擔負義務 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [dānfùyìwù]
擔負義務 英文
assume obligation
  • 擔 : 擔動詞1. （用肩膀挑） carry on a shoulder pole 2. （擔負; 承當） take on; undertake
  • 負 : Ⅰ名詞1 （負擔） burden; load 2 （虧損） loss 3 （失敗） defeat Ⅱ動詞1 [書面語] （背） carry on th...
  • 義 : Ⅰ名詞1 （正義） justice; righteousness 2 （情誼） human ties; relationship 3 （意義） meaning; si...
  • 務 : Ⅰ名詞1 （事情） affair; business 2 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ動詞1 （從事; 致力） be engaged in; devote...
  • 擔負 : bear; shoulder; take on; undertake; be charged with
  1. This article consists of five parts as following : mortgage of uncompleted building was originated from the common law and the law of hong kong, so the paper probes into its meaning - the transformation of the specific property right ; when the debtor fails to perform his duty, the creditor can obtain the title determinately ; the debtor enjoys the right of redeeming the collateral security through fulfilling his debt, the creditor has the obligation of returning the property at the same time. secondly, the author summaries its essential feature on the practice of the real estate mortgage hi the mainland of china - the target of the mortgage is a kind of expective interest ; the mortgage is a kind of guarantee which is settled through making over the interests in expectancy ; the risk of the mortgaged uncompleted building should be borne by the realty company instead of the mortgagor ; the phase of the mortgage ; mortgage is realized in a particular way. thirdly, on the basis of analyzing the legal nexus that is involved, the paper points out that the legal ne xus of the mortgage is just between the mortgagor and the mortgagee

    樓花按揭作為一種擔保方式起源於英美法上的mortgage ，所以本文第一部分首先探討了mortgage在英美法上的含義：特定財產權利的轉移；在債務人不履行債務時，債權人可以確定地取得所有權；債務人享有通過履行債務而贖回擔保物的權利，同時債權人負有交還財產的義務。其次，就我國的樓花按揭實踐總結了其基本特徵：樓花按揭涉及兩個合同三方當事人；樓花按揭的標的是一種期待性利益；樓花按揭是通過轉讓物業權益而設定的一種擔保方式；預售樓花滅失的風險應有開發商承擔；樓花按揭的階段性；樓花按揭實現方式的特殊性。最後，分析了樓花按揭所牽涉的各個法律關系，認為真正的樓花按揭法律關系只是購房人與銀行之間的按揭貸款關系，按揭當事人只有購房人（按揭人）與銀行。
  2. Except the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the contracting parties to a collective agreement independently acquire. the rights and perform the duties thereunder

    團體協約當事人除前項規定外，各自獨立取得權利、負擔義務。
  3. Part iiilegal issues upon the reform of toll and tax in countryside this part is concentrated to show six problems that the reform of toll and tax in countryside is to be up against and is to be peremptorily settled as following : the first one, in the confirming of agricultural tax, it is very difficult to protect the farmer ' s rights fairly because of unscientific of the evidence at assessment, highly of tax rate, and the absence of law and statute correlatively ; the second one, on the tax levying, there lack of legal systems that is to supervise and run, especially lack of law and statute which lead to collect agricultural special tax canonically ; the third one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside extrudes unbalance burden among farmers and countries, and lead to unevenly between subject of tax payment, which breaches the legal rule of balanceable tax ; the fourth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside faces the danger that farmers " burden tends to rebound because of weakly carry through legal rule on tax statutory and absent of law and statute correlatively ; the fifth one, the reform of toll and tax in countryside affects the finance and revenue - expenditure auditing of the grass roots and father affects the grass roots to raise fee upon public construction and education, as a result, there ' s more charge that is out of law, the monocracy of grass roots " finance ought to be carry out ; the sixth one, legal measures connect with the reform of toll and tax in countryside in dire need of to be built, which mainly conclude legal system that adjust country social security, country compulsory education and country debt

    第三部分? ?農村稅費改革的法律課題集中展示了農村稅費改革所面臨且亟待解決的六大法律問題。即：其一，在確定農業稅上，計稅依據不科學、稅率偏高、相關法律規范缺失，無法平等保護農民的合法權益；其二，在農村稅收的徵收上，缺乏行之有效的法律監督和運行機制，尤其是農業特產稅的徵收缺乏保障據實徵收的法律規范;其三，稅費改革凸顯農民之間、農村之間的負擔不均，使納稅主體的權利義務失衡，有悖稅負均衡的法律原則;其四，由於稅收法定主義沒有得到有效貫徹，規制農民負擔反彈方面的法律法規缺位，致使農村稅費改革潛伏著農民負擔反彈的風險;其五，稅費改革影響基層組織的財政收支，進而影響鄉村公益事業建設及教育經費的籌措，引發稅外亂收費沉渣泛起，基層財政體製法治化勢在必行;其六，與稅費改革相關的配套法律措施巫待構建，主要是農村社會保障法律體系、鄉村義務教育和鄉村債務疏導的法律支撐魚待構建與完善。第四部分一一農村稅費改革與相關法律制度的構建基於上一部分提出的法律問題，力圖構築農村稅費改革的法律框架並提出相應對策。
  4. （ including ， without limitation ， indebtedness owing by seller to third parties who have granted buyer a security interest in the accounts ， chattel paper and general intangibles of said third party ； and further including ， without limitation ， any and all attorneys fees ， expenses ， costs ， premiums ， charges and interest owed by seller to buyer ， whether under the agreements ， or otherwise ） whether due or not due ， absolute or contingent ， liquidated or unliquidated ， determined or undetermined ， whether seller may be liable individually or jointly with others ， whether recovery upon such indebtedness may be or hereafter becomes barred by any statute of limitations or whether such indebtedness may be or hereafter becomes otherwise unenforceable ， and includes sellers prompt ， full and faithful performance ， observance and discharge of each and every term ， condition ， agreement ， representation ， warranty undertaking and provision to be performed by seller under these agreements

    這里的術語「負債」 「債務」 （以下一併簡稱為債務）應按照各自最廣泛的含義被使用，債務包括賣方先前、現在和今後，基於自願或非自願發生的所有預付款、負債、債務和責任，不論債務如何產生， （包括但不限於，賣方對已用自己的帳戶、動產文書或一般無體物向買方提供擔保利益的第三方之負債，並進而包括但不限於，賣方在協議等項下欠付買方的全部律師費、支出、費用、保險費、運費和利息） ，不論債務是否已經到期、是否必然發生、是否已清算、是否已決，不論賣方是單獨或與他人連帶承擔責任，不論債務的追償是否已經或將會受到時效法的阻礙，也不論債務是否已經或將要無法強制執行，賣方應當即時、充分和善意的履行、遵守和完成全部條款、條件、協議、陳述、擔保義務和這些協議項下賣方應當履行的條款。
  5. （ including ， without limitation ， indebtedne owing by seller to third parties who have granted buyer a security interest in the accounts ， chattel paper and general intangibles of said third party ； and further including ， without limitation ， any and all attorneys fees ， expe es ， costs ， premiums ， charges and interest owed by seller to buyer ， whether under the agreements ， or otherwise ） whether due or not due ， a olute or contingent ， liquidated or unliquidated ， determined or undetermined ， whether seller may be liable individually or jointly with others ， whether recovery upon such indebtedne may be or hereafter becomes barred by any statute of limitatio or whether such indebtedne may be or hereafter becomes otherwise unenforceable ， and includes sellers prompt ， full and faithful performance ， o ervance and discharge of each and every term ， condition ， agreement ， representation ， warranty undertaking and provision to be performed by seller under these agreements

    這里的術語「負債」 「債務」 （以下一併簡稱為債務）應按照各自最廣泛的含義被使用，債務包括賣方先前、現在和今後，基於自願或非自願發生的所有預付款、負債、債務和責任，不論債務如何產生， （包括但不限於，賣方對已用自己的帳戶、動產文書或一般無體物向買方提供擔保利益的第三方之負債，並進而包括但不限於，賣方在協議等項下欠付買方的全部律師費、支出、費用、保險費、運費和利息） ，不論債務是否已經到期、是否必然發生、是否已清算、是否已決，不論賣方是單獨或與他人連帶承擔責任，不論債務的追償是否已經或將會受到時效法的阻礙，也不論債務是否已經或將要無法強制執行，賣方應當即時、充分和善意的履行、遵守和完成全部條款、條件、協議、陳述、擔保義務和這些協議項下賣方應當履行的條款。
  6. The terms indebtedness and obligations are （ hereinafter collectively referred to as the obligations ） used herein in their most comprehensive sense and include any and all advances ， debts ， obligations and liabilities of seller ， heretofore ， now ， or hereafter made ， incurred or created ， whether voluntarily or involuntarily ， and however arising （ including ， without limitation ， indebtedness owing by seller to third parties who have granted buyer a security interest in the accounts ， chattel paper and general intangibles of said third party ； and further including ， without limitation ， any and all attorneys fees ， expenses ， costs ， premiums ， charges and interest owed by seller to buyer ， whether under the agreements ， or otherwise ） whether due or not due ， absolute or contingent ， liquidated or unliquidated ， determined or undetermined ， whether seller may be liable individually or jointly with others ， whether recovery upon such indebtedness may be or hereafter becomes barred by any statute of limitations or whether such indebtedness may be or hereafter becomes otherwise unenforceable ， and includes sellers prompt ， full and faithful performance ， observance and discharge of each and every term ， condition ， agreement ， representation ， warranty undertaking and provision to be performed by seller under these agreements

    這里的術語「負債」 「債務」 （以下一併簡稱為債務）應按照各自最廣泛的含義被使用，債務包括賣方先前、現在和今後，基於自願或非自願發生的所有預付款、負債、債務和責任，不論債務如何產生， （包括但不限於，賣方對已用自己的帳戶、動產文書或一般無體物向買方提供擔保利益的第三方之負債，並進而包括但不限於，賣方在協議等項下欠付買方的全部律師費、支出、費用、保險費、運費和利息） ，不論債務是否已經到期、是否必然發生、是否已清算、是否已決，不論賣方是單獨或與他人連帶承擔責任，不論債務的追償是否已經或將會受到時效法的阻礙，也不論債務是否已經或將要無法強制執行，賣方應當即時、充分和善意的履行、遵守和完成全部條款、條件、協議、陳述、擔保義務和這些協議項下賣方應當履行的條款。
  7. The underwriter acting warrantee that assures insurance is offerred to obligee assure, if add up to synonymous wu to perhaps have criminality as a result of warrantee nonperformance, cause obligee to get pecuniary loss, lose liability to pay compensation by the underwriter

    保證保險的保險人代被保證人向權利人提供擔保，假如由於被保證人不履行合同義務或者有犯罪行為，致使權利人受到經濟損失，由保險人負賠償責任。
  8. A multi - modal carriage operator is responsible for performing, or arranging for performance of, the multi - modal carriage contract, and it enjoys the rights and assumes the obligations of a carrier throughout the course of carriage

    第三百一十七條多式聯運經營人負責履行或者組織履行多式聯運合同，對全程運輸享有承運人的權利，承擔承運人的義務。
  9. As to the doctrine of liability fixation the author thought that, in line with the duty of care of different subject of misrepresentation, ve should built three different standards consequently which were strict liability, fault liability liability on willfulness. as to cautionary relation, this thesis maintained that it could be classified into cautionary relation on transaction and cautionary relation on loss, and that the former was the fast knot on the question of cautionary relation on civil responsibility of misrepresentation, and that we should built presumptive rule on cautionary relation referring to the relative institute of america

    關于歸責原則，作者認為應當根據不同虛假陳述主體對信息披露所負的注意義務提出嚴格責任、過失責任和故意責任三個相應歸責標準，其中，嚴格責任適用於證券發行人，過失責任適用於除發行人之外的其他所有信息披露文體，故意責任適用於中介機構承擔連帶這種特定情形。損害後果作為虛假陳述的必備要件之一，僅限於財產上的損害。對于因果關系，文章將其分為交易的因果關系和損失的因果關系，認為前者是虛假陳述民事責任因果關系的癥結所在。
  10. A party who is bound to take steps to preserve the goods may deposit them in a warehouse of a third person at the expense of the other party provided that the expense incurred is not unreasonable. article 88

    有義務採取措施以保全貨物的一方當事人，可以把貨物寄放在第三方的倉庫，由另一方當事人擔負費用，但該項費用必須合理。
  11. All party members, those who take on leadership work as well as the rank and file, should treat each other as equals, equally enjoy all rights to which they are entitled and fulfil all the duties they are expected to perform

    不論是擔負領導工作的黨員，或者是普通黨員，都應以平等態度互相對待，都平等地享有一切應當享有的權利，履行一切應當履行的義務。
  12. As a rapid developing country, china needs to combine both patriotism and internationalism, to abandon narrow - defined nationalism, to bear our necessary responsibility as an international member state

    中國作為迅速發展的國家，需要將愛國主義和國際主義結合起來，擯棄狹隘民族主義思想，擔負國際社會成員應盡的責任和義務。
  13. However, in ageing, modernization and urbanization wave impact, china ' s rural families is from mainstay family or joint family to nuclear family in the process of gradual transforming, the old - age concept has undergone enormous changes

    然而今天贍養父母卻成了兒女們極大的負擔，都極力迴避這一責任和義務，過去那種母慈子孝的社會已大打折扣。
  14. Article 87. when there are two or more creditors or debtors to a deal, each of the joint creditors shall be entitled to demand that the debtor fulfil his obligations, in accordance with legal provisions or the agreement between the parties ; each of the joint debtors shall be obliged to perform the entire debt, and the debtor who performs the entire debt shall be entitled to ask the other joint debtors to reimburse him for their shares of the debt

    第八十七條債權人或者債務人一方人數為二人以上的，依照法律的規定或者當事人的約定，享有連帶權利的每個債權人，都有權要求債務人履行義務負有連帶義務的每個債務人，都負有清償全部債務的義務，履行了義務的人，有權要求其他負有連帶義務的人償付他應當承擔的份額。
  15. Article 87 when there are two or more creditors or debtors to a deal, each of the joint creditors shall be entitled to demand that the debtor fulfil his obligations, in accordance with legal provisions or the agreement between the parties ; each of the joint debtors shall be obliged to perform the entire debt, and the debtor who performs the entire debt shall be entitled to ask the other joint debtors to reimburse him for their shares of the debt

    第八十七條債權人或者債務人一方人數為二人以上的，依照法律的規定或者當事人的約定，享有連帶權利的每個債權人，都有權要求債務人履行義務；負有連帶義務的每個債務人，都負有清償全部債務的義務，履行了義務的人，有權要求其他負有連帶義務的人償付他應當承擔的份額。
  16. They believe that the damages should be borne by the party concerned who has the capability of cost dissipation, and, with the enterprise who creates danger adding the losses it undertakes to the cost of its product, be finally dissipated to thousands and thousands pf consumers who buy the product, reaching the goal of allocation of losses in cost. the liability for damages should be assumed by the party who is capable of performing the duty of awareness and avoiding the accident. the victim normally has not such capability while the danger creator does have the capability to prevent the damage occurring

    認為損害應由具有成本分散能力的一方當事人承擔，通過製造危險的企業將其商品的成本中加入其所承擔的損失，而分散給購買其商品的千千萬萬個消費者而達到成本分攤損失的目的；損害責任應由有能力採取注意義務；避免意外事故發生的當事人負責，受害人一般無此能力，相反危險的製造者則有能力避免損害發生；基於公平的觀念，製造危險者往往從危險活動中受益，由其承擔損失是正義的要求；危險責任的成立，也是訴訟上證據保全的要求，即從事異常危險沼動所導致的損害事件，例如炸藥爆炸、大量汽油爆炸以及飛機失事等、意外事故，查常破壞這些事件過程中的證據，使證據滅失，而由原告證，明被告過失顯然不能，因此對被告的高度危險性活動所生損害應負嚴格責任。
  17. The trend of the legislation in many countries, the parties prosecute civil action must follow the principle of good faith and bear the obligation to find true fact

    而當事人實施訴訟行為應遵守誠實信用原則及負有真實義務，違反者應承擔一定法律效果，已為近年來各國立法之所趨。
  18. In the labour contract law which is being drawn up now, the law should make employer undertake the obligation of sign written form contracts and the employer must take the consequence when he break the law, moreover, inversion of onus probandi should be adopted in the judgement of actual labour relationship

    在我國正在制訂的《勞動合同法》中，應規定用人單位負有簽訂書面勞動合同的基本義務和承擔違背該義務的法律責任，並規定簽訂合同的期限，而且在認定勞動關系時應採用舉證責任倒置原則。
  19. We then discuss, from the perspective of economies of scale and economies of scope, the proper construction of the organizational and structural framework of a financial holding company and its subsidiaries to ensure that there is appropriate arrangement of the controlling - subsidiary relationship under the basic legal structure in respect of the size of business and the allocation of personnel in order to generate economic returns. the second chapter elaborates the financial holding companies and their subsidiaries, and seeks to provide possible solutions for challenges encountered. based on the author ’ s relevant experience in taiwan, this paper proposes a feasible arrangement of the organization and supervisory system for the board of directors, the supervisory board ( the board of corporate auditors ) and the management level, the underlying framework of which is mainly based on the regulatory structure of the us financial holding companies

    第三章就監事責任及職權詳細研究，由於中國采大陸法系之立法，對監事責任之掌握較不具體，爰引述了英美受託義務（ fiduciaryduty ）之觀念進行分析，而就監事職權，相對的也是職責，則提出世界上較有表彰性的立法加以補充，希望可以填補其不足，最後比較監事會與獨立董事、審計委員會之各項功能，認為美國公司體制之董事會已漸將經營職能轉予首席執行官（ chiefexecutiveofficer ） ，而留下監督之職能，故可以審計委員會擔負監察職能之前置工作，而觀諸中國之社會經濟情勢，如徑予採行，將出現缺漏，故建議維持監事制度。
  20. Control : do team members hold each other accountable for project timelines, commitments, and results

    內部控制：團隊成員是否對項目時間安排、應承擔的義務和結果等共同負有責任？
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