路徑選擇規則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [lùjìngxuǎnzháiguīzé]
路徑選擇規則 英文
path finding algorithm
  • 路 : 1 （道路） road; way; path 2 （路程） journey; distance 3 （途徑; 門路） way; means 4 （條理） se...
  • 徑 : Ⅰ名詞1 （狹窄的道路; 小路） footpath; path; track 2 （達到目的的方法） way; means 3 （直徑的簡稱...
  • 選 : Ⅰ動詞1. （挑選） select; choose; pick 2. （選舉） elect Ⅱ名詞（挑選出來編在一起的作品） selections; anthology
  • 擇 : 擇動詞（挑選） select; pick; choose
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 路徑 : 1. （道路） way; route; trajectory; path; tail; travel2. （門路） method; ways and means
  • 選擇 : select; choose; opt; election; choice; culling; alternative
  • 規則 : 1. （規定的制度或章程） rule; regulation; ordination; prescribed procedure; rope 2. （整齊） regular
  1. Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants

    文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映
  2. And reached the following specific conclusions : rubber content with the increase of resistance to ageing rubber modified asphalt increased ageing after less than for low - temperature service, the quality of reduced losses, soften point increase needle into a normal degree. summed up the aging asphalt and modified asphalt laws made spent rubber for asphalt modified agents, the principles of the size options and dosage of rubber powder for spent rubber modified asphalt road asphalt in the application provided a good technical support

    得出了隨膠粉含量的增加膠粉改性瀝青的抗老化性能提高，老化后低溫延度比減小、質量損失量減小、軟化點提高，針入度呈正態分佈及改性瀝青老化的規律，提出了廢膠粉用作瀝青改性劑時粒徑選擇和摻量確定的原則，為廢膠粉改性瀝青在公路瀝青路面中的應用提供了良好的技術支持。
  3. ( 2 ) develop an urban microscopic traffic simulation system, which involves vehicle generation model, network model, traffic regulation model, signal control model, vehicle action model, route choice model and intersection turning model. ( 3 ) realize and research the method that signal cycle and phases are assigned by the traffic need. when vehicles od is known, this method can be used to decide the maximum traffic capacity of signal - controlled intersection and the evaluation reference of current control method

    模型中充分考慮了鄰道車輛對駕駛行為的影響及駕駛員的反應延遲，使模型更符合真實情況； （ 2 ）開發了城市微觀交通模擬系統：該系統包括車輛產生模型、路網模型、交通規則模型、信號燈控制模型、車輛行為模型、路徑選擇模型、路口轉向描述模型； （ 3 ）在模擬應用中實現並研究了信號燈周期及其相位按交通需求動態分配的方案，提出該項模擬可用於確定在已知od下，信號燈控制路口的最大通行能力，並可作為現有控制方案的評估依據。
  4. The state shareholders and managers of the listed company tuned the assets by the lots of unlawful related transactions and break into the benefits of the minority in the practice in china, just reflecting this phenomenon. the lack of effective inner and outsider control mechanism in the holding companies has been one of the most difficult problems in the reform to the state owned enterprises and will be the key to the normal governance corporation in holding companies. although the research to the holding company and the assignment of the control rights has been done a lot, the integration of two conceptions was not paid attention to

    本文在參考國內外學者大量文獻后，將歷史分析與邏輯分析、規范分析與實證分析相結合，對于公司控制權重新加以界定;考慮國有控股公司的特殊性質，對于目前國有控股公司內部和外部的控制權配置機制加以客觀分析，指出其中存在的制度缺陷和現實障礙;並且按照國有控股公司控制權優化配置原則，對于公司內部各利益主體之間和內部存在的博弈關系加以解析，以國有控股上市公司為例，解釋外部市場環境對于公司控制權配置的實證影響;進一步闡述了優化國有控股公司控制權配置的制度安排和路徑選擇。
  5. Rules of the game are required to choose one of the same card online, but this is to avoid other on - line brand, the path has not more than two to the turn - based, such as the elimination of this requirement for a licence points

    游戲規則是需選擇一對相同的牌聯機，但此聯機是在避開其它牌子后，呈現的路徑以不超過二轉彎處為主，如符合規定則消除此一對牌而得分。
  6. It is also a wise choice for us to appropriately understand and apply the current standards of international protection for intellectual property with the core of trips and appropriately explain the current rules in order to formulate the optimum intellectual property - protecting policies and to explore effective ways to protect interests of intellectual property in china

    轉換視角，運用法哲學與經濟學的分析方法，正視發達國家過度追求經濟利益與發展中國家追求發展之間的尖銳矛盾，正視現實中激勵創造與保護公益間的失衡，理解與運用以《與貿易有關的知識產權協議》為核心的現行知識產權國際保護標準，恰當解釋現有規則，制定我國最優知識產權實施政策，探究維護我國知識產權利益有效路徑，是我們的明智選擇。
  7. Emphasis is put on the path - plan level and trajectory - plan level according to the conditions we have. the planning method based on knowledge is proposed

    並根據現有條件，選擇路徑規劃和軌跡規劃這兩個規劃層次著重研究，提出基於規則的路徑規劃方法和按時間間隔對關節進行采樣的軌跡規劃方法。
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