability and direction stability of vehicles in the early days of design, shorten the periods of research and development

    可以利用所建模型在汽車設計初期對其制動性和操縱穩定性進行預測和有關指標的評價，縮短研發周期。
  5. Audrey hepburn in the black garment in breakfast at tiffany ' s. the price, paid by a telephone bidder, was almost six times the highest pre - sale estimate

    一名通過電話競拍的買主以拍前最高估價近6倍的價格將其買下。
  6. Only one pre - tender estimate shall be prepared per project

    （五）一個工程只能編制一個標底。
  7. This classification is exceedingly convenient to pre - estimate the medium short tunnel gushing in this area, which provided an effective guide for the design and construction of tianchan 2 grade special purpose highway in gansu province

    隧道涌水類型劃分對該地區中短隧道涌水預測極為方便，為甘肅省天?二級汽車專用公路設計與施工提供了有效指導。
  8. Where the estimate of the discount rate is based on the post - tax factors, it shall be adjusted to the pre - tax discount rate

    如果用於估計折現率的基礎是稅后的，應當將其調整為稅前的折現率。
  9. ( 3 ) the pre - warning scheme for dam group safety is studied : the constitutes and frame of dam group safety pre - warning are discussed, the dam group safety monitoring information analysis & estimate model safety pre - warning indexes and mode on condition of remote network are researched, and corresponding frame and realization method are put forwarded ; aiming at " emphasizing pre - warning, but making light of pre - scheme " in dam safety management at present, the treatment pleasure pre - scheme and corresponding decision support model for dam group abnormity and risk are analyzed and researched

    （ 3 ）研究了大壩安全預警方案：探討了大壩群安全預警系統的構成和框架；研究了遠程網路條件下大壩群安全監控中的信息分析評價模型；安全預警的指標及模式，提出了相應框架及實現方法；針對目前重預警輕預案的特點，分析研究了異常和險情處理措施、預案及相應決策支持模塊。 （ 4 ）以福建省大壩群安全監控遠程網路系統為例，研究了系統開發的思路、具體框架以及部分實現細節。
  10. In this paper the shortcomings of the constant impedance control method has been analyzed, in accordance with efa system " s characteristics, requests of design and developing direction of efa control system an intelligent control method has been proposed. based neural network the model of the efa is established, which can pre - estimate the echo of control variable of efa. by analyzing the result of pre - estimate the control variable can then be adjusted in real time

    本文分析了電弧爐恆阻抗控制存在的不足，在此基礎上針對系統的特點和控制要求，參考國內外電弧爐控制的研究發展方向，提出了一種基於神經網路的電弧爐控制方法，即利用神經網路建立電弧爐模型，並對系統的響應進行預估，將對預估值和期望值進行比較計算並對實際控制量進行校正。
  11. Adjusted results for the fourth quarter of 2003 exclude a pre - tax gain of us $ 28 million on the redemption of long - term debt and a credit to income tax expense of us $ 39 million. our previous estimate of gaap earnings for the 2004 fourth quarter of us $ 0. 84 to us $ 0. 87 per diluted share included higher net tax credits than were realized

    我們早前估計，按照美國公認會計原則（ gaap ）呈報的盈利計算，二零零四年第四季攤薄后每股盈利介乎零點八四至零點八七，其中包括較我們預期為高的稅款抵免凈額。
  12. Sotheby ' s sale of 1, 303 items after the death of former first lady jacqueline kennedy onassis fetched nearly $ 34. 5 million, after a pre - sale estimate of $ 5 million

    蘇達比拍賣行曾在前第一夫人傑奎琳?肯尼迪?奧納西斯去世后拍賣了她的1303件個人物品，拍賣前的估價約為500萬美元，而最後的總收益達到將近3450萬美元。
  13. The relationship between resistance and fatigue damage has been studied and theoretical expressions have been obtained. based on the expressions and the data obtained from the fatigue experiment on 45 steel, a numerical model is deduced to estimate the fatigue accumulation of steel and pre - estimate the lifetime of steel. whether the resistivity changes or not, the theoretical calculation results is almost the same as the experiment results

    在忽略電阻率變化和考慮電阻率變化的條件下，以針對最常見的45號鋼進行的高周疲勞試驗得到的結果為基礎，給出理論分析，建立了可以反映損傷累積和預測試件壽命的數值模型，並以此模型與前人所作的試驗進行比較，結果兩者吻合得很好。
  14. The greater predictability comes from applying a pre - determined, fixed fee rate to an estimate of the time - weighted amount of fiscal reserves placed with the exchange fund during the year

    收入較容易預測，是因為新安排下的費用是按預先釐定的固定比率乘以有關年度存放于外匯基金的財政儲備的估計數額經時間加權來計算。
  15. Based on unified strength theory, the boundary line equation of surrounding rock mass plastic zone under non - uniform stress field was deduced, and it can be used to pre - estimate the dimensions and shapes of underground tunnel ' s plastic zone with different coefficients of horizontal pressure

    摘要基於統一強度理論，推導出非均勻應力場的巷道圍巖塑性區邊界線方程式，可用於預測不同側壓系數時地下深埋隧洞的塑性區大小及形狀。
  16. So adopting routine pid adjusting is very difficult actually to satisfy the need, even smith pre - estimate control and dahlin arithmetic are adoped, the exact mathematic model of controlled object should be known too, therefor it is not easy to obtain perfect control effect

    因此，採用常規的pid調節，其實際控制效果很難滿足要求，即使使用smith預估控制和dahlin演算法，同樣需要知道被控對象的精確數學模型，所以也很難取得良好的控制效果。
  17. A stradivari violin sold for just over two million dollars at auction in new york, smashing the previous world record for a musical instrument. the violin made by antonio stradivari in 1699, the year before his golden period, was sold by christie s for 2, 032, 000 dollars, far above its pre - sale high estimate of 1. 2 million dollars

    22日，這把名為「 lady tennant 」的小提琴在紐約佳士得拍賣行拍出了203 . 2萬美元的高價，而此前這把小提琴的預計拍賣價則在80萬美元到120萬美元之間。
  18. The price, paid by a telephone bidder, was almost six times the highest pre - sale estimate

    一名通過電話競拍的買主以拍前最高估價近6倍的價格將其買下。
  19. The price, paid by a telephone bidder, was almost six times the highest pre - sale estimate. the iconic garment had been expected to fetch between 98, 000 and 138, 000 as part of a sale of film and television at christie ' s auction house in london

    這件標志性的戲服是倫敦克里斯蒂拍賣行所拍的眾多經典影視紀念品中的一件，其拍前估價在9 . 8萬至13 . 8萬美元之間。
  20. Based on this, the general fuzzy control method of heating system is improved, the dissertation present the strategy that fuzzy control combine with smith pre - estimate controller to compose fuzzy - smith pre - estimate control system

    以該模型為基礎，對溫室加溫系統的常規模糊控制手段進行了改進，提出了將smith預估補償跟模糊控制相結合，組成模糊smith預估補償控制系統的方案。
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