通過端量規 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tōngguòduānliángguī]
通過端量規 英文
go gauge
  • 通 : 通量詞（用於動作）
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 端 : Ⅰ名詞1 （東西的頭） end; extremity 2 （事情的開頭） beginning 3 （門類; 方面） item; point 4 （原...
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 通過 : 1 （從一端到另一端） pass through; get past; traverse 2 （同意議案） adopt; pass; carry 3 （以人...
  1. Further investigated and analyzed composition structure and flow data that dsa ' s formation of image is systematic at first in this paper, carried on intact summing up to the data in the system, having given out the plan of design of high speed and large capacity data channel of digital formation of image system of x - ray ; deeper discussion of control way on sdram, give solution that many pieces of sdram works togetherses of realizing heavy capacity, designing of heavy capacity deposit board realize storing at a high speed to vision data by frame on the basis of this ; through further investigations of interface of pci bus, optimize back end state machine design and urge procedure making with lower, giving intact pci interface scheme that realize high speed dma data transmission and satisfy request of video transmitting ; further investigate the figure systematic design method of programmable logic devices, due to the difficult point of drifting about of enabled signal in fifo in common use and setting up and keeping of output signal, method has been proposed of improving stability of system making use of signal utilizing the phase locking ring in fpga to offer a lot of clocks to move thus realize coordinating the data between every module of system to transmit at a high speed by making use of fifo

    本文首先對數字減影血管造影（ dsa ）成像系統的組成結構和數據流向進行了深入研究和分析，並對系統中的數據流向進行了完整的歸納和總結，給出了x線數字成像系統中的高速大容量數據通道的設計方案；在對sdram的控制方式做了深入探討后，給出了實現大容量多條sdram共同工作的解決方案，在此基礎上設計了大容量幀存板實現對圖象數據進行高速存儲；通過對pci總線介面的深入研究，優化後端狀態機設計和低層驅動程序開發，給出了完整的pci介面方案實現高速dma數據傳輸，完全可以滿足視頻傳輸要求；深入研究了基於大規模可編程器件的數字系統設計方法，針對通用fifo使能信號漂移、輸出數據難于建立和保持等設計難點，提出了利用fpga中的鎖相環提供多個時鐘相移的信號來提高系統穩定性的解決方案，從而實現利用fifo來協調系統各模塊之間的數據高速傳輸。
  2. The safety of transmission line plays a important role in power system safety it is not only the requirement of ensure supply power reliability, but also the necessary precondition of enhance power system stabilization, to remove faulty line quickly and accurately, also keep non - faulty line continuous work when some transmission line faults current differential protection is a kind of simple, reliable and good - selective protection manner to any variety of transmission lines, power system development needs current differential protection apply to transmission lines, moreover the advancement of electric and communication technology enable current differential protection apply to transmission lines firstly, the paper discusses, analyses the research and application transmission line protection in detail, compare the principle and realistic presupposition of general line pilot protections secondly, because conventional current vector differential protection are influenced easily by load current and transitional resistance, in order to at the same time quicken protection act, the principle and criterion include work characteristic of differential protect based on fault component sampled values are studied, results shows that differential protect based on fault component sampled values excels general vector current differential protection in reliability, sensitivity and anti - saturation of current transformer in addition, synchronous current sampling methods at all terminals of line is analyzed and estimated lastly, the principle and criterion. also device design about current sampling values differential protection based on optical fiber communication, which apply to short transmission lines are concretely investigated,

    基於基爾霍夫定律的電流差動保護無論對於何種形式的輸電線路都是一種簡單、可靠、選擇性強的保護形式，電力系統的發展使得電流差動保護應用於線路保護成為需要，而電子、通信技術的發展使得電流差動保護應用於輸電線路成為可能。首先，本文對目前線路保護的研究和實際應用情況進行了討論和分析，比較了常用線路縱聯保護的實現原理和實現條件及優缺點。其次，針對常規相量電流差動保護易受正常負荷電流和故障過渡電阻影響的缺點，同時為加快差動保護的動作速度，對基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護的原理、判據、動作特性等作了討論和分析，結果表明基於故障分量瞬時采樣值電流差動保護在可靠性、靈敏度、抗電流互感器飽和方面明顯優于常規相量電流差動保護，對電流差動保護各端的同步采樣方法和數據通信也進行了分析和評價。
  3. The stability of electric power system has been being focused for a long time toprevent a power system from losing synchronism after sudden fault ， researchers have done much work and got many accomplishments this paper applied the direct feedback linearization ( dfl ) technique on the power system ， a strong nonlinear system simulation results by matlab proved this method efficiency main works and results are as follows ： this paper compared some existing methods in excitation control ， fast valve control and coordinated control respectively, analyzed the developments and actuality of nonlinear control research in brief, illustrated why ransient stability could be greatly improved by using the fast valve control in chapter 3 ， indicated the importance of coordinated control farther this paper introduced the inverse system theory, based on which ， discussed the dfl theory, pointed out which had consistency with the inverse theory, expanded the dfl theory combined the idiographic model equations ， made which adapt to the model of a single machine - infinite bus power system this paper referenced abundance articles and educed a set of equations ， which could describe the dynamical process of excitation and fast valve control for synchronous generators in the equations ， there were several very important parameters of power system - - rotor angle ( ) ， rotor speed ( ) ， generator q axis voltage ( eq ) ， transient voltage ( e ' q ) ， active power ( pe ) ， mechanical input power ( pm ) ， valve opening ( ) ， generator terminal voltage ( vt ) ， based on the model ， nonlinear coordinated controller and terminal voltage optimal controller have been designed by using the expanded dfl theory and lq optimal control theory the simulation results showed that the controller could keep power system transiently stable under the effects of a symmetrical 3 - phase short circuit fault ， which achieved better postfault regulation compared with another two routine methods ， one is the proportion excitation controller and proportion fast valve controller, the other is the proportion excitation controller and the optimal fast valve controller, which could exert good performance when met 1ittle disturbance either

    在介紹逆系統理論的基礎上，詳細介紹了dfl理論，通過比較闡明了dfl理論其本質是逆系統方法的一類，並結合具體課題推導出的模型方程將dfl理論進行了擴展，使之適應于電力系統這個強非線性對象。通過參考大量的書籍文獻推導出一套實用的可將大型汽輪發電機勵磁與汽門綜合起來進行控制的模型方程，此模型方程涵蓋了電力系統中特別引人注目的幾個量- -轉子角、轉子轉速、發電機q軸電勢eq 、暫態電勢e ' q 、有功功率pe 、機械功率pm 、汽門開度、機端電壓vt ，在此基礎上建立了實用的電力系統簡化的數學模型，並將擴展的dfl理論應用於此模型系統，結合線性二次型最優控制理論設計出大型汽輪發電機的非線性綜合控制器及機端電壓最優控制器，通過模擬實驗與採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁控制器+汽門比例控制及採用常規的按電壓偏差進行調節的比例式勵磁調節器和基於二次型性能指標設計的最優快控汽門（考慮發電機的飽和因素）進行了對比，證實了採用此種控制器可以有效地提高電力系統的暫態穩定性，並且在電力系統遭受小干擾時同樣具有良好的調節性能。
  4. The author considers as follows : ( 1 ) we should understand how to define the price of architecture products the cost of engineering and the price of engineering, we should compare the connotations of plan price, float price and market price, we should clarify how engineering cost and architecture installation engineering cost are formed and what is the difference between balance price and final accounts price ; ( 2 ) through analyzing and comparing the account bases and composing contents of enterprise individual production cost and social average production cost, analyzing from the design mechanism ' s function of auction and bid and the purpose of actualizing auction and bid, we can confirm that the foundation that the titles are weeded when judged is enterprise individual production cost, not social average production cost ; ( 3 ) the author considers there is diverge between shop drawing budget based on ration and auction and bid, carrying out bill quantity of construction works can advance the formation of cons truction - product market price, also is the outset and integrant route to close international, but though code of valuation with bill quantity of construction works has a lot of advantage to advance the form of architecture market price, we also see it has lack and it should be amended

    針對以上問題，筆者認為：應該了解建築產品價格與工程造價、工程價格是如何界定的、比較建築產品的計劃價格、浮動價格與市場價格的含義，搞清楚工程造價的構成和建築安裝工程費用的構成以及竣工結算價格與決算價格的區別；通過分析、比較建築產品的「社會平均生產成本」和「企業個別生產成本」的計算依據和構成內容，從招標投標的設計機制的功能和實施招投標的目的來分析，確認在評標中剔除低於成本價標書的依據是投標企業的個別生產成本，而不是社會平均生產成本；筆者認為以定額為計價依據的施工圖預算方法與招標投標之間存在悖論，工程量清單計價的推行是對建築產品市場價格形成改革的推進，也是建築產品價格形成方式與國際接軌的開端與必經之路，但是也必須認識到雖然《建設工程工程量清單計價規范》具有推進建築市場價格形成的諸多優勢，但仍存在不足與需要完善的地方。
  5. Using the complex potential method in the plane theory of elasticity of an anisotropic body, a series solution to the stress field of a finite plate containing multiple cracks subjected to arbitrary loads is obtained by means of the faber series expansion, and the stress intensity factors at the crack tips are calculated based on the theories of fracture mechanics. equivalence yield stress is introduced in order to consider the effects of the plastic zones, with which the strip yield criteria is developed in the article so that the effects of structural size and the crack interactions on the stress distribution can be considered accurately. the effects of plate size, crack size and crack distributions on the stress intensity factors as well as the residual strength of the plate are studied detailedly

    採用各向異性體平面彈性理論中的復勢方法，以faber級數為工具，得到了含多裂紋有限大板在任意載荷作用下應力場的級數解，並應用斷裂力學方法確定裂紋尖端的應力強度因子；引入當量屈服應力考慮裂尖塑性區的影響，提出基於帶屈服準則的剩餘強度分析模型，能夠充分考慮結構尺寸和裂紋之間相互作用對應力場的影響；通過數值計算詳細討論了結構尺寸和裂紋之間位置關系對應力強度因子和結構剩餘強度的影響規律，得到了一系列對工程應用具有實用價值的結論。
  6. In this paper, combined with the research project " study on the design, construction and quality monitoring of foundations in karst and mined - out regions along tanshao highway " financed by the department of communication of hunan province, a deep analysis has been made to find out the factors influencing the safe thickness of bearing stratum under the pile tip in karst region. three simplified models are set up to calculate the safe thickness, from which empirical calculation formulas are deduced. and a few important conclusions drawn from the discussion can be used to guide engineering practice, which are also valuable materials for the revision of current criterions later

    本文結合湖南省交通廳「潭邵高速公路巖溶及采空區路、橋基礎設計施工與質量監控方法研究」研究課題，以潭邵高速公路為工程依託，通過深入分析巖溶區基樁樁端持力層安全厚度的影響因素，提出了樁端持力層安全厚度計算的三類簡化模型，以此為基礎，推導出了樁端持力層厚度計算公式，並通過討論得到了可用於指導工程實踐的幾點重要結論，可供今後規范的修改參考；本文針對巖溶地區的特殊情況，提出了巖溶區樁基設計方法及具體設計步驟，並借鑒國內外巖溶區樁基的成功經驗，提出了巖溶區樁基設計處理幾種特殊方法，可供同類工程借鑒；另外，本文通過具體的工程實踐，系統總結了巖溶區樁基施工技術及常遇問題的處理方法。
  7. The writer passes the fixed amount and qualitative analysis, the actuality investigates and theories study combines together, thinking that the main key stiching point of the high school grammar teaching consists in : the target of the high school grammar teaching escapes from the education of the large teachers and students with learning the real fact ; the high school grammar content system originates the result in studying the grammar, but many abuses exsisr hi the grammar research, thus affect the high school grammar teaching directly or indirectly ; in the cognition of the high school grammar teaching, people also need a process for continuously inclining to science ; the limitations of the contents and arrangement also exist in the grammar teaching materials - high school grammar teaching materials that arrange according to the grammar system oneself have the limitations, the contents of the language grammar in the teaching material and arrangement also have certain limitations, such as do n ' t follow the students " regulation of cognition, there is no the contents of the grammar teaching in senior high school and the request, the grammar in junior high school does n ' t pass, in the senior high school then returns to living, gradually, etc ; furthermore, teacher ' s character and the teaching methods are n ' t well suited, do n ' t join the static grammar teaching with the dynamic grammar teaching, neglect the practical characteristics of the teaching grammar ; for a long time, the position of the meaning in the grammar teaching of the high school is n ' t fixed correctly, either higher or lower etc. from here, the writer gets a conclusion : because of the existence of the above problems, cause " grammar useless " then request " desalinate grammar " even " cancel the grammar " creation, but not grammar knowledge oneselt is useless, therefore, from now on the direction of the grammar reform in education is to resolve these problems, not desa linate and cancel

    在1898年馬建忠撰寫的第一部漢語語法專著《馬氏文通》問世到現在的一百多年裡，語法教學在中學語文學科中的地位始終沒有確定下來， 「淡化」甚至「取消」語法教學的觀點時而浮現于語文教學的理論與實踐中。問題的癥結何在?筆者通過定量與定性分析，現實調查與理論探討相結合，認為中學語法教學的主要癥結在於：中學語法教學確立的目標脫離廣大師生的教情與學情實際；中學語法內容體系來源於語法研究成果，而語法研究中存在著諸多弊端，從而直接或間接地影響著中學語法教學；人們對中學語法教學目的的認識也有一個不斷趨向科學的過程：語法教材也存在著內容及編排的局限性? ?中學語法教材的依據語法體系本身具有局限性，語文教材中的語法的內容與編排也具有一定的局限性，諸如沒有遵循學生的認識規律，高中沒有語法教學的內容和要求，語法初中沒有過關，高中則更趨回生等；再者，教師素質及教學方法不適應，沒有把靜態的語法教學與動態的語法教學結合起來，忽視了教學語法的實用性的特點；長期以來，中學語法教學的意義定位不準，不是偏高就是偏低等等，由此，筆者得出結論：由於上述問題的存在，導致了「語法無用」進而要求「淡化語法」甚至「取消語法」論調的產生，而並非語法知識本身無用，因此，今後語法教學改革的方向是解決這些問題，而不是淡化和取消。
  8. Then the coupling beams with new reinforcement layout were made an inquiry into, and the improvement on the seismic behavior by coupling beams diagonally reinforced with a few rows in end regions was found out at last, based on the observations of the experimental phenomena and the analysis of the measurement result, and by the comparison of seismic behavior by making use of hysteretic response, ductility and energy dissipation behavior, a conclusion is presented : the code for design and construction of reinforced concrete high - rise structures ( the draft asked for advise hi 2000 ) ca n ' t ensure that the coupling beams have fairly good seismic ductility ; the result of improvement of the seismic ductility of the coupling beams by the increase hi stirrups besides the strengthen of longitudinal detailing reinforcement was n ' t obvious ; the coupling beams diagonally reinforced with a few rows in end regions have fairly good mechanisms, and the ductility and the behavior of energy dissipation are better than conventionally reinforced concrete coupling beams, so it is suitable to te tised in short coupling beams

    本文通過對三根小跨高比（均為l h = 1 . 0 ）剪力墻洞口連系梁在低周反復荷載作用下的試驗，了解了嚴格按《鋼筋混凝土高層建築結構設計與施工規程》 （ 2000年徵求意見稿）設計的連梁具有的抗震性能，研究了採取增大連梁配箍量同時加強縱向構造筋的方案對抗震性能的影響，並進一步對新的配筋形式的連梁進行了探討，了解了在連梁梁端配置多排交叉斜筋方案對連梁抗震性能的改善。通過對試驗現象的觀察和量測結果的分析，利用荷載?位移滯回曲線、延性和耗能性能等指標對各個試件的抗震性能進行了比較，最後得出結論： 《鋼筋混凝土高層建築結構設計與施工規程》 （ 2000年徵求意見稿）不能保證小跨高比連梁具有較好的抗震延性：通過增大連梁配箍量同時加強縱向構造筋的方案對改善連梁的抗震延性的效果不太明顯；梁端配置多排交叉斜筋的連梁具有相對較好的受力性能，其延性和耗能性能等各項性能指標均優于普通配筋連梁，宜在深連梁中採用。
  9. To discuss farther the relation between compaction and deformability, moreover bring forward the reasonable method of roadbed compaction quality detection, the writer used the settlement data of the roadbed to validate father the correctness of the modulus value ; and demonstrated that it was not reasonable that the compactness is regarded as the only index representing compaction quality in the criterion, and demonstrated that the modulus of resilience is a credible index which represents compaction quality by contrasting the deformability of roadbed modes in the different compacted condition

    為了進一步探討路基壓實與變形之間的關系，從而確定有效的路基壓實質量檢測方法，論文以昔格達填料路堤沉降監測資料為依據驗證了路基模量取值的正確性，通過不同壓實狀態下路基變形性的對比，論證了規范中僅以壓實度控制路基壓實質量存在弊端，提出了路基填築層模量是控制路基壓實質量的可靠指標。
  10. The first part of the paper is designing the testing project for grounding resistance and insulation resistance in a new way. using 16bits ad converter with programmable control amplifier replaced the way which used changing resistance to change measure range. lt is not only improved testing precision and develop the system expediently, but also reduced the area of the circuit boardwith the new way. in order to make the electric implement safety testing system have upstanding expansibility, the software and hardware of the system adopted the modularization design. adopted mcu atmegal28 as a master mcu which control mmi, realtime clock and communication with slaver mcu. atemga8 as the slaver mcu to realize testing function. so it is easy to add or reduce the testing project. the testing implement system has been developed successfully, and the comments for the system is that it has high precision, high expansibility and easy maintain. but considering the electric implement system should have intelligence and humanity abi lity. so this paper bring forward a scheme of electric equipment safety testing embedded system with speech control. after introduce the basic theory of speech recognition, the paper expatiate the characters of this system. the system is a noise conditon, not special people, small glossary, insulation word system. with these characters design the speech recognition as fellow. utilizing cross zero ratio and short energy to ensure jumping - off point and end point ; adopting mfcc as the character parameters of speech recognition ; the character parameters than be recognized by dtw. in order to ensure the credibility of this project, first realized by matlab in computer

    在介紹了語音識別的基本原理后，闡述了本系統的特點：本系統是一個噪聲環境下非特定人、小詞匯量、孤立詞的語音識別系統。根據本系統的這些特點設計了如下語音識別方案：利用過零率和短時能量相結合的方式確定語音端點；採用mel頻率倒譜系數（ mfcc ）作為語音識別的特徵參數；得到的特徵參數最後通過動態時間規整（ dtw ）的模式識別方法進行識別。為了確保本系統實現方案的可靠性，首先通過計算機利用matlab軟體來模擬，在演算法模擬實現后又進一步增加環境的復雜性：加上較大的環境噪聲、突發性的噪聲等，再通過修改參數、修改參考模板、兩級識別等各種提高語音識別精度的方法來提廣東工業大學工學碩士學位論文高識別率。
  11. It is the only pharmacy that got the gsp ( good supply practice ) certificate sent by national medicine supervisory bureau. under the severe competition environment, no target market positioning and core competitive led the company to decline. the theme declares challenges and opportunities facing the domestic medicine retailing enterprises, analyses the macro and the micro competition environment, primary competitors, strengths and weakness of sichuan de rentang company, according to the problems, author gives the resolving program, departing the chengdu tong rentang and sichuan de rentang, implementing different positioning so as to achieve competition predominance

    四川德仁堂藥業連鎖有限公司隸屬于成都博瑞經濟發展有限公司，主營業務為中成藥、西藥、保健品、醫療器械、中藥飲片等，零售與批發並重，以零售為主，現有直營連鎖門店34家，合作店6家，加盟店10家，遍布成都市區各主要商業地段及全省主要地級市，年銷售額1 . 3億，市場佔有率為10 ，是四川省唯一一家通過國家藥品監督管理局gsp （ goodsupplypractice ? ?藥品經營質量管理規范）認證的醫藥零售連鎖企業，然而在零售渠道終端競爭日益激烈的環境下，由於企業目標市場定位不明，缺乏核心競爭力，在其繁榮表面背後隱藏著巨大的憂患及危機。
  12. The paper, through a divorce dispute in a family clan, analyzes the role and advantage of rural family clan in solving disputes and holds that, in the rural society with law tradition, clan organization can be permitted to solve disputes and family clan can be allowed to play a role in solving rural 3isputes

    摘要文章通過苗族家族場域中的一件離婚糾紛，分析了農村家族在解決糾紛方面的作用及弊端，認為在沒有法律傳統的鄉土社會，可以允許宗族組織的力量來解決糾紛，讓家族繼續在農村糾紛的解決中發揮作用，但同時也認識到由於國家法律資源的不足與農村人們法律意識的落後，也使家族成了人們規避法律的場所。
  13. It solves payment issue through sharing pos and brush card. it solves info sharing and exchanging problem by enterprise application integration it adopts research method of software engineering and uses touch - screen, network, database technology and so on to carry through total design of the system and build the software : it uses user status identify and responsibility control to ensure database and application program ' s security ; it strengthen the code by coding optimize ; it captures and discards application runtime error to enhance the system ' s stability ; it uses multimedia voice and moving picture to show help information, thus makes the system easy to use ; it greatly reduces the maintenance work of the system by self - updating function ; it is an opening system by using star - model network top structure, supporting standard network communication protocol ? tcp / ip and offering standard software interfaced criterion

    論文採用軟體工程的研究方法，使用觸摸屏、網路、數據庫等技術，進行了系統總體方案設計和軟體開發：通過對數據庫和應用程序的用戶身份識別和權限控制，保證數據存取和應用程序的安全性；通過對代碼進行優化提高了代碼的健壯性；通過捕捉並拋出系統運行時的異常錯誤提高了系統的穩定性；通過多媒體語音、圖形和動畫提示幫助信息來增強系統的易用性；客戶端程序自動升級功能提高了系統的可維護性，有效地減少了維護工作量；系統採用星型的網路拓撲結構，支持標準的tcp ip網路通訊協議和規范的軟體介面標準，具有良好的開放性。
  14. General - purpose go ring gauges and setting ring gauges for pneumatic length measuring instruments from 1 mm up to 315 mm nominal diameter

    氣動長度測量儀用標稱直徑1至315mm的通用過端環規和
  15. Steel frame with welding joint easily occur brittle collapse because of having a low ductility at joints then ， a semi - rigid connected steel frame has large the energy absorption capacity which can resist dynamic loads and the using steel qualities of bracing system and joints are small so adopting a semi - rigid jointed steel frame is economical and stable but for semi - rigid connections are complex and variable ， in conventional analysis and design of steel structures ， it is usually assumed that the connections between columns and beams are either rigid or pinned the analysis of steel frames adopting the assumption can simplify the procedure of analysis and design ， but cannot precisely reflect structural practical circumstance and the errors of calculating results are large ， even ， get incorrect conclusions semi - rigid connection was referred to in chinese code for design of steel structures ( 2001 ， 10 ) ， however ， it isn ’ t specified how to apply semi - rigid joints in design in fact it cannot be carry out the purpose of the paper give a calculating method that accords practical engineering and easily put into effect worthwhile it is going to promote the development of semi - rigid jointed steel frame in design and heighten structural stability in the paper ， at first some commonly employed methods for the modeling of connection behavior are introduced richard abbott function modeling of connection is adopted for extended end plate bolted connection by the 34 test data comparing to regression analysis indicate richard - abbott function modeling of connection represents an excellent fit to test data then after a semi - rigid joint behavior can be modeled as a finite stiffness rotation spring ， base on rotation and displacement equation derive the element stiffness matrixes with semi - rigid connections where the effects ofj ointed flexibility geometric non - linearity and shear forces in the connection deformations have been considered in and fixed - end forces are modified finally, a program for calculating semi - rigid with incremental - iterative method has been

    本文的目的就是為半剛性連接鋼框架的設計提供一種既符合工程實際又簡便易行的計算方法，供規范使用過程的補充、延伸或參考；同時，也將促進半剛性連接鋼框架設計技術的發展，為提高結構安全性能、節省工程成本發揮應有的作用。本文首先介紹了常見的幾種應用較為廣泛的樑柱連接彎矩轉角關系模型，在分析比較的基礎上，選用richard ? abbott函數模型作為外伸端板連接彎矩轉角關系模型，通過對34個外伸端板連接的實驗數據與回歸分析得到的參數比較可知，經回歸分析得到的此模型參數與實驗數據符合較好。然後用彈簧表徵連接點的轉動剛度，根據梁的轉角位移方程推導出半剛性連接的剛度矩陣，在單元剛度矩陣中考慮了節點柔性、幾何非線性和剪切變形的影響，並對固端力進行了修正，最後用增量迭代法編制有限元程序進行計算和分析。
  16. In this paper, the relation among highway alignment, vehicle operating velocity, vehicle fuel consumption and vehicle dynamics is discussed synthetically. to evaluate and optimize the design of highway alignment, a " high alignment - vehicle move and system dynamic response " model has been established. by using the computer program of the system, which is written with visual c + + 6. 0, one could easily draw out the variation curves of vehicle operating velocity, vehicle fuel consumption and some certain vehicle dynamics index

    公路線形設計以汽車行駛規律為出發點，本文嘗試以汽車系統動力學的觀點研究道路線形設計問題，針對目前設計中存在的一些問題，建立了「公路路線? ?汽車運行響應模型」 ，分為行駛速度、耗油量預測和動力學響應計算兩大模塊，主要是為了克服傳統汽車理論在指導公路路線設計時過于簡化汽車，只考慮計算行車速度的弊端，力圖通過建立「路線方案? ?行駛車速? ?力學響應」相互之間的量化關系模型，為公路線形指標的選取和優化提供一定的參考價值。
  17. The paper deals with the load distribution law and the development of side resistance and end resistance of single bored pile in loess under vertical load through a great number of tests in field on single pile employing some advanced equipments such as sliding micrometers. some examples are given to demonstrate the application of these laws into optimization design of piles

    本文通過大量的單樁現場試驗，利用瑞士滑動測微等先進測試手段，分析和研究了黃土地基中鉆孔灌注樁單樁在豎向荷載作用下側阻力和端阻力的發揮特徵及荷載分佈規律，並用實例說明了如何利用這些規律進行工程優化設計。
  18. Based on this change of natural monopoly industry, this thesis draws a conclusion on regulation reform about our country. the imagination refers to the successful experience of abroad to solve the defects of our country " s natural monopoly industry such as low quality, unreasonable price and high fee

    本文正是基於自然壟斷產業的這種變化，以國外自然壟斷產業的規制改革為藍本，通過比較分析的方法，描述我國自然壟斷產業的規制改革，以期改變目前自然壟斷產業生產效率低、服務質量差和服務收費高的傳統弊端。
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