r and d中文意思是什麼

r and d 的中文意思

r and d 例句

1. Tesh, r . b. and d . a. sh r oye r 1980 the mechanism of a r bovi r us t r ansova r ial t r ansmission in mosquitoes : san angelo vi r us in ae d es albopictus. am. j. t r op. mo d . hyg., 29 ( 6 ) : 1 394 1 404
   郭曉霞，趙彤言，董言德，等. 2003 .白紋伊蚊經滯育卵傳遞登革型病毒的實驗研究.中國媒介生物學及控制雜志， 14 （ 1 ） : 9 11
2. In most cases, it was foun d that the jb c r ite r ion is safe r than hg specification, but a d ve r se r esult was obtaine d when r / r is close to 0. 8 and d / t is too small ( less than 40 ). co d e in c language was wo r ke d out fo r simplifying the calculation
   在大多數情況下，按照jb標準對此種結構進行補強設計時其安全裕度要比hg標準為高；但是當開孔率接近0 . 8且d t很小時（不大於40 ） ，依jb標準補強設計后的安全裕度反而較按hg規范計算結果要小。
3. Tens of thous and s of ethnic chinese, inclu d ing some ame r ican - bo r n ones, a r e in ame r ican, cana d ian, b r itish, eu r opean and aust r alian unive r sities and r esea r ch institutes d oing high level r esea r ch and d evelopment r and d in ha r d sciences and enginee r ing
   成千成萬的華裔包括出生於美國的華裔均在美國加拿大英國歐洲和澳洲的大學及研究院從事高層次科工研究與發展。
4. In othe r wo r d s, d . bu r ke and r . engelking and d . lutze r p r ove d that a r egula r space is met r izable space if and only if it has a - he r e d ita r ily closu r e - p r ese r ving base in 1975, and int r o d uce d weakly he r e d ita r ily closu r e - p r ese r ving families, which p r ove d that a r egula r k - space has - weakly he r e d ita r ily x closu r e - p r ese r ving bases is met r izable space, too
   Burke ， r engelking和d lutzer證明了正則空間是可度量化空間當且僅當它具有遺傳閉包保持基，並引入了弱遺傳閉包保持集族（ weaklyhereditarilyclosure - preservingfamilies ） ，同時證明了具有弱遺傳閉包保持基的正則的k空間是可度量化空間。
5. Following the r esea r ch r oute of men d with stu d y and d evelopment with c r eation, give the d efinition of r isk and the metho d s of r isk i d entifying, d ivi d e the r isk attitu d e into r isk loving, r isk neut r alism and r isk avoi d ing, point out the impo r tance of enhancing the r isk consciousness fo r lightning haza r d , and summa r ize the mechanisms of lightning haza r d the theo r ies and metho d s of r isk assessment fo r lightning haza r d . p r ovi d e a set of r isk assessment pa r amete r s fo r lightning haza r d , which inclu d es lightning times n, haza r d p r obability p, haza r d loss d , haza r d r isk r and p r otection efficiency e, and give the d efinition, d ecisive facto r , value metho d and value scope of each pa r amete r . establish a r isk assessment mo d el fo r lightning haza r d which inclu d es lightning haza r d base mo d ule, lightning haza r d p r obability mo d ule, lightning haza r d loss mo d ule, lightning haza r d accepte d r isk mo d ule, lightning p r otection cost mo d ule, co r r ecting coefficient mo d ule, lightning haza r d r isk mo d ule, and lightning p r otection class and efficiency mo d ule
   遵循借鑒改造和發展創新的研究思路，給出了風險的定義和風險識別的方法，將風險態度分為風險喜好型、風險中庸型和風險逃避型，指出了提高雷電災害風險意識的重要性，總結了雷電災害的作用機制和雷電災害風險評估的理論與方法；提供了包括雷擊次數n 、雷災概率p 、雷災損失d 、雷災風險r和雷電防護級別與防護效率e等5類基本參數的雷電災害風險評估參數體系，並給出了各個參數的定義、參數的決定因素和取值方法以及取值范圍；設計了包括雷電災害基礎模塊、雷電災害概率評估模塊、雷電災害損失評估模塊、雷電災害允許風險評估模塊、雷電防護成本評估模塊、校正系數模塊、雷電災害風險評估模塊、雷電防護級別與效率分析模塊等8個模塊的雷電災害風險評估模型，評估模型以iec61662的評估模型為基本參考，以雷災損失d為中心，把雷災風險劃分為經濟雷災風險r _ e和人身雷災風險r _ l ，並對r _ e和r _ l分開單獨處理。
6. The r efo r e, d omestic r and d and life - long e d ucation must r eceive ample emphasis
   因此本土研發終身學習等都值得全力推動。
7. The r ajas of outsou r cing a r e taking on r and d and compute r - ai d e d enginee r ing
   Google在過去也曾多次入選該排行榜，並且位居第一。
8. Kevin and joanna a r e d iscussing the impo r tance of r and d in r elation to the d evelopment of the company
   凱文和喬安娜正在討論研發對公司發展的重要性。
9. Joanna : r esea r ch and d evelopment, without a d oubt. without the p r ope r r and d to get a p r o d uct sta r te d , it won ' t go anywhe r e
   喬安娜：毋庸置疑，是研發。沒有適當的研發來推出新品，一切就都免談了。
10. Leste r ： i ag r ee, but r emembe r , ou r investo r s may see r and d costs as money spent without the possibility of an imme d iate r etu r n
    雷斯特：我同意，不過要記住，我們的投資者可能會將研發成本視為無法立即回收的投資。
11. Kevin : i ag r ee, but r emembe r , ou r investo r s may see r and d costs as money spent without the possibility of an imme d iate r etu r n
    凱文：我同意，不過要記住，我們的投資商可能會將研發成本視為無法立即取得回報的投資。
12. Kevin : yes, i ' ve sta r te d , and i ' ve foun d some goo d people fo r r and d . oh, by the way, the a r t people calle d to d iscuss the d esign of ou r logos
    凱文：是的，已經開始了，而且我也找到了幾個不錯的研發人員。哦，對了，美術設計人員打電話來說要討論一下我們的標識設計。
13. Ou r gove r nment is spa r ing no effo r ts in policies and fun d ing to p r omote r and d . i myself was fo r tunate enough to be heavily involve d in this a r ea in the 1980s, and r esults a r e beginning to show
    我們的政府正不遺餘力地在政策和資金上促進研究與發展。我於80年代投入這一方面的工作，目前已開始有了一些成績。
14. Inclu d ing the cost of paying employees in stock, mic r osoft spent 6. 8 billion on r and d last yea r , but sai d that numbe r woul d be slightly lowe r at a r oun d 6 billion in fiscal 2005 d ue to the lowe r costs of issuing stock awa r d s
    公司去年包括支付員工股票在內的研發成本為68億美元，但稱因發行股票獎勵成本下降，公司2005財年的數字將低於上財年。
15. E. e. enochs put fo r wo r d the concepts of injective ( p r ojective o r flat ) ( p r e ) cove r and ( p r e ) envelope in the ea r ly 1980s ", a lot of a r ticles have stu d ie d existence and uniqueness of such ( p r e ) cove r s and ( p r e ) envelopes, the p r ope r ty of thei r ke r nels o r coke r nels, and cha r acte r many special r ings. mo r eove r , if such kin d of ( p r e ) cove r s o r ( p r e ) envelopes exist, we can const r uct a complete injective ( p r ojective o r flat ) r esolvent ( calle d r esolution when exact ) and a pa r tial injective ( p r ojective o r flat ) r esolvent, and if r is a r ing, we can stu d y the r elationship of its left global d imension l. d ( r ) ( o r its weak d imension w ( r ) ) and the p r ope r ties of syzygies ( o r cosyzygies ) of a r esolvent ( o r r esolution ), and the r elationship of its left global d imension l. d ( r ) ( o r its weak d imension ) and the exactness of a r esolvent ( o r r esolution )
    自八十年代初e . e . enochs首次提出並研究內射（投射、平坦） （預）蓋及內射（投射、平坦） （預）包這些概念以來，大批論文研究此類包、蓋的存在性、唯一性問題以及它們的核、上核的性質，並據此刻畫了一些常見的特殊環；更進一步地，當此類包、蓋存在時，我們可構造相應的完全投射（平坦、內射）預解式（當正合時稱為完全分解式）以及單邊投射（平坦、內射）預解式，研究了環的左（右）總體維數、弱維數與此類分解式的合沖模（或上合沖模）的性質、復形正合性之間的關系。
16. Ha r vesting technology in d ouble - ha r vest r ice r egions and r amp; d of combine ha r vesting machine
    雙季稻區收獲農藝及先進適用聯合收割機型譜
17. Communicative action, new i d eas, and r amp; d r isks
    觀念創新與研發風險
18. R . o. d r ust oxi d ation and d iscolou r ation
    銹損氧化和變色
19. Impo r tant p r og r ess was ma d e in majo r r and d p r ojects, inclu d ing those to d esign and d evelop a d vance d integ r ate d ci r cuit chips, thi r d - gene r ation mobile communications, high - pe r fo r mance composite mate r ials, and high - g r a d e, d igitally cont r olle d machine tools
    在科技方面，加強了國家創新體系基礎研究和基礎設施建設。集成電路晶元設計開發第三代移動通信高性能復合材料高檔數控機床研製等重大科技專項取得重要進展。
20. Google has become the place to get r ich. but that a r gument goes only so fa r . it ca n ' t explain why kai - fu lee, a mic r osoft executive, joine d google this summe r - afte r the ipo bonanza - to become hea d of its new r and d cente r in china
    據統計，微軟旗下的員工為6萬名左右，而銷售額已經達到了400億美元，平均每位員工身上的銷量摺合65萬美元，這個數字足足是ibm的兩倍之多。

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