條約上的權利 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [tiáoyāoshàngdequánlì]
條約上的權利 英文
treaty right
  • 條 : Ⅰ名詞1 （細長的樹枝） twig 2 （條子） slip; strip 3 （分項目的） item; article 4 （層次; 秩序; 條...
  • 約 : 約動詞[口語] （用秤稱） weigh
  • 上 : 上名詞[語言學] （指上聲） falling-rising tone
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 權 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （秤錘） counterpoise; weight （of a steelyard）2 （權力） power; authority 3 （...
  • 條約 : convention; treaty; pact
  • 權利 : rightinterest
  1. Based on the frequent occurrence of international aerial crimes, the rampancy and cruelty of criminals and the reality of brutal consequence, the essay analyses the features of the crime of aircraft hijacking, the crime of imperiling international civil aerial security and the crime of obstructing international aerial navigation with the component terms from three important international conventions on punishing aerial crimes in order to help people to appreciate the appearance and the essence of typical international aerial crimes deeply, to regard the motion of the crimes and to overwhelm the offence forcefully. based on the core of the legislative status of international civil aerial security, the jurisdiction of the aerial crimes, one emphasis of the article is to clarify concrete clauses on jurisdiction in the three conventions and analyses the important principle of " aut reddere, aut punire ". based on the problems on the jurisdiction of crimes in international society, it quests the implementation of t he principles of jurisdiction, pleading and extradition in the three conventions deeply

    基於目前國際社會航空犯罪時有發生，犯罪分子猖獗狠毒，危害後果十分殘重的現實，本文從國際社會關于懲治航空犯罪的三個重要國際公約（東京、海牙、蒙特利爾公約）中規定的各種航空犯罪的定義入手，深入展開了對劫持航空器罪、危害航空器飛行安全罪、危害國際民用航空機場安全罪的犯罪特徵及其構成條件的分析，以期幫助人們更深刻認識這些典型的國際航空犯罪的表現及其實質，嚴密注視這些犯罪的動向，對其進行及時有力的打擊；鑒于國際民用航空安全法律地位問題的核心是解決航空犯罪的管轄權問題，本文重點闡釋了三個公約關于管轄的具體規定，並側重分析了「或引渡或起訴」的重要原則；鑒于目前國際社會打擊國際航空犯罪管轄方面存在諸多實際問題，本文對公約規定的管轄、起訴、引渡原則的實現方式作了深入探討；鑒于各國在國內立法上對于空中犯罪的懲治、對違約國的制裁、對這類犯罪的預防措施等方面存在一些漏洞，本文根據目前掌握的一些資料，在獨立思考的基礎上，提出了一些不成熟的看法及建議，以期對國際社會懲治航空犯罪貢獻自己微薄之力。
  2. In view of the content of o - verseas invetment, investments are eligible for a guarantee if the eeo - nomic soundness of the investment and it contribution to the develop - ment of the host country and it should be in the interests of the investor " s home country. in view of the types of overseas investments, eligible investments should include equity investment and non - equity direct in - vestment. in view of the host country, investments are eligible for a guarantee if exists a bilateral investment protection treaty with china or if exists the same international conventions of investment protection, which together with china join

    第三部分論述了我國海外投資保險制度中的合格投資問題，指出從海外投資的內容上看，合格的海外投資應有經濟上的合理性、法律上的合法性、對東道國發展的貢獻性以及符合投資者本國的利益;從投資的時間看，僅限於新的直接投資;從投資的類型來看，應包括股權投資和非股權直接投資兩種;從投資的東道國來看，通常應限於與我國簽訂有雙邊投資保護條約或有共同參加的關于投資保護的國際公約。
  3. The third part gives relevant legislation suggestions and strategies in three aspects in the light of the shortages of demurring patent tort. these suggestions and strategies are : 1 ) constitute law of anti - monopolization imitating countries that have advanced legislation of intellectual property rights to prevent patentee from abusing his rights ; 2 ) smooth the way of administrative law execution of patent and delimit properly the bounds between administrative law execution and judicial review ; 3 ) strengthen imitational communication and academic discussion in demurring patent tort and increase the strength of being in line with the world

    第三大部分是針對目前我國在專利侵權抗辯問題上存在的不足之處提出了三個方面的立法建議及對策，一是效仿知識產權立法先進國家制定一部反壟斷法，防止專利權人對其權利濫用；二是理順專利行政執法途徑，正確界定專利行政執法與司法審查之間的界限；三是加強專利侵權抗辯方面的國際交流與理論探討，加大與國際接軌的力度，充分利用國際條約，最大限度地保護我國的國家利益。
  4. The main types of college teachers ’ appointment contract include : the college teachers ’ of the fixed deadline, the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the deadline to complete the certain work, and the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the special attendance, and also we can get another two types of college teachers ’ appointment contract, which are individual college teachers ’ appointment contract and collective college teachers ’ appointment contract, according to the number of people in one party ; they must be work out by the strict written form, and must pass through the offer and the acceptance step, and don ’ t acknowledge the legal effect of the factual appointment contract ; after the appointment contract becomes effective, the higher college as the appointed party and the teacher as engaged party should completely fulfill the right and obligation provisions in the contract under the instructions of the three principles : fulfill personally, comprehensively, cooperatively. in which, the teachers ’ rights and obligations include : enjoy and undertake the rights and obligations as the specialist engaged in education, teaching and the scientific research ; may change or terminate the contract on the basis of the bilateral consultation, but dismissal and resignation must conform to the agreement or the legal matter ; in the liabilities for breach the contract, be headed by the practical fulfillment, including other two remedial way which are damage compensation and penalty ; in the dispute solution, must establish the perfect concrete mediation system, the arbitration and the civil lawsuit system

    高校教師聘任合同主要類型為固定期限的高校教師聘任合同、以完成一定工作為期限的高校教師聘任合同和特殊照顧的高校教師聘任合同，也可依據合同當事人一方人數的多寡不同，也可將個人高校教師聘任合同和集體高校教師聘任合同;其應當以嚴格的書面形式訂立，須經過要約、承諾步驟，且不應當承認事實聘任合同的法律效力;聘任合同生效后，作為聘任方的高等學校和受聘方的教師應當在親自履行、全面履行和協作履行三大原則的指導下完全履行合同中所約定的權利義務條款，其中教師的權利義務內容包括作為一般公民和作為從事教育教學及其科研活動的專業人員所應享有或者承擔的權利義務;經過雙方的協商可以變更或者終止合同，但解聘和辭聘必須符合約定或者法定的事由;在違約責任形式上，應當確立以實際履行為首，包括損害賠償、違約金等三種補救方式;在爭議解決方式上應當建立健全具體的調解制度、仲裁和民事訴訟制度。
  5. Article 87. when there are two or more creditors or debtors to a deal, each of the joint creditors shall be entitled to demand that the debtor fulfil his obligations, in accordance with legal provisions or the agreement between the parties ; each of the joint debtors shall be obliged to perform the entire debt, and the debtor who performs the entire debt shall be entitled to ask the other joint debtors to reimburse him for their shares of the debt

    第八十七條債權人或者債務人一方人數為二人以上的，依照法律的規定或者當事人的約定，享有連帶權利的每個債權人，都有權要求債務人履行義務負有連帶義務的每個債務人，都負有清償全部債務的義務，履行了義務的人，有權要求其他負有連帶義務的人償付他應當承擔的份額。
  6. Article 87 when there are two or more creditors or debtors to a deal, each of the joint creditors shall be entitled to demand that the debtor fulfil his obligations, in accordance with legal provisions or the agreement between the parties ; each of the joint debtors shall be obliged to perform the entire debt, and the debtor who performs the entire debt shall be entitled to ask the other joint debtors to reimburse him for their shares of the debt

    第八十七條債權人或者債務人一方人數為二人以上的，依照法律的規定或者當事人的約定，享有連帶權利的每個債權人，都有權要求債務人履行義務；負有連帶義務的每個債務人，都負有清償全部債務的義務，履行了義務的人，有權要求其他負有連帶義務的人償付他應當承擔的份額。
  7. This article has been divided into five chapters, the contents of five chapters respectively are : the contents of the first chapter are about pollution compensation that oil leakage of the ships lead to in " maritime law " ; the contents of the second chapter are about delay delivery of the goods in " maritime law " ; the contents of the third chapter are about the cargo lien that the marine carriers have in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fourth chapter are about the rights that the shippers can change and terminate the contract unilaterally in " maritime law " ; the contents of the fifth chapter are about the limitation of liability for maritime claims system in " maritime law ". the contents of each chapter of this article are about a flaw of " maritime law ". as a result of the limit of article length and the limit of author ability, it is impossible to analyze the article of " maritime law " gradually, the article is only about five quite important flaws of " maritime law " to form five chapters, then we will introduce them gradually

    但是，隨著我國加入wto ，國際貿易和海上運輸迅速的發展， 《海商法》在實施中暴露出很多不足。因此，有必要遵循科學性、適時性和法制統一性等立法的基本原則，對《海商法》及時進行修改。筆者認為，應當認真總結《海商法》成功的經驗和失敗的教訓，從目前和今後一個時期海上和與海相通的內陸水域的運輸和經濟貿易的現實和發展對法律的需要出發，參照和借鑒其他民商立法、國際海事條約、民間規則和合同格式，以及國外先進的立法例，吸收海商法理論研究成果，並考慮國際海事立法的發展趨勢，在船舶油污損害賠償的規定，遲延交付的規定，海上貨物留置權的規定，托運人變更解除合同權利的規定，海事賠償責任限制制度的規定等幾個方面修改現行《海商法》 。
  8. This is because, the fact carrying out the run the country by law can solve the problem of the relative equilibrium between the government power and masses rights, however, it bounds a lot in real practice, especially could be restricted by china ' s historic and cultural customs, the legal tradition, the current policies and other aspects. and during the process of carrying out run the country by law, it also lacks the effective interaction between the government and the masses, and the mainly reason for this problem is that the masses are lacking of the correct understanding of the government power

    這是因為，雖然推行「依法治國」事實上可以解決政府權力與民眾權利的相對平衡問題，但是在現實操作中受到諸多條件限制，尤其是受我國歷史文化習俗、法制傳統及現行政策等制約，在推行「依法治國」中缺少政府與民眾的有效「互動」 ，而出現這個問題的主要原因是民眾對政府權力缺乏正確的認識。
  9. Providing separate pay arrangements only for those groups broadly equivalent to the hong kong disciplined services where special provisions apply ( eg where the right to take industrial action has been removed ). as a consequence, many of these equivalent groups in the selected countries are in practice treated in the same way as any other department or occupation within the civil service or broader public sector

    至於上述國家內與香港紀律部隊大致相若的部門，其中只有少數因受特別規條約束（例如被取消採取工業行動的權利）而獲提供獨立的薪酬安排；事實上，其他隊伍的待遇與一般政府部門或公營部門的職類並無分別。
  10. Providing separate pay arrangements only for those groups broadly equivalent to the hong kong disciplined services where special provisions apply eg where the right to take industrial action has been removed. as a consequence, many of these equivalent groups in the selected countries are in practice treated in the same way as any other department or occupation within the civil service or broader public sector

    至於上述國家內與香港紀律部隊大致相若的部門，其中只有少數因受特別規條約束例如被取消採取工業行動的權利而獲提供獨立的薪酬安排事實上，其他隊伍的待遇與一般政府部門或公營部門的職類並無分別。
  11. Under the condition that the lower - layer elements and their dominating upper - layer elements are considered as the condition attributes and the decision attributes separately, the following problems are studied : refining of assessment index system, acquirement of index weight and the constructing of judgment matrix based on the reduction and the attribute importance theory in rough sets, which achieve the sufficiency use of field knowledge for analytical hierarchy process and decision support of the hierarchy problems for rough sets

    摘要將層次分析模型中下層因素與支配它的上層因素分別視為條件屬性和決策屬性，藉助粗糙集的約簡和屬性重要性理論，研究了融合粗糙集的層次分析法的指標體系的完善、指標權重的確定、判斷矩陣的構造等問題，實現了層次分析法時領域知識的利用及粗糙集對層次結構問題的決策支持。
  12. The paper also conducted cost and benefit analysis that indicates the protection cost is very much higher in ipr protection in agriculture in china as compared with other countries such as the us and other western countries, this is a very important restricting factor for the patent and pvp application in china. besides, the paper also discussed the possibilities of the unified system like pct and upov for ipr applications to minimize the cost of application and maintainence. with support of survey data and developed models, the papers conclude with the priority area for ipr protection in agriculture in order is as follows : pvp, patent, trade secret, and trade marks

    同時，在大量檢索和設計調查問卷的基礎上，對我國農業知識產權保護的成本和效益進行理論分析，在對比其他國家專利和新品種保護成本的基礎上，分析出我國申請農業知識產權保護的成本和被侵權后的司法訴訟成本過高，影響了我國農業知識產權的申請和保護；此外，文章還就建立類似專利合作條約（ pct ）性質的國際植物新品種保護公約，以期在多國專利同時申請方面實現帕累托最優原則進行了理論探討，在此基礎上，文章進一步對比分析實施農業知識產權保護規則對我國農業技術貿易特別是國外直接投資可能帶來的影響進行，結果表明，強化農業知識產權保護，發展中國家會增加農業技術和產品的進口，發展中的大國更是如此；文章在調查問卷的基礎上提出了我國農業知識產權方面存在的問題和今後農業知識產權保護的目標體系和優先領域，農業知識產權保護的優先順序依次為：新品種、專利、商業秘密、商標和原產地。
  13. The separation of ownership and control in modern enterprise and the asymmetry of information between professional enterpriser and owner are the condition to produce this problem. the establishment of incentive and disciplinary mechanism to professional enterpriser can assure that modern enterprise has the high efficiency produced by the functional division of labor among enterprisers, besides, it is the necessary requirement to avoid loss that is caused because of the disagreement of target gains between enterpriser and owner. for these reasons, whether the incentive and disciplinary mechanism to enterpriser is good or bad, is one of important indictors to evaluate economic system

    現代企業所有權和控制權的分離，職業企業家和所有者之間信息不對稱，是產生企業家的激勵約束問題的條件，建立職業企業家的激勵約束機制，是在保證現代企業組織享有企業家職能分工產生的高效率的同時，避免職業企業家和企業所有者的目標利益不一致從而造成損失的必然要求，從這個意義上說，企業的激勵約束機制優劣，是比較、評價經濟體制的重要指標之一。
  14. If either party fails to make any payment to the other by the due date then, without prejudice to any other right or remedy available to the non - defaulting party, the non - defaulting party shall be entitled to charge the marketing partner interest on the unpaid amount at the rate of 2 % above the base rate of the hsbc bank from time to time in force in london

    如果在到期日任何一方不能向另一方支付，那麼，在不損害守約方的任何其他權利或可以取得的救濟方式的條件下，守約方應該有權就未支付的部分向市場夥伴收取利息，利息率是香港上海匯豐銀行倫敦分行當時實行的基礎利率加百分之二（ 2 % ） 。
  15. The change from debt to stock has an important effect on the interest coordination of state - owned enterprise, state - run banks and other agents. it is a contract choice that trade - off all kinds of distortion ( save transaction cost ) at present. it belongs to the welfare improvement in kaldor meaning ? nd can drive the reform process further

    債權股權互換對于目前我國處于改革攻堅階段的國有企業、國有銀行、及其他經濟主體之間的利益協調有重要作用，是在各種約束條件下折衷各種扭曲后的交易費用較低的一種各方合約選擇，屬于帕累托次優或者退一步說是卡爾多意義上的社會福利提高，可以進一步推動改革進程。
  16. Subject to the provisions of the paragraph stated below, the shipper may obtain for a shipment the benefit of a greater limit of liability than ups provides under ( ii ) of the commodities handled and restrictions on service clause above or than is provided by convention rules or other mandatory national law

    除以下另有約定外，托運人可以在ups已經表明的責任限額之上享有權利，這些責任限額已由"貨品處理和服務限制"第（ ii ）條約定或者依據公約規則或者其它強制性國內法規定。
  17. We are a telecommunications company. can we, by virtue of inclusion of a waiver of right clause by our customers, use their data for any purpose we choose

    我們是一家電訊機構，可否在合約上加上條款訂明客戶放棄其權利，以便可將收集得來的客戶的個人資料使用於我們選擇的任何用途上？
  18. In accordance with these basic rules, the article makes a systematic exposition of the specific institutions, which are likely to influence the shareholders " equity by drawing a lesson from the western developed countries. part iii, this part analyzes the historical development of our tender offer law and the status quo of our country that the activities of tender offer are backward and some problems remain unsolved because of the short duration since the establishment of our securities market, the specialization of securities structure of the listed company and the non - negotiability of the national share and legal person share

    本文在闡述要約收購立法的具體制度時主要根據我國現行的證券立法，並參照國外的相關制度分析了: 1 、收購要約的主要條件、發出與生效、變更與撤銷、預受與撤回; 2 、強制要約收購制度; 3 、部分要約收購制度的構成標準及按比例接納原則; 4 、要約收購的法律後果，即要約收購成功和要約收購失敗在法律上引起的權利義務;這四項制度構成要約收購立法的主要內容。
  19. The obligations before contract begins from negotiation and completes with the effectiveness of the contract. on the reconstruction of the obligations after contract, the writer pointed out that the obligations after contract was based on the good faith principle, and it was also a kind of legal contract obligations. its precondition was effective contract the obligations after contract begins from the completion of the valued contract connected tightly to the right and obligations that have been completed on the contract, occurring between the specific party

    在後契約義務的重構中，筆者提出后契約義務的法理依據是誠實信用原則；是一種法定的後置契約義務；其成立的前提條件為有效成立的契約；后契約義務始於有效的契約已終止，權利義務關系結束后；后契約義務須與業已消滅的契約上權利義務有密切聯系；后契約義務是發生在特定當事人之間的義務；后契約責任是一種獨立的契約責任。
  20. If a party fails to perform any of its obligations in any material respect ( including its obligation at the completion of transaction ) under this agreement or breaches any of the terms or warranties set out in this agreement in any material respect prior to or at the completion of transaction, then without prejudice to all and any other rights and remedies available at any time to the non - defaulting party ( including but not limited to the right to damages or any loss suffered by that party ), the not - defaulting party may, by notice, either require the defaulting party to perform such obligation or remedy such breach, or terminate this contract

    如一方在交易之前或當時，實質地未履行本合同的任一義務（含交易完成時之義務） ，或實質地違反本合同的任一條款或保證，則未違約方隨時應得之權利及賠償（至少包括該方所受損失的求償權）完好無損，且未違約方可以書面方式，要求違約方履行上述義務或賠償違約部分，或逕行終止本合同。
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