有向凝固 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yǒuxiàngnínggù]
有向凝固 英文
directional freezing
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 凝 : 動詞1. （凝結） congeal; curdle; coagulate 2. （注意力集中） fix
  • 固 : Ⅰ形容詞（結實; 牢固; 堅硬） firm; hard; solid Ⅱ副詞1 （堅決地; 堅定地） firmly; resolutely 2 [書...
  • 凝固 : solidify; solidification; coagulation; congealing;clotting; hardening; solidifying; freezing
  1. The content of the paper is nonlinear analysis of complete response process for t, l - shaped and " + " shaped section r. c. columns under axial compression and biaxial bending. on the basis of related papers, the full path of stress - strain relation of concrete and the sliding of longitudinal reinforcement anchoring are all considered, simultaneously, the restriction effect for concrete by thickening of stirrups is also included

    本論文主要內容是對鋼筋混凝土異形截面雙向壓彎柱（包括l形、 t形、十字形柱）進行非線形全過程分析，在有關文獻基礎上考慮了受拉縱筋和周圍混凝土的錨固滑移和混凝土應力?應變關系曲線的下降段，同時考慮到在箍筋加密區箍筋對混凝土的約束影響。
  2. Because of its resistance to electrochemical erosion, low manpower demand for application and minimal changes in geometrical dimensions of the member, the method has been found to be economical and efficient for application, based on the previous work, we designed and conducted experiments of 10 reinforced concrete ( rc ) slabs strengthened with the common carbon fiber reinforced plastic ( cfrp ) ; and investigated the effect, failure mechanism and theory

    由於具有耐腐蝕、施工簡便快捷、幾乎不改變構件原有尺寸等特點，得到廣泛的應用，具有良好的經濟效益。在前人的工作基礎上，我們設計、試驗了10採用碳纖維布加固的鋼筋混凝土單向板，探討了加固單向板的加固效果和理論分析方法。
  3. It shows that the method suggested in the paper is simple, applicable for engineering and has good precision. on the bases of the formulas deduced, and combining with relative test datas, it studies in the paper several factors influencing the bearing performance of the simple beams, such as shape of the external tendons, the equal moment segment length, span - to - depth ratio of the beam, valid initial prestress of the external tendons, area of the internal tension reinforcement, strength of the concrete, vertical distance between

    在公式推導的基礎上，結合相關試驗資料，研究了體外筋的形狀、等彎矩區長度、梁跨高比、有效張拉預應力、體內受拉筋配筋率、混凝土強度、錨固點到樑上邊緣在垂直方向上的距離、體外預應力筋水平段長度（雙折線型體外筋的情況）以及荷載類型等對體外預應力混凝土簡支梁受力性能的影響。
  4. Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

    基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。
  5. The growth morphology of cu - cr eutectic are studied. during the process of eutectic growth, ( + ) growth is clinging to a phase. because cu - cr eutectic have very good coupling relation, the configuration of eutectic holds crystallography structure, and the influence of the direction of heat flow is not distinct

    2揭示了cu - cr共晶的生長形態，發現其在共晶生長過程中，共晶體（ + ）依附在相上生長； cu - cr因有較好的共格關系，其共晶形貌按照其結晶結構學特點生長，定向凝固下熱流的方向影響不顯著。
  6. Fabrication of the box beam is divided into such parts as reinforcement, formwork, concreting, prestressing, moving and storing of beam, pipe grouting under pressure, end sealing of the beam, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating etc. the paper makes description of effective box beam construction technology and workmanship which can be adopted in other projects, such technologies as : manufacturing and fixing of reinforcement, steel reinforcement fixing baseplate, web plate and top plate respectively and lifting the steel skeleton into form, requirements of design and manufacturing and way of utilization for dismantling - erection type formwork and hydraulic formwork, optimization of concrete ratio, concrete pouring process of two ends of beam in priority over the middle, in sequence of first baseplate followed by web plate and top plate at last, concrete pouring in inclined section and in horizontal layer, concrete vibration mainly by external vibrator in assistance with internal vibrator, methods and regulation for steam curing of concrete, dual controls over stress and strain to ensure quality of prestressing workmanship, construction method of effective beam moving by heavy - weight special moving facility, some regulations and key notes about construction of grouting under pressure, beam ends sealing, water - proof layer on the bridge surface system, protective coating

    箱梁製造由鋼筋工程、模板工程、混凝土工程、預應力工程、移存梁工程、孔道壓漿工程、梁體封端工程、橋面防水層和保護層工程等施工環節組成。文中介紹的採用胎具製作和綁扎鋼筋，分底腹板和頂板分別綁扎並吊裝鋼筋骨架入模；拆裝式和液壓式兩種模板的設計、製作要求和使用方法；綜合考慮、優化混凝土配合比，混凝土灌注從兩端至中間、先底板、后腹板、再頂板的施工順序和斜向分段、腹板水平分層、附著式振搗為主、插入式搗固為輔的施工工藝，蒸汽養護的方法和規定；應力應變雙控制確保預應力施工質量的施工技術；採用重物移運器有效移梁的施工方法；壓漿、封端、橋面防水層和保護層施工的一些規定和注意事項等都是對箱梁製造行之有效的施工技術和施工方法，並可為以後類似施工作借鑒。
  7. The scc has the following advantages : remarkably reducing the noisy pollution and the worker s labor intensity in construction, deducing the rough surface or segregation because of missing - vibration or excessive - vibration in conventional construction, resolving the quality - defect problems resulting from lacking - vibration in the section of complex shapes and densely - packed reinforcement area. at the same time, large of industrial solid waste such as fly ash and blast furnace slag is utilized in the proportioning of scc. it is helpful in comprehensive utilization of resource and environment protection, so the scc belongs to " green concrete ", it is a branch of hpc which will be developed in the future

    這種混凝土可以顯著降低混凝土施工中的噪音污染；大幅度減輕工人的勞動強度；減少傳統混凝土施工中因漏振或過振造成的麻面或離析；解決了配筋密集、結構復雜部位因振搗不足而造成的質量缺陷問題；同時，由於自密實混凝土在配製中，大量利用粉煤灰、高爐礦渣等工業固體廢棄物，有利於資源的綜合利用和生態環境的保護；從而被譽為「綠色混凝土」 ，是未來混凝土向高性能發展的方向之一。
  8. Abstract : the crystal structures obtained by static solidification and vibration solidification were compared. it was showed that, in the case of vibration solidification, the orientation growth of the columnar crystal was not obvious, the equiaxial crystal appeared more early. the grains of both types of crystals were quite fine, hardness in the full section was relatively high, and the hardness distribution was uniform. in the former case, the solute segregation in dendritical austenite more severe, and there were lumps of distortion inclusion

    文摘:對球鐵金屬型靜凝固與振動凝固的結晶組織對比表明：後者柱狀晶方向性生長較弱，等軸晶出現較早，且兩者的晶粒均較細，全斷面硬度較高且分佈均勻；前者枝晶奧氏體內溶質偏析大，有畸變夾雜團塊。
  9. Microstructure analyses of tensile samples by sem show that crystalline grains are very fine and have the orientated solidification structures

    拉伸試樣顯微組織晶粒細小，具有定向凝固特徵。
  10. The achievement of this paper verifies that after - treatment technology with such pile has the functions of drainage solidification, cementing, vertical strengthen and change, which applies a new way to dealing with soft ground in freeway and other hostile foundation especially with bridge foot protection and flop at bridgehead

    本文研究證明，無砂混凝土小樁后處理技術具有排水固結、膠結、豎向增強、置換等綜合作用，為高速公路軟基及其它不良地基特別是橋梁基礎加固以及橋頭跳車處理等提供了一條新的途徑。
  11. The microcrystalline was same to the direction of electric field. the microcrystalline orientation of the film that was obtained by melting pvdf congealing in the effect of electric field changed along electric field obviously. comparing with the film congealing without electric field their crystalline plate become thick

    發現pvdf纖維在電場作用下微觀結構變化較大，極化后微晶取向發生較大變化，極化以後微晶變化為沿電場方向取向的厚片狀，熔融態的pvdf在電場作用下凝固時變化更明顯，與不加電場直接凝固的pvdf膜相比，在電場作用下幾乎所有的分子鏈都沿電場方向取向所以出現有序的片晶結構，而且結構緻密。
  12. The old stratum structure has been broken up, and a reasonable dynamic stratum structure is gradually taking shape. sociologists have done many researches in response to the rapid changes in the social stratum structure. they have made different judgments and conclusions, such as " stratum theory " by lu xueyi, " segmentation theory " by li qiang, and " fracture theory " by sun liping, etc. stratum theory holders think that modern social stratification structure has formed in china society today, and the structural elements showed a stable trend ; segmentation theory holders think that social structure at the present stage can be divided into different sections, and they are reorganizing

    地位不一致視角有效地解決了社會學界對于當前中國階層結構形成的理論爭辯，並根據社會成員各種地位維度的一致性程度提出了上層定型化、中層碎片化和下層凝固化的判斷;地位不一致視角有效地解釋了現實生活中日益出現的地位矛盾現象，分析了地位不一致形成的社會成員行為取向與相對剝奪感;地位不一致視角有效地揭示了改革開放和市場體制形成以來階層結構的變遷，這種多元地位維度的增加以及維度間不一致性的提高具有深層的形成機制並將對未來階層結構的建構發揮積極作用。
  13. The following principles are proved : increasing cfp adhesive length will release the concentrating of shear stress near the cutoff point, this will lead to the increment of loading - bear capacity of concrete beams ; increasing the thickness of cfp will improve the transition of load from concrete beam to cfp, this is useful to exert the potential of cfp ; in creasing the anti - shear modulus of adhesive will result enhance the concentrating of shear stress, this is harmful to the effect of cfp reinforced concrete beams

    本文的理論分析結果可以表明：增加碳纖維板的粘結長度可以緩解碳纖維板端部界面上的剪應力集中，改善混凝土梁結構的加固效果；增大碳纖維板的粘結厚度可以增大界面上的剪應力，改善混凝土樑上載荷向碳纖維板的傳遞效果，有利於充分發揮碳纖維布的潛能；如果粘結膠層的抗剪模量過大會加劇剪應力的集中，從而對碳纖維加固的效果不利。
  14. The temperature distribution in a crystallizer has important influence on the position and shape of solid - liquid interface during continuous unidirectional solidification

    摘要連續定向凝固過程中結晶器的溫度分佈對固液界面位置和形狀具有重要影響。
  15. Based on the established three - dimensional physical model, simplified terms, specified material parameters in thermal and physical properties, boundary conditions, and the calculation method of heat convection of cooling water, the numerical simulation and analysis on steady - state temperature field for continuous unidirectional solidification of niti shape memory alloy wire billets were proceeded under the condition of different combined parameters using ansys finite - element software

    在建立三維物理模型以及確定材料熱物性參數、邊界條件與冷卻水對流換熱系數計算方法的基礎上，採用ansys有限元軟體對不同參數組合條件下鎳鈦形狀記憶合金線坯連續定向凝固的穩態溫度場進行了數值模擬。
  16. Directionally solidified refractory metal matrix eutectic in - suit composites possess excellent mechanical and physical properties such as low density, high enduring temperatures, good room - temperature fracture - toughness and high elevated - temperature strength, therefore are expected to be used as a new type of ultra - high temperature structural materials

    定向凝固難熔金屬基共晶自生復合材料由於具有密度低、承溫能力高、室溫斷裂韌性好、高溫強度高和高溫持久壽命長等性能優勢，有望成為新一代航空發動機葉片用超高溫結構材料。
  17. Directional solidified cu - cr in - situ composites have high strength, high electricity but without such problems of interfacial contamination and low stability as in the conventional man - made synthetic composites due to self - driven engender in the process of directional solidification, so this composites are expected to be used as contact cable, which is made for trunk line electrification

    定向凝固cu - cr自生復合材料由於具有高強度、高導電性，同時因其在凝固過程中自動形成而避免了人工復合材料中長期存在的界面污染、穩定性差等不足，因而在電氣化鐵路用電車線材方面有廣闊的應用前景。
  18. Observing the mechanics and effect of the new strengthening method with test and finite element method is supposed to offer a guide for technology and become valuable in theory and practice. both compression test, including four reinforced and three control specimens, and shear - compression test, including nineteen reinforced and four control specimens are being studied in this paper. the research on the curves of load - strain, load - deflection and hysteretic shows that the transverse translation of the reinforced columns is well controlled with an upgrading of both ductility and ultimate bearing capacity ( ubc )

    本文對4根鋼絲網外噴高強砂漿加固鋼筋混凝土柱和3根對比鋼筋混凝土柱進行了軸壓試驗研究，並對19根加固鋼筋混凝土柱和4根對比鋼筋混凝土柱進行了剪壓試驗研究；通過對試件荷載-應變曲線、荷載-撓度曲線和滯回曲線等的研究表明，採用該加固方法能有效的約束柱子橫向變形，並對提高鋼筋混凝土柱的極限承載力和延性有明顯的效果；同時根據理論及加固機理分析提出了適應於此加固方法的軸壓極限承載力計算公式。
  19. The main subjects and conclusions are as follows : 1. a kind of directional solidification equipment of high temperature gradient and double - zone heating is self - made

    主要內容和成果有： 1自行設計了一臺雙區加熱高梯度定向凝固裝置。
  20. First, the paper sets up finite element models of 4 - point bending rc beam strengthened with frp sheet. not only material nonlinear of concrete and steel bar but bond style of longitudinal steel, stirrup and frp are taken into account

    本文首先建立了纖維布加固鋼筋混凝土梁四點彎曲的有限元模型，考慮了混凝土、鋼筋的材料非線性以及縱向鋼筋、箍筋和纖維布與混凝土之間的聯結關系。
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