族群模式 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zúqúnmóshì]
族群模式 英文
population model
  • 族 : 名詞1 （家族） clan 2 （古代的一種酷刑） a death penalty in ancient china imposed on an offender ...
  • 群 : Ⅰ名詞（聚在一起的人或物） crowd; group Ⅱ量詞（用於成群的人或物） group; herd; flock
  • 模 : 模名詞1. （模子） mould; pattern; matrix 2. （姓氏） a surname
  • 式 : 名詞1 （樣式） type; style 2 （格式） pattern; form 3 （儀式; 典禮） ceremony; ritual 4 （自然科...
  • 族群 : ethnic group
  • 模式 : model; mode; pattern; type; schema
  1. I think ethnic middle - size and small business in southeast asia has as common character as any other middle - size and small business, but it has its ethnic character, too. in the varied phase, ethnic middle - size and small business is connected with it before war ii, but different from it. familism is an important character of ethnic middle - size and small business in southeast asia, and its effect and non - effect affect itself severely, so reform is very necessary

    筆者認為，東南亞華人中小企業具有中小企業的一般特徵，同時，還具有族群色彩；處在管理模式轉型時期的華人中小企業，其表現形式與二戰前的華人中小企業有聯系，也有很大差別；家族主義是華人中小企業管理模式的重要特徵，因其有高效與低效相抵消的兩面， 「管理革命」實在必要，但革命不是拋棄傳統、全盤西化過程。
  2. Heredity modes of 6 traits were studied by analysis of population genetics, by the method of family combination analysis, by the methods of proband ' s sib analysis, segregation analysis, the threshold model of polygenes, and analysis of typical family trees, according to the data of the 72 families. the relative importance between genetic and environmental effect on each character was evaluated by comparing the coherence of twins. gene frequencies of 5 genetic characters, calculated from han group in huhhot, were compared with other groups by u - test so as to study the population or nationality difference in heredity

    採用群體遺傳學分析、家系組合分析法、先證者同胞法、分離分析法及多基因閾值模式分析方法對所得家系資料進行了統計學分析，結合家繫系譜分析探討了上述6項特徵的遺傳方式；通過雙生子一致率的比較，對上述特徵的遺傳與環境效應的相對重要性進行了評價；計算了呼和浩特市漢族群體5對遺傳性狀的基因頻率，採用u檢驗方法與相關文獻報道的其他群體進行了比較，探討了不同種族間或民族間的遺傳差異性。
  3. Abstract : physical activity has been defined as " any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure ". it is strongly endorsed as a means of staying healthy and an important avenue for social contact. although in australia, some studies have been conducted into the levels of physical activity in some ethnic communities, there has been a tendency to adopt a homogeneous view of culturally and linguistically diverse ( cald ) people rather than an ethno - specific perspective that recognises differing cultural beliefs and practices between and across language groups. this paper reports on a study that aimed to explore the concepts of, and attitudes towards, physical activity among older hong kong chinese australians resident in nsw. this study involved individual in - depth interviews and the use of open - ended questions. a total of 22 informants was recruited for the study. the findings revealed that most informants did not have a clear idea about what was meant by the term physical activity. " physical activity " tended to be a confusing and complicated term to this group. in addition, attitudes towards physical activity among this group reflect their cultural and health beliefs in preventive health care. to increase the physical activity level among older hong kong chinese australians, culturally - specific health promotion strategies might be needed to tackle the misconception about and specific attitudes towards physical activity, as well as to match the holistic chinese oncept of health maintenance

    文摘:身體活動指"由骨骼肌產生的體能消耗運動" ，是保持身體健康、增進社會交往的重要方式和途徑.在澳大利亞，雖然有研究調查民族群體身體活動的各個層面，但總體而言，多數研究更側重於民族群體的同質性，而忽視了其異質性.本研究探討在新南威爾士州居住的澳籍香港老年華人對身體活動的概念理解及對身體活動的態度.研究使用開放性問卷進行個體深度訪談，受訪者22人.研究發現，大多數受訪者不清楚"身體活動"這一術語的含義，對他們來說， "身體活動"是一個模糊的、復雜的術語.該群體對身體活動的態度反映了他們在預防性衛生保健方面的文化和健康觀念.顯然，提升澳籍香港老年華人的身體活動水平，需要一種基於文化特殊性的健康促進策略以解決對身體活動的誤解，同時也需要具體的身體活動態度與華人整體性保健觀念相匹配
  4. Physical activity has been defined as " any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure ". it is strongly endorsed as a means of staying healthy and an important avenue for social contact. although in australia, some studies have been conducted into the levels of physical activity in some ethnic communities, there has been a tendency to adopt a homogeneous view of culturally and linguistically diverse ( cald ) people rather than an ethno - specific perspective that recognises differing cultural beliefs and practices between and across language groups. this paper reports on a study that aimed to explore the concepts of, and attitudes towards, physical activity among older hong kong chinese australians resident in nsw. this study involved individual in - depth interviews and the use of open - ended questions. a total of 22 informants was recruited for the study. the findings revealed that most informants did not have a clear idea about what was meant by the term physical activity. " physical activity " tended to be a confusing and complicated term to this group. in addition, attitudes towards physical activity among this group reflect their cultural and health beliefs in preventive health care. to increase the physical activity level among older hong kong chinese australians, culturally - specific health promotion strategies might be needed to tackle the misconception about and specific attitudes towards physical activity, as well as to match the holistic chinese oncept of health maintenance

    身體活動指"由骨骼肌產生的體能消耗運動" ，是保持身體健康、增進社會交往的重要方式和途徑.在澳大利亞，雖然有研究調查民族群體身體活動的各個層面，但總體而言，多數研究更側重於民族群體的同質性，而忽視了其異質性.本研究探討在新南威爾士州居住的澳籍香港老年華人對身體活動的概念理解及對身體活動的態度.研究使用開放性問卷進行個體深度訪談，受訪者22人.研究發現，大多數受訪者不清楚"身體活動"這一術語的含義，對他們來說， "身體活動"是一個模糊的、復雜的術語.該群體對身體活動的態度反映了他們在預防性衛生保健方面的文化和健康觀念.顯然，提升澳籍香港老年華人的身體活動水平，需要一種基於文化特殊性的健康促進策略以解決對身體活動的誤解，同時也需要具體的身體活動態度與華人整體性保健觀念相匹配
  5. The museum has built up a sizable collection of materials on the local ethnic cultures. it includes farming implements, rural household wares and furniture, fishing gears and junk models, all of which illustrate the traditional life of local villagers and boat - dwellers, as well as their farming and fishing industries in hong kong

    博物館建立了一個能反映本港不同族群傳統生活習尚的藏品，包括農具、傢具、農村及漁民日用器具、捕魚裝備、漁船模型等，有助闡明及了解漁民及農民的生活方式，以及傳統農業耕作方法與漁業狀況。
  6. By fulfilling the demand of agriculture, gathering, hunting, and fishing, indigenous tribes in the past developed a set of means to interact with nature and shared the forests, rivers and ocean resources

    摘要昔日原住民各族群曾依據農耕、採集、狩獵及漁撈等需求，發展一套與自然互動的模式，以分享山林、河流以及海洋資源。
  7. On the basis of full investigation and the analysis of policy and economic development background, the author studies the desires of rural residents, creatively elaborates the function of the ethnic traditions in the rural social security. then the author suggests that model selection should be divided into long - term and short - term targets. the long - term target is to establish an integral security system to cover both the urban and rural areas

    通過對分析政策及經濟發展背景進行分析，在充分調查的基礎上，進行群眾意願分析，比較有新意的是對民族傳統在農村社會保障中的作用進行了分析闡述，提出在模式選擇上應分為遠期目標與近期目標，遠期目標是建立城鄉一體化的保障體系:近期內，在堅持土地保障和家庭保障為主的前提下，結合民族地區經濟、社會和文化發展的實際，選擇有別于城鎮保障體系的模式。
  8. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  9. Such refined, or choosy, consumption has become rampant in recent years, especially among an urbane social group known as bobos

    這類講究的、甚至是有點挑剔的消費模式，近年來四處可見，尤其多發生在一群被稱為波波族的都市新貴身上。
  10. Indeed, modern human hunter - gatherers living in these environments, who provide us with the best available model of early human subsistence patterns, often travel six to eight miles daily in search of food

    現代的狩獵?採集族群仍然生活在那些地方，為了尋找食物，他們往往一天得走上10 ~ 13公里；我們若想要建構早期人類的生存模式，他們是最佳的?本。
  11. This paper uses the field investigation and relevant documents to explain the new year, qingming, duanwu, moon festivals in hakka areas to research on their similarities to the other regions

    本文採用田野調查資料和相關文獻資料相結合，旨在描述客家地區慶祝新年、清明、端午、鬼節、中秋等節日的基礎上，探詢這些儀式在客家核心地區是否普遍存在，以及其他漢族或非漢族族群是否也有相似的模式。
  12. The family business has been regarded as the earliest form of enterprise in the commodity production - the earliest family business came into being at the age of the british industrial revolution in the 18th century - the one with the largest amount, the most complex internal structure and relation, and the greatest difference in scope among the groups of contemporary enterprises as well

    家族企業是商品生產中出現的最早的企業形式? ?最早的家族企業始於18世紀英國工業革命時代? ?也是當代企業群體中數量最為龐大、內部結構與關系最為復雜、規模差異最大的一種企業形態。
  13. Firstly, the author analyses the external environment of the it enterprises in zhongguancun. secondly, combining the current situation of the it enterprises with timmons ' s theory of three key points, the author divides the it enterprises in zhongguancun into three management models - - - - - - family model, estimating large company and inner entrepreneurial model. through comparison to the three models and the deep analysis of the entrepreneurial company, the paper comes to a conclusion that management transformation must be carried out during the different period of development

    論文首先對影響中關村it企業創業及成長密切相關的區域、行業、政策、人才、資本、與技術環境進行分析，其次通過中關村it企業群現狀的分析指出目前中關村所面臨的最大問題是企業長不大，繼而通過提摩三要素對其創業管理模式進行歸類分析，在結合中關村創業發展階段和當前創業趨勢的情況下，指出中關村當前主要存在「泛家族」 、 「大公司模仿」 、和「內創業」三種管理模式。
  14. This study uses the survey data and the choice model to analyze the choices between the on - line store and the physical store for the young students ' preferences, and explores the key variables affected the consumers ' decisions

    本研究透過問卷調查方式，以選擇模型分析年輕學生族群的消費者對于網路購物模式與實體商店購物模式的選擇偏好，以及了解影響消費者選擇的關鍵因素，分析兩種購物模式的競爭對現有商業模式的影響意涵。
  15. While globalization is fundamentally changing the structures of the human society on a world scale, nationalism acts as the reaction to globalization on the nation - state part, indicating the political attitudes of some groups within nation - states when the social structures experience the transitions caused by globalization

    全球化深刻地影響著世界?圍內人類社會的組成模式，而民族主義則是民族國家內部對全球化的反映，體現出在經歷這一變動的民族國家的社會結構中，一些群體可能表達的權力與利益訴求。
  16. To pursue sustainable development, two strategies could be used to shape the interaction patterns among ethnic groups ; that is, competitive cooperation and ethnic partnership

    永續發展的族群互動模式，有競存關系與伴關系之不同策略。
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