相思債 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [xiāngsīzhài]
相思債
英文
debt of lovesickness-
Part one : this part introduces the summarization of the abs ( asset - backed securities ), which includes the conception, the basic theory, the features, the categories, the basic running process, and the circumstance of the research and development, etc. part two : the main contents of this part are the necessity and the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities depending on the charges of expressways, including the analysis for the feasibility of the financing of securities on the basis of the expressways " charges, the option between the two operation models, and the analysis for the feasibility of the operation of indigenization, etc. part three : this part mainly demonstrates how to design the plan of a company for the financing of securities and indigenization, which consists of the introduction of a company ' s background and the main problems to be confronted, the features of the basic assets and the analysis of the cash currency, the selection of spy, the design of trading structure, the product design of securities, etc. part four : this part discusses the financial evaluation about a company ' s design of the financing of securities and indigenization on the basis of the expressways " charges, the analysis of the risks and the analysis in general
本文的創新之處在於: （ 1 ）通過對我國《信託法》 、 《公司法》等相關法律、法規的深入研究，提出在國內現行制度框架和市場環境下，以信託方式設立特設目的機構的基本思路，並構架了類附擔保公司債信託型和信託簽發企業銷售型兩種較為滿意的本土化交易結構方案，具有一定的理論創新性; （ 2 ）將資產證券化這一金融創新工具應用到高速公路融資領域，論證了高速公路利用收費證券化融資的必要性和可行性，並提出了一個可供借鑒的操作性方案。本文可能的不足是在證券化產品設計方面由於筆者知識水平的欠缺，深感作得不是很深入，需進一步的完善和細化;另外對各種交易結構模式的設計和分析只是一種理論上的探討，到底是否有效和可行需接受實踐的進一步檢驗。論文分為四個部份:第一部份，資產證券化概述，包括資產證券化的概念、基本理論、特點、基本形式、基本運作流程、國內外研究和發展現狀等。The essay raises that the focal point of chinese financial system reform should be to develop and perfect money market. on the base of analyzing both general functions of the market and special functions that the development of the market has influenced on chinese economy and finance, it objectively analyzes the current situation and outstanding problems of the market and advances major solutions to perfect the market, which is, with the premise of constructing credit bases of the market development and with the central task of raising the market efficiency, to perfect short - term bonds market ( including the repo market ) and commercial paper market, and to deepen policy functions of the market, for the sake of a stable and orderly market with substantial scale, united market organization, efficient clearing < wp = 5 > system, reasonable interest rate system, perfect medium organization and effective market supervision
本文認為，目前中國金融體制改革的重點應是發展和完善貨幣市場。本文在認真分析貨幣市場的一般功效以及貨幣市場的發展對中國經濟金融發展和改革的功效的基礎上，客觀分析了中國貨幣市場的發展現狀以及存在的突出問題，並提出完善中國貨幣市場的基本思路，那就是：以建設中國貨幣市場發展的信用基礎為前提，以提高中國貨幣市場的效率為主旨，完善同業拆借市場、債券市場和票據市場，深化貨幣市場的政策功能，其目標是把中國貨幣市場建成一個具備相當的規模、統一的市場組織、高效的清算系統、合理的利率體系、完善的中介組織以及有效的市場監管的穩定有序的貨幣市場。From the second to the fifth chapter such problems concerning state - owned property right are illustrated respectively as its definition, valuation and price fixing and capital sources of undertaking party and the disposal and use of transfer income. problems are raised with regard to the process of current property right system diversity in state - owned enterprises, such as the disagreement to the definition of state - owned property right, no standard of evaluation, imperfection of price fixing system and relative confusion of transfer income disposal and use. what ' s more, new solutions are offered : the probe into state - owned property right definition " changsha model " is confirmed positively ; two specific ways of quantification - - " the method of average growth rate of state - owned property right " and " the method of average cost of labor in market " ; the concept " present value of earnings " is applied to the property evaluation of receivable accounts, finished goods, invisible assets and so on ; the unjust in price fixing of state - owned property right can be avoided by improving property valuation methods, perfecting capital market especially property right trading market and bettering information publishing system ; as to the guarantee problem of human resources financial contribution, an original key is offered
第一章運用產權理論對國企產權多元化改革進行經濟學分析；第二章至第五章主要圍繞國有產權的界定問題、評估問題、定價問題、承接方的資金來源問題、轉讓收入的處置運用問題分別進行闡述，指出了當前國企產權多元化過程中存在著國有產權界定不統一、評估不規范、定價機制不完善、處置運用相對混亂等諸多問題，並提出新的解決思路：肯定國有產權界定「長沙模式」的積極探索意義，提出量化職工創造剩餘價值的「國有資產平均增長率法」和「平均市場勞動成本法」 ；將「收益現值」概念運用到對應收賬款、產成品、無形資產等資產評估之中；應從完善資產評估方法、完善資本市場特別是產權交易市場和健全信息公開機制三個方面來解決國有產權定價不公問題；就人力資本出資的擔保問題提出實際債務承擔額（比例）應小於名義出資額（比例）的新思路，並認為人力資本市場上的交易價格應包括絕對出資額和相對出資額兩部分。The topic of this paper is about the legal problem on the third party infringes the creditor ' s right. we should know that the research on that item is not only a supplement of the legal practice but also a deeply ponderation on the theory about the creditor ' s relatively right. with the theory of the contract for the third party ' s benefit and etc., it raises a movement on expanding the force of contract and protecting the creditor ' s right
我們應該認識到對第三人侵害債權制度的研究決不僅僅只具有實踐上拾遺補缺的作用，而是對傳統民法中相對權理論和合同相對性原則的全面反思，尤其是在把第三人侵害債權作為「制度」來研究的情況下則更是如此，而且在這個反思的過程中絕不是第三人侵害債權制度在孤軍作戰，它和債權物權化、為第三人利益合同、債的保全等等諸多理論一起掀起了擴張契約效力和保護債權的運動。The civil code of france. in accordance with our contract law. subrogation was written into it
由於債權代位權對債權相對效力的突破，因而擾亂了我們對債權相對性的習慣思維。First, the author reviewed the related literature of asset securitization, explained the connotation and the economical significance of asset securitization from many angles, analyzed several essential technologies of asset securitization through using the enterprise financing theory, the financial theory, the system economic theory and the law of averages, constructed a flow chart to analyze the structure and the flow of the operation of asset securitization ; then the author analyses the overseas development tendency as well as the overseas concrete procedure of non - performing loans securitization, proposed several enlightenment ; once more, the author analyzed our country ’ s feasibility of npls, then elaborated emphatically the operation thought of npls of our country commercial bank : regarding the establishment of spv, thought that it most suit the our country current national condition current through pouring the capital to adopt company spv the pattern in our country by the national property management company, and elaborated how to construct and manage the property pond, put forward many kinds of ways of credit enhance for non - performing loans, thought it is the best choice that the product of npls is designed for cmo, the senior bond adopts the public issue, the secondary bond adopt private issue
首先，本文回顧了資產證券化研究的相關文獻，從多個角度闡釋了資產證券化的內涵和經濟意義，運用企業融資理論、金融理論、制度經濟學理論和大數定律剖析了資產證券化的幾項關鍵技術，構建了一個資產證券化流程圖來分析資產證券化運作的結構與流程;接著通過分析國外不良貸款證券化發展趨勢以及具體做法，提出了幾點啟示;再次，分析了我國不良貸款證券化的可行性，然後著重論述我國商業銀行不良貸款證券化的運作思路:對于spv的設立，認為在我國由國家資產管理公司注資採取公司型spv的模式最適合我國當前的國情;並論述了資產池的構建與管理;提出了對不良貸款進行信用增級的多種方式;認為將不良貸款證券化產品設計為抵押擔保債券，高級債券採取公開發行，次級債券採取私募發行是最佳選擇。It systematically studes the microeconondc problem of retail bankin from the point view of macroecondrics, history and thcory for the first time. the visual ange is differen from the other acadeinic works on this topic. the dissehation probes the theory on fctail banking whie penwtg into the real - bill. theory, shiftability theory, the atiopated income thcory, otc, pod forward the five hindranes from retail banking table proposals on how chinese connnercial banks develop retail bankng and exoatiates on the marketin straegies, after investigating the social and economc background in which retail bw developed
本文的特色和新貢獻是：首次從宏觀的、歷史的、理論的角度出發，較系統地研究商業銀行零售業務這一微觀的問題，有不同於相關學術著作的新視角和體系；在深入研究真實票據理論、轉化能力理論、預期收入理論、負債管理理論和超貨幣供給理論等金融理論的基礎上，探索出零售業務產生和發展的理論基礎；通過對中外零售業務發展的經濟和社會條件的比較研究，提出中國商業銀行發展零售業務存在的五大障礙以及五個方面的政策選擇，並從營銷學角度對商業銀行零售業務的發展提出了營銷策略組合，闡述了逐步開展網上銀行零售業務的主張和思路During the initial stages of applying the early - warning to risks in government obligation, this paper supplies a new train of thinking by using quantitative and qualitative analysis
而將預警方法運用到地方政府債務風險領域的研究才剛剛起步，本文採用定性和定量相結合的方法，為構建地方政府債務風險預警體系提出了一種新的思路。There are some common problem on the financial institution withdrawing form the market. we should entrust the intermediary organs for the clearance. the assets should be pay - off debts and interest of individual savings according to the autonomy of will of principal
對于清算應該委託中介機構進行，其清算財產，可依據當事人意思自治原則，採取貨幣、實物和債權相結合的形式，優先支付個人儲蓄存款本息；以非破產方式市場退出的對外債權利息支付的止息日為宣告日。Start from the study of the development and current station of the investment and fund circulation of infrastructures in cities in china, the thesis analyses the problems of the unclear faction of the goverment and the narrow channal and single way of financing and the trade monopolizing in it and then, at the request of rules of development of socialist market economy, useing the categorised theories of the products and service and the public financial theories in economics, the thesis tries to classify the projects of infrastructures into profit projects, quasi - projects and non - projects on the standard of profitable degree. and it presents the thoughts and goals of the reform of the investment and fund circulation of infrastructures on the study of the co - relation of the projects. the thesis maintains that establishing the investment and fund circulation company is the way of realization of the government inventment, and enlarge the investment scale through all kinds of channels, and raise the profitable degree of projects by establishing risk compensatory fund. the thesis compares the cost of the different financing waies and discusses the feasibility and necessity to issue the fund of city construction
然後，按照社會主義市場經濟發展規律的要求，應用經濟學有關產品和服務的分類理論、有關公共財政的理論，以城建項目的可經營程度為標準，把城建項目分為難經營性項目、準經營性項目和經營性項目三類。研究了三類項目之間在特定條件下相互轉化的關系，在此基礎上提出了城建投資融資體制改革的推進思路和目標模式。主張設立城市基礎設施投資融資公司作為政府投資的實現形式，對不同類別的城建設施項目採取多元化投資融資方式，廣泛利用股票、債券市場、產業投資基金、資產證券化等方式，擴大城建設施投資融資規模，並重視利用外資和bot項目融資方式，以及通過設立投資風險補償基金，提高項目的可經營性程度。According to the analyses of the management environment, the industry background, the capital status and so on, this paper brings forward the managerial idea that the company should be guided by the management of capital, and operates both by the management of capital and production, both by renewing the reserve and importing the increase, both by direct investment and indirect investment, both by stock investment and loan investment
文章通過對公司所處的經營環境、產業背景、資產狀況等方面的分析，提出了公司在資本經營思想的指導下，資本經營與生產經營相結合，盤活存量與引進增量相結合，直接融資與間接融資相結合，股票融資與債權融資相結合的運作構想，並且對實施方案進行了具體分析。In the last two chapters, the fundamental methods of risk warning, risk valuing and risk controlling in the management of deficit risk are summed up. after analyzing some indexes of fiscal crises and the structure of budget deficits that are classified according to the new standard defined in this paper, the author try to use the theory of debts - gdp to make a dynamic analysis on risk of fiscal deficit. finally, the controlling system of deficit risk in china is discussed and some countermeasures are suggested
在財政赤字風險管理的研究中，文章沿著一般到特殊的分析思路，系統總結了風險的預警、評估以及控制的基本方法；然後，測算了中國赤字風險評估指標，並從中國的實際情況出發，在赤字規模、赤字結構以及其他相關數據的分析和測算基礎上，運用債務-收入比率等方法對中國財政赤字風險的發展做了動態分析，進而初步勾勒出中國財政赤字風險的控制體系。The urbanization construction in western national regions should open multi - source investment channel, open urbanization constructing markets, eliminate the unreasonable admittance barriers of non - national investment, optimize the source pattern of investment according to project financing, finical financing and bond financing of local government and design corresponding legal system to protect it according to the thoughts of benefit maximization in law and economics
摘要西部民族地區城鎮化建設應開辟多元投資渠道，開放城鎮化建設市場，清理對非國有資本的市場準入障礙，通過項目融資、金融融資、地方政府債券融資等途徑，優化資金的來源模式，並且必須從法律經濟學效益最大化的思想出發，設計相應的法律制度進行保障。分享友人