政府機制改革 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhèngfǔjīzhìgǎigé]
政府機制改革 英文
the reorganization of the government institutions
  • 政 : 名詞1 （政治） politics; political affairs 2 （國家某一部門主管的業務） certain administrative as...
  • 府 : 名詞1 （國家政權機關） government office; seat of government 2 （舊時稱大官貴族的住宅; 現稱國家元...
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 改 : Ⅰ動詞1 （改變） change; transform 2 （修改） revise; alter; modify 3 （改正） rectify; correct 4 ...
  • 革 : 革形容詞[書面語] （危急） critical; dangerous
  • 政府 : government
  • 機制 : 1 （機器製造或加工的） machine processed; machine made 2 （機器的構造和工作原理; 有機體的構造、功...
  • 改革 : reform; reformation
  1. This essay mainly deals with wto ' s rules on governments " activities, local governments " function in the economic development and wto ' s requirement and challenge on local governments. it analyzes 4 aspects of our local governments " admistration that are in disaccord with wto ' s rules through many facts and offers 4 strategies - - - - to quicken the reform on local governments " system and to alter local governments " function ; to adapt more transparent policies, to regulate the administrative process and to make necessary amendments to the executive bodies ; to improve our policies and to perfect the law system so as to support the legal administration ; to improve governments management and to educate a new administration faculty. the analysis offers some guiding ideas to the local governments facing a new wto era

    本文概述了wto規則中規范政府行為的主要原則，全面闡述了加入wto后，地方政府在經濟發展中應發揮的作用以及wto規則對地方政府的要求和挑戰，從分析我國地方政府不適應wto規則的四個方面的表現入手，列舉了大量的事實材料，有針對性地提出了地方政府如何適應wto規則要求的四個對策? ?加快地方政府機構改革，實現地方政府職能的徹底轉變：執行透明度制度，規范行政程序，健全行政執行機構；優化政策環境，完善法律體系，為法制行政提供製度保障；提高政府管理能力，培養全新管理人才。
  2. After entry of wto, there are still many maladjustments in guangxi ' s seed industry, such as the weak foundation of sees industry development ; the unformed market of the seed industry for fair competition ; small - scale seed enterprises ; no systematic connection among the cultivation, breeding and marketing ; lower qualification of staff who work in the seed industry and with weak sense of laws, and lack of the knowledge in operating experiences in the international market and trade etc. yet the un - efficiency system, unclear property right in enterprises, the lack of an effective mechanism to promote the rational use of resources in the seed industry and the lack of such concept as " the government creates environment and enterprises create fortune " are the deep - seated causes of the problems in guangxi ' s seed industry. therefore, the key points for promoting development of guangxi ' s seed industry under the wto framework are to focus on the promotion of the developing capability of seeds " integrated products, constantly deepen reforms, to adjust various relevant factors in the system of the seed industry which is inconsistent with each other, and to establish a new - pattern system with evident characteristics of the time spirit in order to meet the requirements of the market economy. hereinto, the specific strategies and measures for promotion of guangxi ' s seed industry development under the wto framework include kee ping up reform and innovation of the system of the seed industry, executing of non - nationalization reform in state - owned seed enterprises, formulating and executing relevant supporting policies, the improving the legal system in the seed industry, increasing public financial support on the seed industry, promoting the integration of cultivation, breeding and marketing, strengthening human resource development, developing the main body of the seed industry ' s market and making proper conditions for the functions of seed associations in the seed industry development etc

    研究結果認為：發展種子產業應該把著眼點放在促進種子整體產品的開發上；種子產業的發展依賴于能充分發揮整體功能的新型種業體系的構建，而目前廣西種業體系中的品種選育、種子生產加工、種子經營以及政府管理、公共支持和社會服務六個主要組成部分都存在明顯的缺陷與不足；廣西種子企業綜合競爭力總體處于較弱水平；面對wto ，廣西種子產業仍有諸多的不適應，突出表現在產業發展基礎薄弱、尚未形成可以公平競爭的種業市場、種子企業規模小、育繁銷脫節、種業人才素質不高、種子企業法律意識淡薄、國際市場運作經驗和國際貿易知識不足等多個方面，而體制不順、企業產權不明晰、缺乏促進種業資源合理流動的有效機制以及「政府創造環境，企業創造財富」的正確理念正是導致目前廣西種子產業不能適應入世需要的深層次原因；因此，以提升種子整體產品開發能力為核心，不斷深化改革，調整種業體系中不相協調的各有關因素，構建起符合市場經濟體制要求的具有鮮明時代特徵的新型種業體系，是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展必須堅持的指導思想；其中，加快種業體制改革和創新、實施對國有種子企業的非國有化改造、制訂落實有關扶持政策、完善種子法律法規體系、加大公共財政對種子產業的支持力度、推進育繁銷一體化的形成、加強人才培養與引進、壯大種業市場主體、實行重點突破戰略、發揮種子行業協會作用等等，都是wto框架下加快廣西種子產業發展應該採取的具體對策措施。
  3. The success of this reform related to the whole process of the public administration reform and related to the process of our modern democracy construction. the problems of public institutions are mainly lie in the following facts : the government is the sponsor of most of the public institutions ; there are obvious overlapped layouts, as well as ignescent interior mechanism and rather severe official - post orientation

    通過改革把事業單位從政府機關脫離出來，成為市場經濟體制下自負盈虧的法人實體，在非盈利的事業單位實行聘用制，並逐步完善事業單位的崗位管理制度，同時改革事業單位的收入分配製度，建設高素質的專業技術人才隊伍。
  4. The second part analyses the resistance during the reform program which mainly arising from the following aspectsrthe ideological obstacle on the reformation ; the difficulties on the function transition of the local govemment ; the inconvertible vested interest of the local government ; the legal system of administrative organizations is not in perfect condition ; lack of authorized restrictive mechanism ; the limit maneuver of people diversion ; social welfare system reform and other auxiliary reforms are backward

    第二部分分析了市縣鄉政府機構改革的阻力。即在市縣鄉政府機構改革問題上存在著思想障礙；職能轉換難；部門利益化的阻礙；行政組織法制不健全，缺乏權威有效的制約機制；人員分流的迴旋餘地小；社會保障制度改革和其它配套改革滯后等。
  5. In this paper, we analyse the conception and theory basis of corporation governance structure, then point out there are still some problems in state - owned enterpise after the reformation of stock company such as irrationality of stock right structure, default of state stockholder, serious government action of advanced governors ' selection, distemperedness of advanced governors ' prompting and restriction mechanism and nominal borad of supervisors, then put forward some relevant resolving measure, which include stock right decentralization, perfect stockholder conference, form and develop enterpriser procession, establish effective advanced governors ' prompting and restriction mechanism, strengthen construction of board of supervisors

    分析了法人治理結構的涵義及理論基礎，進而指出國有企業股份制改革后法人治理結構中仍然存在股權結構不合理、國家股所有者缺位、高層人員選擇的嚴重政府行為、高層人員的激勵和約束機制不健全、監事會形同虛設等問題，並相應提出了實現股權多元化、完善股東大會、形成和發展企業家隊伍、建立有效的高層激勵和約束機制、加強監事會建設的解決措施。
  6. The three of them are tightly connected. in a long term, the viewpoints of public management field talk about government framework reform and system reform so much, but few of them talk about government management system and the function of it, local governments focus on weighing achievements of government management, ignoring weighing the result of achievements of government management. obviously, the core of achievements of government management ’ s problem is the factors which have effects on achievements of government management and the result caused by government manages society

    長期以來，國內公共管理領域的著作和觀點中，談政府機構改革、政府體制改革等方面的很多，談政府管理制度及其運行分析方面的問題較少，談政府績效管理的制度、戰略和方法的較多，談政府定位及其職能的結構及其運行方面的問題較少，各地政府在探索提高政府管理績效的路徑上往往只關注政府公共管理行為的過程（政府績效管理衡量） ，忽視政府管理績效的結果衡量，在衡量體系的設計上突出經濟指標，實踐性與實際存在的問題嚴重脫節。
  7. Abstract : the people ' s congressional system is an important content of the socialism with the chinese characteristic. the people ' s congress is the highest power department in china, and the people ' s government is the executive department of the administration power. the status and effect on supervision and inspection of the main power body should be embodied sufficiently in the realtionship between the congress and the government, and the power executer ' s obligation for responsibility and report should be carried out fully. three relationships should be paid enough attention to about the innovation of the political system. first, to correct the position of the relationship between initiative and passivity ; second, to perform a system to deal with the relationship between self - discipline and heteromy ; third, to emphasis on carrying out to cope with the relationship between theory and practice

    文摘:人民代表大會制度是中國特色社會主義的一項重要內容.人大是中國的最高國家權力機關，人民政府是其行政權力的執行機關.在人大與政府的關繫上，應充分體現權力主體的監督、檢查的地位和作用，政府在與人大的關繫上應切實履行權力執行者的負責、報告義務.在政治體制改革中應處理好三個關系，一是主動與被動的關系，二是自律與他律的關系，三是理論與實際的關系
  8. The people ' s congressional system is an important content of the socialism with the chinese characteristic. the people ' s congress is the highest power department in china, and the people ' s government is the executive department of the administration power. the status and effect on supervision and inspection of the main power body should be embodied sufficiently in the realtionship between the congress and the government, and the power executer ' s obligation for responsibility and report should be carried out fully. three relationships should be paid enough attention to about the innovation of the political system. first, to correct the position of the relationship between initiative and passivity ; second, to perform a system to deal with the relationship between self - discipline and heteromy ; third, to emphasis on carrying out to cope with the relationship between theory and practice

    人民代表大會制度是中國特色社會主義的一項重要內容.人大是中國的最高國家權力機關，人民政府是其行政權力的執行機關.在人大與政府的關繫上，應充分體現權力主體的監督、檢查的地位和作用，政府在與人大的關繫上應切實履行權力執行者的負責、報告義務.在政治體制改革中應處理好三個關系，一是主動與被動的關系，二是自律與他律的關系，三是理論與實際的關系
  9. The administrative law circles of our country have made the following greater progress mainly in research of administering the state according to law : ( 1 ) have made several obvious achievements mainly in rules of organization of the administration and public servant law research, have offered t he theoretical foundation and practiced the scheme to the reform in government organization and formulation of civil servant ' s regulations of the eighties ; ( 2 ) break through pure management mode, propose administrative legal system principle, administrative supervision and supervise the administrative theory ; ( 3 ) strengthening the research of theory to supervision administrative theory, administrative legal liability and administration relieves the theory, to relevant administration ' s controlling, administrative reconsideration and administrative litigation system basic principle principle way, etc, have launched the deep discussion ; ( 4 ) research about the administrative liability for tort, encroach right and belonging to the responsibility principle, responsibility form, responsibility subject, bear responsibility way and as main administrative liability for tort administrative compensation research of issue of form, having made more achievements, " state compensation law " was just made out on this kind of sturdy and fruitful research foundation of the administrative law circles ; ( 5 ) the research field has expansion to a great extent

    我國行政法學界在依法行政的研究方面主要取得了如下較大進展： （ 1 ）在行政組織法和公務員法研究方面取得了若干明顯的成果，為80年代政府機構改革和公務員條例的制定提供了理論依據和實踐方案； （ 2 ）突破了純管理模式，提出了行政法制原則，行政監督和監督行政的理論； （ 3 ）加強了對監督行政理論、行政法律責任和行政救濟理論的研究，對有關行政監察、行政復議和行政訴訟制度的基本原理、原則、方式等，展開了深入的探討； （ 4 ）關於行政侵權責任的研究，在侵權歸責原則、責任構成、責任主體、承擔責任方式以及作為主要行政侵權責任形式的行政賠償問題的研究上，取得了較多成果， 《國家賠償法》正是在行政法學界的這種扎實且富有成效的研究基礎上制定出來的； （ 5 ）研究領域有了很大程度的拓展。主要研究領域包括行政法的基本理論，政府組織法、廉政建設、公務員法、行政立法、行政執法、行政司法、行政違法與行政責任、國家賠償、行政法制保障部門、行政管理法、行政救濟法、行政程序法等。
  10. Based on the features, disadvantages and constraints of iheeb in china, the author draws a series of conclusions and gives some basic suggestions for constructing and developing chinese iheeb. the main suggestions are as follows. it is suitable for china to opt for the construction of " government - dominated " iheeb, which are directed by five basic principles - synchronizing the construction of theeb with the reform of the political system and the higher education system, laying equal stress on academic orientation and administrative orientation, structuring iheeb well and running them efficiently, managing iheeb to norms, and implementing iheeb in terms of stages and regions

    通過綜述國內外相關研究成果，在採用文獻研究、比較研究、理論分析等方法的基礎上，本文以界定高等教育評估中介機構的概念為前提，著重分析國外高等教育評估中介機構的四種主要模式及模式抉擇的主要因素，結合我國高等教育評估中介機構的基本特點、現存問題及制約因素，構建出建立具有中國特色的高等教育評估中介機構的基本思路：在堅持與政治體制改革和高等教育體制改革同步、學術導向與行政導向並重、精簡高效、規范化運作及分階段、分區域實施五項原則的指導下，建立「政府主導型」高等教育評估中介機構是適合當前我國國情的選擇。
  11. Following the principle of simplification, uniformity and efficiency and meeting the requirements of coordination in decision - making, execution and supervision, we will continue to promote the restructuring of government departments, standardize their functions in a scientific manner, rationalize their set - ups, and optimize their composition in order to delimit the structures and sizes statutorily and solve the problems of too many levels, overlapping functions, overstaffing,

    按照精簡統一效能的原則和決策執行監督相協調的要求，繼續推進政府機構改革，科學規范部門職能，合理設置機構，優化人員結構，實現機構和編制的法定化，切實解決層次過多職能交叉人員臃腫權責脫節和多重多頭執法等問題。
  12. Following the principle of simplification, uniformity and efficiency and meeting the requirements of coordination in decision - making, execution and supervision, we will continue to promote the restructuring of government departments, standardize their functions in a scientific manner, rationalize their set - ups, and optimize their composition in order to delimit the structures and sizes statutorily and solve the problems of too many levels, overlapping functions, overstaffing, divorce between powers and responsibilities and duplicate law enforcement

    按照精簡、統一、效能的原則和決策、執行、監督相協調的要求，繼續推進政府機構改革，科學規范部門職能，合理設置機構，優化人員結構，實現機構和編制的法定化，切實解決層次過多、職能交叉、人員臃腫、權責脫節和多重多頭執法等問題。
  13. However, wen jiabao, the premier, later told the french president that beijing would stick with its gradualist approach to reform of its exchange rate mechanism and made no commitment to reversing the renminbi ' s recent decline against the euro

    然而，中國總理溫家寶后來向薩科齊表示，中國政府將按照漸進性原則推進匯率機制改革，並且沒有承諾改變人民幣兌歐元匯率近期走弱的趨勢。
  14. External causes mainly include : little support for reform of state - owned enterprises from state ; imperfection of system of state - owned commercial banks and underdevelopment of capital market ; unsoundness of social insurance system ; lag of structural reform of government

    外部成因主要有：國家對國企改革支持力度不夠；國有商業銀行體制不順及資本市場不發達；社會保障制度不完善；政府機構改革滯后。
  15. With the deepgoing of our country ’ s political structure reforms and the development of socialist market economy, the government administrative function is becoming increasingly complicated and its decision ’ s scope and difficulty is becoming broader and its status and role is becoming clearer. because of these, to optimize government decision - making mechanism is becoming extremely urgent

    隨著我國政治體制改革的深入和社會主義市場經濟的發展，行政管理職能日益復雜，政府決策的范圍和難度愈益擴大，政府決策的地位與作用更加凸顯，由此也對政府決策機制的優化提出了更為迫切的要求。
  16. The writer points out : losing control and out of balance of social power which cause the breakup and imbalance of interest is the social roots of duty crimes " increasing ; the malpractices of economic system such as substandard market system, unreasonable property construction, abnormal financial system and disordered government function are the economic roots ; there are also some political roots. for example, the reform of political system is delayed, the political participation system ca n ' t satisfy the citizens " demands and the citizens ca n ' t supervise and restrict effectively on public power by political participation ; at the same time, the cadre stratum have some wrong opinions on life, value, interest, power and so forth during the period of transition. these subjective factors are ideological roots

    指出：轉型期社會權力失控與失衡並由此引發的利益分化與失調是職務犯罪增生的主要社會根源；不規范的市場體系，不合理的產權結構，畸形的財政體制以及錯位的政府職能等經濟體制方面的弊端是職務犯罪增生的主要經濟根源；政治體制改革滯后，政治參與機制不能滿足公民政治參與的需求，公民尚不能通過政治參與對公共權力實施有效的制約和監督，是職務犯罪增生的主要政治根源；而轉型期幹部階層中錯誤的人生觀、歪曲的價值觀、顛倒的利益觀、畸形的權力觀等主觀因素則是職務犯罪增生的思想根源。
  17. So, must strengthen and improve the leadership to the national people ' s congress of party and realize the legalization of the political party and national relation, guarantee that the national people ' s congress fully exercises the important function of the state organ ; besides, strengthen the self - building of the national people ' s congress energetically

    對此的對策是，大力加強理論研究，為政府機構改革提供科學理論的指導；政府機構職能的界定要作到法定化和轉變的有力化；與此同時，要化政府機構改革的阻力為動力，嚴格依法行政，大力完善公務員制度。
  18. Therefore, under the condition which the government ’ s poor financial resource, consumer ' s request and the private department ’ invest impulse had directed system transition in public utilities, also is the public utilities marketization reform. at present in china. this article from the view of policy science, use public policy analysis method to analyze our country public utilities marketization reform problem, this not only provides a new angle of view for the current research, but also can let us understand this problem more systematicly and comprehensively. the author make the appraisal about current implementation of chinese public utilities marketization reform, and then from the policy process angle, analyse the problems which are existing in process of public utilities marketization reform in china, the main problems as follows : unperfect legal system, weak management and supervison of government, serious benefit conflict ; finally, propose the corresponding solution according to the existed problems : first, build good environment ; second, promote the consummation of competitive system ; finally strengthen the construction of subjece in the reform

    於是在政府財力難以為繼的條件下，消費者的要求與私人部門投資的沖動共同導演了在公用事業領域中的制度變遷，也就是中國目前的公用事業運用市場機制的改革。本文從政策科學的角度，利用公共政策分析的方法來解析我國公用事業運用市場機制問題，這不僅為當前研究提供一個新的視角，更重要的是能讓我們系統而深入的透析該問題。筆者在對我國公用事業運用市場機制改革的實施現狀做出評估的基礎上，從政策過程的角度，對我國公用事業運用市場機制過程中存在的問題進行了分析，指出現在存在的問題主要是法制不健全、政府監管不力、利益沖突嚴重;最後根據所存在的問題提出了相應的解決措施，首先是要營造良好的環境，其次是促進競爭機制的完善，最後要加強改革中各主體的自身建設。
  19. Paper is divided into first, second and third parts : the first articles are historical research, focusing on the analysis of old industrial bases in northeast china from the formation, development of the process stalled since the founding of the prc government agencies and the creation, institutional reform and positioning functions, the focus of analysis of environmental management problems ; the second articles are his autobiographical short comparative study on the analysis of some western governments and the transformation of old industrial bases in the new government management experience, as well as parts of the country to explore new management structure ; the third articles are to study countermeasures proposed northeast governance innovative ideas and approaches

    東北老工業基地政府管理環境研究，主要是探討在振興東北老工業基地的過程中，政府如何在管理體制、組織結構、機構設置、職能配置等方面實現創新，為東北區域振興提供良好的政府環境問題。全文共分上、中、下三篇，上篇為「歷史研究」 ，中篇為「比較研究」 ，下篇為「對策研究」 。上篇，從歷史的角度，分析東北老工業基地從形成、發展到陷入困境的過程和建國以來政府機構設置、政府體制改革情況，以及振興戰略提出后東北地區政府管理情況，著重研究了東北老工業基地政府管理上存在主要問題，提出這些問題是困擾東北經濟發展的突出癥結。
  20. Secondly, in the first section the author discusses that attending wto can bring some opportunities for china in the following four respects. 1 ) promote the essential transformation of people ' s idea ; 2 ) promote the adjustment of the economic construction ; 3 ) promote the reform of government system ; 4 ) accelerate the process of reform and opening in china

    其次，在正文第一部分，作者從「入世」可以促進人的思想觀點的根本轉變；可以推進我國經濟結構的調整；可以促進我國政府體制改革；可以加快我國改革開放的進程四個方面比較全面地論述了「入世」給我國政府帶來的機遇。
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