最低限度一致 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [zuìdīxiàndùyīzhì]
最低限度一致
英文
minimally consistent-
Under the horizontal earthquake action and wind force, aim at " the pure frame structure with rectangle columns ", " the pure frame structure with special - shaped columns ", " the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns " and " frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns ", earthquake action analysis was done by the spacial finite element method through the changes structural parameter. analyzing systematically " structure vibration mode ", " vibration period ", " structure lateral rigidity ", " seismic action force ", " seismic response force ", " floor seismic shear force ", " lateral horizontal displacement of structure " and " members internal force ". results indicate : ( 1 ) based on equal area, the special - shaped columns replaced the rectangle columns, the structural lateral rigidity enlarges, the lateral displacement minishes obviously, the earthquake response increase slightly, the biggest increasing amount of frame columns axis - compress ratio is smaller than 0. 08. the whole aseismic performance of structure has improved ; ( 2 ) when the section ' s length and section ' s thickness ratio of special - shaped columns is smaller than 3. 6, the structure benefits to resist seismic action ; ( 3 ) the angle of horizontal seismic action with the whole coordinate is 0 degree, structure earthquake response is bigger, belonging to a control factor of structure aseismic design ; ( 4 ) the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns and the " a " - brace has the biggest lateral rigidity ; ( 5 ) the frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns have bigger lateral rigidity and smaller displacement, members internal force enlarged just rightly, have much superiority of resisting seismic action ; ( 6 ) in the higher seismic fortification criterion region ( 8 degree of seismic fortification intensity ), aseismic disadvantageous building site ( iii type site ), adopting special - shaped columns structure system, should reduce possibly the building ' s self - weight in order to reduce the earthquake response ; ( 7 ) the response spectrum method of computing seismic response and the time - history analysis method have similar analysis result
西安理工大學碩士學位論文在水平地震作用下，並考慮風荷載組合，分別對「矩形柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱框一析架結構」及「異型柱框-剪結構」等四種結構體系，通過改變結構參數，運用空間有限元方法，進行地震作用計算。系統地分析研究「結構振型」 、 「振動周期」 、 「結構側向剛度」 、 「結構地震反應力」 、 「樓層地震剪力」 、 「結構側向位移」 、 「層間位移角」 ，以及「構件內力」 。結果表明:在等面積原則下，異型柱代換矩形柱后，結構剛度增大，側向位移明顯減小，地震反應力略有增加，框架柱軸壓比最大增幅小於8 % ，結構整體抗震性能有所提高;當異型柱肢長肢厚比小於等於3 . 6時，結構有利於抗震;水平地震作用力與整體坐標夾角為0度時，結構地震作用效應較大，屬結構設計的控制因素之一;異型柱框一析架結構採用「人」字斜撐，側向剛度大於「八」字斜撐和「人一八」字混合斜撐;異型柱框一剪結構側向剛度大、位移小，構件內力增大適中，是一種抗震性能優越的結構體系:在抗震設防烈度較高地區（ 8度）和抗震不利的建築場地（ m類場地） ，採用異型柱結構體系時，應盡可能減輕結構自重，降低地震作用力;分別採用「振型分解反應譜」法和「時程分析」法進行地震作用計算，兩種方法所得結果基本一致。There was almost unanimous agreement that the recorded tapes should be kept for at least 24 hours, with strong support for tapes to be retained for over one week
至於攝錄資料的保留期，受訪者一致同意最低限度應保留24小時，而大部分受訪者則同意錄影帶應保留超過一個星期。After 1989, the increase of demand slowed down and facing the complexion of low degree of industrial concentration of product market and financial strain of medi um and small - sized enterprises caused by the circulating trap of " credit squeeze - - - bad loan ", the advantageous enterprises " " wallow in money ", specifically, those listed companies that could finance from the stock market, began to take predatory pricing strategy in succession and tried to enlarge market share and obtain high return by squeezing medium and small - sized enterprises out of the market after 1998, the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks in product and credit markets, overcapacity, the difficulty of retreating of loss - incurring enterprises in some industries from the market for institutional reasons and over - competition in some industries, led to the incessant decrease of enterprises " global income, persistent increase of rate of debts and constant rise of ratio of bad assets of banks, which further intensified the vicious circle of deflation and " credit grudging " of banks
如在改革開放初期，在產品市場需求旺盛和信貸市場預算軟約束的情況下，各類企業的最優決策就是採用高負債、高擴張的「負債的有限責任效應」策略來搶占市場並獲得高回報； 1989年以後，需求增速開始放緩，面臨產品市場產業集中度較低和信貸市場「信貸緊縮-不良貸款」循環陷阱導致的中小企業資金緊張的局面， 「錢袋鼓鼓」的優勢企業（尤其是那些可以通過股票市場融通資金的上市公司）紛紛採用掠奪性定價策略，試圖通過把中小企業擠出市場來擴大市場份額並獲得高收益； 1998年以後，產品市場和信貸市場形成了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」惡性循環的狀況。產品市場上部分行業生產能力嚴重過剩，且由於體制等原因導致虧損企業無法退出，因此這些行業中出現了過度競爭的現象，企業總體收益的不斷下滑、負債率不斷提高以及銀行不良資產率的持續上升，又進一步加強了通貨緊縮和銀行「惜貸」的惡性循環。In order to exist over time, a cluster has to develop and maintain a structure which enables diversity within its area of competence, as well as a minimum of coherence in its focus
一個集群必須發展和維持這樣一個結構， （企業間的技術） ，既在它的競爭優勢領域內存在差異性， （走多樣化發展之路） ，也要圍繞其核心競爭力保持最低限度的一致性， （走同樣的技術路線） 。Compared with williamson ’ s comprehensive summarization of transaction costs, the definition of arrow and zhangwuchang make the understanding of transaction costs much deeper and comprehensive, and laid foundation of economic institutional analysis. existence of the function of institution leads to the demand of institution. constrained by the institutional environment, the design cost of institution and the application cost, the supply of cost is limited and scarce
但從新制度經濟學的研究角度出發，目前資產證券化的兩種實施模式作為制度安排，其產生、發展乃至變遷大致仍會遵循一條可以預見的路徑，降低交易成本的內在要求會導致兩種實施模式的不斷改進，並最終取消兩種實施模式之間的界限，由政府主導階段過渡到市場主導階段。分享友人