r and d 中文意思是什麼

r and d 解釋
R and D,R & D=research and development 研究與發展。

  • r : 1 〈拉丁語〉 recipe 【醫學】處方。2 radical 3 Reaumur 4 〈拉丁語〉 Rex Regina 5 radius 6 ratio 7 ...
  • and : n. 1. 附加條件。2. 〈常 pl. 〉附加細節。
  • d :
  1. Tesh, r. b. and d. a. shroyer 1980 the mechanism of arbovirus transovarial transmission in mosquitoes : san angelo virus in aedes albopictus. am. j. trop. mod. hyg., 29 ( 6 ) : 1 394 1 404

    郭曉霞,趙彤言,董言德,等. 2003 .白紋伊蚊經滯育卵傳遞登革型病毒的實驗研究.中國媒介生物學及控制雜志, 14 ( 1 ) : 9 11
  2. In most cases, it was found that the jb criterion is safer than hg specification, but adverse result was obtained when r / r is close to 0. 8 and d / t is too small ( less than 40 ). code in c language was worked out for simplifying the calculation

    在大多數情況下,按照jb標準對此種結構進行補強設計時其安全裕度要比hg標準為高;但是當開孔率接近0 . 8且d t很小時(不大於40 ) ,依jb標準補強設計后的安全裕度反而較按hg規范計算結果要小。
  3. Tens of thousands of ethnic chinese, including some american - born ones, are in american, canadian, british, european and australian universities and research institutes doing high level research and development r and d in hard sciences and engineering

    成千成萬的華裔包括出生於美國的華裔均在美國加拿大英國歐洲和澳洲的大學及研究院從事高層次科工研究與發展。
  4. In other words, d. burke and r. engelking and d. lutzer proved that a regular space is metrizable space if and only if it has a - hereditarily closure - preserving base in 1975, and introduced weakly hereditarily closure - preserving families, which proved that a regular k - space has - weakly hereditarily x closure - preserving bases is metrizable space, too

    Burke , r engelking和d lutzer證明了正則空間是可度量化空間當且僅當它具有遺傳閉包保持基,並引入了弱遺傳閉包保持集族( weaklyhereditarilyclosure - preservingfamilies ) ,同時證明了具有弱遺傳閉包保持基的正則的k空間是可度量化空間。
  5. Following the research route of mend with study and development with creation, give the definition of risk and the methods of risk identifying, divide the risk attitude into risk loving, risk neutralism and risk avoiding, point out the importance of enhancing the risk consciousness for lightning hazard, and summarize the mechanisms of lightning hazard the theories and methods of risk assessment for lightning hazard. provide a set of risk assessment parameters for lightning hazard, which includes lightning times n, hazard probability p, hazard loss d, hazard risk r and protection efficiency e, and give the definition, decisive factor, value method and value scope of each parameter. establish a risk assessment model for lightning hazard which includes lightning hazard base module, lightning hazard probability module, lightning hazard loss module, lightning hazard accepted risk module, lightning protection cost module, correcting coefficient module, lightning hazard risk module, and lightning protection class and efficiency module

    遵循借鑒改造和發展創新的研究思路,給出了風險的定義和風險識別的方法,將風險態度分為風險喜好型、風險中庸型和風險逃避型,指出了提高雷電災害風險意識的重要性,總結了雷電災害的作用機制和雷電災害風險評估的理論與方法;提供了包括雷擊次數n 、雷災概率p 、雷災損失d 、雷災風險r和雷電防護級別與防護效率e等5類基本參數的雷電災害風險評估參數體系,並給出了各個參數的定義、參數的決定因素和取值方法以及取值范圍;設計了包括雷電災害基礎模塊、雷電災害概率評估模塊、雷電災害損失評估模塊、雷電災害允許風險評估模塊、雷電防護成本評估模塊、校正系數模塊、雷電災害風險評估模塊、雷電防護級別與效率分析模塊等8個模塊的雷電災害風險評估模型,評估模型以iec61662的評估模型為基本參考,以雷災損失d為中心,把雷災風險劃分為經濟雷災風險r _ e和人身雷災風險r _ l ,並對r _ e和r _ l分開單獨處理。
  6. Therefore, domestic r and d and life - long education must receive ample emphasis

    因此本土研發終身學習等都值得全力推動。
  7. The rajas of outsourcing are taking on r and d and computer - aided engineering

    Google在過去也曾多次入選該排行榜,並且位居第一。
  8. Kevin and joanna are discussing the importance of r and d in relation to the development of the company

    凱文和喬安娜正在討論研發對公司發展的重要性。
  9. Joanna : research and development, without a doubt. without the proper r and d to get a product started, it won ' t go anywhere

    喬安娜:毋庸置疑,是研發。沒有適當的研發來推出新品,一切就都免談了。
  10. Lester : i agree, but remember, our investors may see r and d costs as money spent without the possibility of an immediate return

    雷斯特:我同意,不過要記住,我們的投資者可能會將研發成本視為無法立即回收的投資。
  11. Kevin : i agree, but remember, our investors may see r and d costs as money spent without the possibility of an immediate return

    凱文:我同意,不過要記住,我們的投資商可能會將研發成本視為無法立即取得回報的投資。
  12. Kevin : yes, i ' ve started, and i ' ve found some good people for r and d. oh, by the way, the art people called to discuss the design of our logos

    凱文:是的,已經開始了,而且我也找到了幾個不錯的研發人員。哦,對了,美術設計人員打電話來說要討論一下我們的標識設計。
  13. Our government is sparing no efforts in policies and funding to promote r and d. i myself was fortunate enough to be heavily involved in this area in the 1980s, and results are beginning to show

    我們的政府正不遺餘力地在政策和資金上促進研究與發展。我於80年代投入這一方面的工作,目前已開始有了一些成績。
  14. Including the cost of paying employees in stock, microsoft spent 6. 8 billion on r and d last year, but said that number would be slightly lower at around 6 billion in fiscal 2005 due to the lower costs of issuing stock awards

    公司去年包括支付員工股票在內的研發成本為68億美元,但稱因發行股票獎勵成本下降,公司2005財年的數字將低於上財年。
  15. E. e. enochs put forword the concepts of injective ( projective or flat ) ( pre ) cover and ( pre ) envelope in the early 1980s ", a lot of articles have studied existence and uniqueness of such ( pre ) covers and ( pre ) envelopes, the property of their kernels or cokernels, and character many special rings. moreover, if such kind of ( pre ) covers or ( pre ) envelopes exist, we can construct a complete injective ( projective or flat ) resolvent ( called resolution when exact ) and a partial injective ( projective or flat ) resolvent, and if r is a ring, we can study the relationship of its left global dimension l. d ( r ) ( or its weak dimension w ( r ) ) and the properties of syzygies ( or cosyzygies ) of a resolvent ( or resolution ), and the relationship of its left global dimension l. d ( r ) ( or its weak dimension ) and the exactness of a resolvent ( or resolution )

    自八十年代初e . e . enochs首次提出並研究內射(投射、平坦) (預)蓋及內射(投射、平坦) (預)包這些概念以來,大批論文研究此類包、蓋的存在性、唯一性問題以及它們的核、上核的性質,並據此刻畫了一些常見的特殊環;更進一步地,當此類包、蓋存在時,我們可構造相應的完全投射(平坦、內射)預解式(當正合時稱為完全分解式)以及單邊投射(平坦、內射)預解式,研究了環的左(右)總體維數、弱維數與此類分解式的合沖模(或上合沖模)的性質、復形正合性之間的關系。
  16. Harvesting technology in double - harvest rice regions and r amp; d of combine harvesting machine

    雙季稻區收獲農藝及先進適用聯合收割機型譜
  17. Communicative action, new ideas, and r amp; d risks

    觀念創新與研發風險
  18. R. o. d rust oxidation and discolouration

    銹損氧化和變色
  19. Important progress was made in major r and d projects, including those to design and develop advanced integrated circuit chips, third - generation mobile communications, high - performance composite materials, and high - grade, digitally controlled machine tools

    在科技方面,加強了國家創新體系基礎研究和基礎設施建設。集成電路晶元設計開發第三代移動通信高性能復合材料高檔數控機床研製等重大科技專項取得重要進展。
  20. Google has become the place to get rich. but that argument goes only so far. it ca n ' t explain why kai - fu lee, a microsoft executive, joined google this summer - after the ipo bonanza - to become head of its new r and d center in china

    據統計,微軟旗下的員工為6萬名左右,而銷售額已經達到了400億美元,平均每位員工身上的銷量摺合65萬美元,這個數字足足是ibm的兩倍之多。
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