過去成本 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [guòqùchéngběn]
過去成本 英文
historical cost
  • 過 : 過Ⅰ動詞[口語] （超越） go beyond the limit; undue; excessiveⅡ名詞（姓氏） a surname
  • 去 : 去動詞1. （用在動詞后, 表示動作離開說話人所在地） 2. （用在動詞后, 表示動作的繼續等）
  • 成 : Ⅰ動詞1 （完成; 成功） accomplish; succeed 2 （成為; 變為） become; turn into 3 （成全） help comp...
  • 本 : i 名詞1 （草木的莖或根）stem or root of plants 2 （事物的根源）foundation; origin; basis 3 （本錢...
  • 過去 : 過去in [of] the past; formerly; previously
  1. In reference to the practical changes in the deregulated markets of the advanced countries in the area of europe, america and asia and the countermeasures of the countries, combing with the problems encountered in the marketing and sales practice of the panzhihua brach of sinopec, the paper applies the swot analysis method, rationally analyzes the outside environment and inside conditions. according to the characterizes of gasoline resources, and the market situation after it transformed from the monopolistic style of planning economy to the monopolistic competition style, the paper also analyze the strengths and weakness of the industry brought by the forthcoming event of the permission of the wholesales market of gasoline. based on the above analysis, the paper posits the marketing strategic objectives and measures as follows : ensuring the management of suppliers, adding the retail and direct sales network, improving operating qualities, making the customer relationship management and realizing the multi - benefits of company and customers

    本文在營銷理論的基礎上，通過親身經歷，調查了解，深入研究了成品油在國際、國內市場中過去、現在的市場狀況和發展歷程，參考國際上歐美及亞洲發達國家先期放開成品油管制後市場的實際變化和應對措施，以及結合中石化攀枝花公司營銷工作中存在的問題，理性分析營銷外部環境和內部條件，運用swot分析法，根據成品油能源特點，就成品油市場從計劃經濟的壟斷形式轉向目前國際國內市場競爭的壟斷性競爭的形式后，對成品油批發市場即將準入后的優劣、利弊進行了分析和研究，提出了「作好供應商管理，增加零售和直銷網路、提高經營質量，充分做好客戶關系管理，實現公司和客戶共同成長」的營銷戰略目標和戰略措施。
  2. While dissertating the functions of ngos, the author attempts to discard traditional approaches discussing in general functions of ngos ’, but tries to make further expansion, clarify the functions of ngos different fields during the transformation period, and discuss mainly it ’ s two major functions in accelerating social development and the reform of the government ; meanwhile, this article also points out the main problems of ngos in the transformation period : the indeterminate circumscription between ngos and government organizations, misplaced the organization goals, undivided functions of community and politics ; the lapsus in management and difficulties in operation caused by double management system ; the low level of ngos ’ internal management, weak survival ability, and the limited ability in mobilizing resources ; deficient management evaluation mechanism in ngos ’ ; low level of legalized management of ngos ’

    在論述非政府組織的作用時，試圖拋開過去泛泛而談其作用的做法，做了進一步的拓展，釐清轉型期非政府組織在不同領域的作用，將其主要定位在對促進政府改革的作用和在社會發展中的作用兩大方面。同時，本文也指出了轉型期非政府組織存在的主要問題:非政府組織與政府組織的界限不明確，組織目標錯位，政社不分;雙重管理體製造成管理體制的漏洞和運作上的困難;非政府組織內部管理水平低，生存能力較弱，資源動員能力有限;非政府組織內部管理評估機制匱乏;非政府組織管理的法制化程度低等。
  3. This traditional building method has many shortcomings : dissever factitiously some process and nobody is responsible for connection sections, many works distributed by different departments lose managing and controlling, and many overhead costs become virtual un - control cost ; confirming the overall budget management emphases through lifecycle method, it ' s unfit for enterprise group which deals in different fields, because these deals in different fields can effect each other, and make it ' s hard to distinguish the enterprise group ' s lifecycle

    這種傳統的構建方法有許多不足之處，如：將一些作業或流程人為地割裂開來，使得它們的介面部位無人負責，眾多分佈於不同部門卻相互聯系的作業因此失去管理和控制，與此相關的眾多原本可控的間接成本因此而成為事實上的不可控成本；通過生命周期法確定企業預算管理的重點，對于多元化經營的企業集團，由於各個產業之間的互動關系，往往有生命周期淡化的特點，這種方法就顯得不是十分適宜。
  4. Similarly, in the eternal life of a human being, of a being not entirely a human being, of a sentient being, there are many sections for that reason also. but, in reality, it is a long and endless chain. as we go through our present life, there is also past and future

    同樣，永恆的生命，不一定指人而已，任何眾生也一樣，其生命由許多部分組成，它其實是無限延伸的線條，在我們過今生時也有過去和未來，因為根本沒有什麼時間空間，我們選擇時間和空間只是為了做人，然後可以做我們現在想做的事。
  5. Secondly, its content hasconflict with the system and it can make the system to a downfall. among the three characters. information organization is the most impotw andstable while benifit organization and control lbject embody the artificial operatingcharatel ii. fundamental causes of medium ' s industriazationwth the development of huznan societyindustry revolution happened in thewest accelerated society productivity and solved the technical obstacles of publicconununication meditun. bourgeois was becoming stronger and stronger andovercame feudality at last. wth the victory of bourgeois, market economy was devoloing quickly. thepublic communication medium of capitalism are now pursuing benefits bothobjectively and subjectively but it is impossible in the past and accomplished theprocess of early industriaiization. ' it is discussed from chinese public communication medium - - - - newspaper ' semergence, developing process and its sinuosityit comes to a conclusion that thefundarnental cause of the public communication medium is that benefit and controlinieract each other. that is to saywhen benefit is stronger control is weaker and viceversa. lll. the proccss of chincse mcdium and individual devclopmcntl. under the functions of intemal prusuing benefit desire and pursuing benefitcondition, it appeared the upsurge that newspapermen set up newspaper and new tvstation was set tip from l979 to l982. 2. the upsurge of a series of tv channel and enlargement in newspapel3. the cooperation of post and delivery and owning delivery also gives a rapiddevolopment to newspapers. 4. the strengthening of individual collectivization embodies that theindustrialization gets on a new stage. 5. the illtemational fimds also ellter into

    資產階級的勝利，市場經濟得以迅速發展，資產階級的大眾傳播業主完成了由過去不能追求、也沒有條件追求經濟利益而變成了主觀上努力追求，客觀條件上也能夠追求經濟利益的轉變，從而完成了大眾媒介最初的產業化過程。從中國大眾傳播媒介? ?報紙的產生，發展過程及其曲折等方面來論述，得出了大眾傳播媒介產業化的最根本動因就是利益和控制的互動，也就是說利益強時控制則弱化，當控制強時則利益弱化。三、中國大眾傳播媒介產業化進程和個體發展第一、在自身獲利慾望及外在獲利條件的雙重作用下，從1979年至1982發生了在報業的第一次辦報熱潮和發生在廣播業電視業的建臺熱。
  6. It is argued that malaysia has taken advantages of low labor cost and stable political and economic environment to merge into international multi production and technology network by the means of inflowing mncs and export - led strategy in the past rapid industrialization era, this strategy has successfully created the opportunity of technological learning ; however, restricted by the institutional failure in its innovation system, it ' s evaluated that malaysia ' s overall development of technological capability lags behind its industrial growth

    論文研究表明，在過去十幾年快速的工業化過程中，馬來西亞創新體系藉助跨國公司和出口導向戰略，成功地利用馬來西亞低成本競爭優勢和穩定的政治經濟環境進入多元化的國際生產和技術網路，為其技術深化贏得了機遇，但受限於創新體系內各種制度性失效問題，馬來西亞總體技術能力發展與其工業化發展速度並不同步。
  7. But in the past analyzing of the causes that banks face the managing risk, more attention was paid to the source of capital is not matchable with the applying structure and the period of capital, or the borrowers " credit is not known clearly to the lender and the qualification examination is not strict, as well as the account for the system and the policy

    因此，本文分析的重點是商業銀行的經營風險。但是，對于銀行所面臨的經營風險的成因分析，過去較多的集中於資金來源和資金運用的結構、期限不匹配、對借款人的資信不了解、資格審查不嚴格以及體制與政策方面的原因。
  8. A fish dealer named tsai, who has been going crazy lately as the wholesale price of milkfish has plummeted to about nt $ 28, says with exasperation : " milkfish used to be a very expensive item, which people only got when recovering from an operation or after having a baby

    最近為了虱目魚的批價一斤已經降到二十八元左右的成本價而傷透腦筋的蔡姓業者感慨地表示：過去虱目魚是很高貴的東西，開刀和坐月子的人才吃的。
  9. With the application of fabric simulation technique, textile designation becomes quite easy and effective ; designer will be released from multifarious and trivial labor and have more time or energy to engage in conceiving production ; you can obtain realistic textile pictures and need not to weave out it actually, this will lead to a great many benefits : shorten produce period rapidly, reduce running expense sharply, fasten enterprise ' s reaction to marketing, make convenient for information communication and producers will free from motiveless manufacture. along with wild employment of electronic business, producers can utilize internet to put out newly products, do business and intercommunication

    織物模擬技術的應用不僅可以提高紡織產品的設計效率，將設計人員從繁雜的勞動中解放出來、使之能夠將更多的時間和精力投入到產品構思及開發中去，而且由於不必實際生產出樣品就能夠得到具有真實感的設計效果圖，生產周期大大縮短，產品開發成本大幅降低；同時加快了企業對市場的反應速度，企業、供求之間的信息交流更加便捷、高效，消除了生產過程中的盲目性，增加了企業的競爭力。
  10. Lignin composes about 15 ~ 36 % by dry weight in norway spruce wood and has to be removed in chemical pulping for the manufacture of high quality paper. a slight decrease of lignin in wood ' s is estimated to significantly reduce the consumption of environmentally harmful chemicals during chemical pulping

    木質素的存在影響到紙漿和造紙的質量，所以在木材加工成紙漿的過程中，必須用大量的化學物質除去它，這樣不但增加生產成本，而且在處理過程中會給環境造成很大的污染。
  11. Yet, when this cherished volume was now placed in my hand - when i turned over its leaves, and sought in its marvellous pictures the charm i had, till now, never failed to find - all was eerie and dreary ; the giants were gaunt goblins, the pigmies malevolent and fearful imps, gulliver a most desolate wanderer in most dread and dangerous regions

    然而，此刻當我手裡捧著這本珍愛的書，一頁頁翻過去，從精妙的插圖中尋覓以前每試必爽的魅力時，我找到的只是怪異和凄涼。巨人成了憔悴的妖怪，矮子淪為惡毒可怖的小鬼，而格列佛則已是陷身於險境的孤獨的流浪者了。
  12. The simple story is in the world of the animation is an absolute main factor, a complicated story details turns and twists confusing link for see an animation of the audience is a tremendous burden, the market need that is in present the top interest has already replaced a traditional story to spread chen, at this interest in command age how expressed a plot to become the most important topic with the simple story, very clearly, advertise from the film of the way can feel what kind of the topic just is the need of the consumer, passed by high cost to create greatly of the advertisement mode has already not been reseen this several years, take but the generation is a film to have many interests much play, this be the typical simple story description complicated plot, give examples to say : the movie “ shrike ” is a very typical example, pure of save a princess of plot, continuously of pound at audience by the plot of " be contrary with traditional thinking " of thinking mode, i still remember at that time see that slice through behind appear details of hear the public discussion interest continuously, but hear half personal say this drama of story have much good, in fact such manuscript was the best animation manuscript, letting the audience acquire they want of plot but don ' t be pack with complicated story, this just is the animation dramatize of the tallest state, because of would like to spend money to enter into theater or spend money to purchase dvd consumer, all is want to open happy heart ' s appreciating film bear, have no burden, also be spend money to buy happy, want to remind specially of " the writing animation manuscript not is write to personal satisfy own creations desire but is face all appreciate of crowd "

    在動畫的世界里簡單的故事是絕對的要素，一個復雜的故事情節曲折迷離的環節對于看動畫的觀眾是一項極大的負擔，在現今的市場需求上趣味已經取代了傳統的故事鋪陳，在這個趣味掛帥的年代怎麼樣用簡單的故事來表現劇情變成了最重要的課題，很明確地，從影片廣告的方式可以感受到什麼樣的主題才是消費者的需求，過去高成本大製作的廣告模式這幾年已不復見，取而代之的是影片有多趣味多好玩，這就是典型的簡單故事描述復雜的劇情，舉例來說：電影史瑞克就是一個很典型的例子，單純的救公主的劇情，不斷的以「與傳統思維相反」的劇情沖擊著觀眾的思考模式，我還記得當時看完該片后出場不斷的聽到眾人討論趣味的情節，但是卻沒有聽到半個人說這部戲的故事有多棒，其實這樣的劇本就是最好的動畫劇本，讓觀眾獲得他們想要的劇情卻不以復雜的故事包裝，這才是動畫編劇的最高境界，因為願意花錢進到戲院或是花錢購買dvd的消費者，都是想開開心心的觀賞影片沒有負擔、沒有包袱，也就是花錢買開心，特別要提醒的「寫作動畫劇本並不是寫給個人滿足自己的創作慾望而是面對所有欣賞的人群」 。
  13. To save copying costs, i will provide pre - publication working papers in class, and citations are given below

    節省復制的成本，我將于課堂中提供過去發表的工作文章，並將引用列于其下。
  14. There have been a couple of successful examples such as the united state of america, germany and others who caught - up with and surpassed the great britain, followed by japan as the great success in this endeaver. but the majority of developing countries in asia, africa and latin america failed to accomplish the goal even though they tried arduously during the past more than two hundred years

    在過去二百多年的時間里，先有美國、德國等后進國家成功實現趕超英國的樣板，後有日本等國趕超先進歐美國家取得了巨大的成功的範例，而大多數亞非拉發展中國家雖然盡力趕超，卻沒有實現既定的目標。
  15. Given a table of copq data over time, the six sigma black belt should be able to perform a statistical analysis of the trend

    給出過去的劣質成本報表， 6西格瑪黑帶應能完成趨勢的統計分析。
  16. Given a table of copq data over time, the six sigma black belt should be able to perform a statistical analysis of the distribution of costs among the various categories

    給出過去的劣質成本報表， 6西格瑪黑帶應能對各類品質成本的分配情況進行統計分析。
  17. Abstract : as the result of study on practical technology of biological dephenolization in caking of benxi steel, the paper points out some problems such as wasting of industrial water, puts forward some methods solving these problems with cleaning production to improve removal rate and to reduce running cost, finally, gives technological process of cleaning production

    文摘:通過對本溪鋼鐵公司（以後簡稱本鋼）焦化度水生物脫酚實用技術的研究，分析了工藝中存在的工業水浪費等問題，提出了運用清潔生產手段提高去除效率，降低運行成本的一些方法，並給出焦化廢水處理清潔生產工藝流程。
  18. Capital may be valued at historic cost in terms of past expenditures on productive assets.

    資本可以按照生產性資本的過去費用的過去成本來進行估價。
  19. Added manager chen ; " some services require costly, difficult procedures, some of which were even impossible in the past, such as making albums, making photo indexes on an a3 paper or printing photo album mini - samples on ordinary paper. but now, with the help of the digital images, these services can be accomplished easily, simply and at low cost.

    「還不止呢， 」陳總補充道， 「像製作像冊集在一張a3紙面上製作像片索引在普通紙上印刷寫真集小樣等等過去成本過高製作困難或根本不可能實現的服務，也可以利用數碼影像得到輕松簡單和低成本地完成。
  20. The micromechanisms of fracture in engineering materials have been studied in this thesis, with particular emphasis on the dislocations behavior in the front of crack tip and the processes of crack nucleation and propagation on nanometer scale. the relation between the microprocesses of fracture and the macromechanical behaviors were investigated, which will be helpful to the strengthening and toughening of engineering materials

    本文首先對材料斷裂文獻進行綜述，了解斷裂微觀機理研究的過去成就、現狀和發展，確定本文研究的內容為工程材料斷裂的微觀機理，側重裂尖微區位錯行為和納米尺度上微裂紋形核與擴展過程及微觀組織的影響，斷裂微觀過程與宏觀力學行為的關系，為工程材料的強韌化提供理論依據。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書