直接雜交 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhíjiēzájiāo]
直接雜交 英文
direct cross
  • 直 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （成直線的; 硬挺的） straight; stiff 2 （跟地面垂直的; 從上到下的; 從前到后的） erect; v...
  • 接 : Ⅰ動詞1 （靠近;接觸） come into contact with; come close to 2 （連接; 使連接） connect; join; put ...
  • 雜 : Ⅰ形容詞（多種多樣的; 混雜的） miscellaneous; varied; sundry; mixed Ⅱ動詞（混合在一起; 攙雜） mix; blend; mingle
  • 交 : Ⅰ動詞1 （把事物轉移給有關方面） hand over; give up; deliver 2 （到某一時辰或季節） reach （a cert...
  • 直接 : direct; immediate
  • 雜交 : [生物學] hybridize; cross; hybridization; cross breeding
  1. The germination of two seeds of hybrids was different form their parents. seeds of their parents were epigeal germination, but two seeds germination of hybrids which were derived form l davidii var. unicolor x ' yellow " and l davidii var

    雜交種子萌發出現了不同於雙親的現象，親本種子萌發都屬于子葉出土型，而蘭州百合黃色及蘭州百合克得利亞中各有一粒種子的萌發，其子葉不生長，直接長出真葉。
  2. In the study of the effect of electric field on the binding property of copper foil - covered veneer sheet, because of lack of experimental method and the complexity of the object studied, it is not found the regular effect of electric field on the binding strength between copper foil and veneer sheet or on the inter - laminar binding strength of veneer sheet. but it is further testified that dc electric field makes the free linkage generated during solidifying of epoxy resins orient along the direction of electric - power line

    在直流電場對覆銅箔板粘接性能影響的研究中，由於受實驗手段和研究對象復雜性的限制，沒有發現直流電場對覆銅箔板銅箔與基體及基體層間的粘接強度產生規律性影響，但在研究中進一步證實了直流電場會使環氧樹脂在固化過程中形成的交聯鍵沿電場方向取向。
  3. In order to figure out the machanism of transcription control by ap - 2 a and to find the partner proteins which derectly binding to ap - 2 a, a yeast two - hybrid system by using ap - 2 a as a bait was performed to screen the hela cell cdna library

    為了闡明ap - 2確切的轉錄調控方式，找出與其直接相互作用的蛋白質因子，我們以ap - 2為餌蛋白通過酵母雙雜交對hela細胞的cdna文庫進行了篩選。
  4. It has been demonstrated directly or indirectly - 7 - that ak auto ab is an important element in the immune network and plays a important role in maintaining physiological functions, clearing aged cells and metabolic products, regulating immune responses and protecting against infection. in some pathological states such as psoriasis and contact dermatitis, a certain serum level of the antibody could inhibit the progression of the diseases, and is beneficial to the recovery from the diseases. after a long time studies on the production and regulation mechanism of physiological and pathological auto antibodies, meanwhile, experiencing an intensive academic debating on whether naas a " horror autotoxicus " or a " gnothi seaution ( know yourself ) ", a common viewpoint has been achieved that naa is of clinical significance in the treatment of immunity diseases for it ' s function in the immune system stability, immunoglobulin y and polyclonal ak auto abs have been used in treating inflammatory dermatitis, and recombinant antibody is under investigating

    抗角蛋白自身抗體（ akautoab ）是naa的重要組成部分，以往實驗通過雜交瘤技術、免疫親和層析技術和噬菌體抗體庫技術分別獲得單克隆akautoab 、健康人血清多克隆akautoab和基因工程人akautoab ，並對akautoab免疫學特性及在體生理和病理意義進行了廣泛的研究，直接或間接地發現akautoab是機體正常免疫調節網路的組成部分，在維護某些生理狀態的穩定、清理衰老細胞及代謝產物、調節免疫和抗感染等方面起到重要作用；在某些病理情況下（如銀屑病、接觸性皮炎等） ，體內akautoab的組分和滴度會發生變化，而正常水平的akautoab則有利於限制病情的發展，促進損傷的修復。
  5. Marketing management is " the process of planning and executing conception, designing, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals " it is a key segment that directly embodies the competence of an enterprise and a process that creates exchanging opportunity to meet the needs of customers and the goal of the organization

    營銷管理是規劃和實施理念、商品和勞務設計、定價、促銷、分銷，為滿足顧客需要和組織目標而創造交換機會的過程，它是體現企業競爭力的直接環節。因此，在市場競爭不斷加劇、市場環境復雜多變的今天，如何培育、提升和評價自身的營銷競爭力水平是每一個企業都必須面對的重要課題。
  6. Chinese character is the core of chinese tradition culture and the main tool of information exchange. the western character, just like english, which is one dimension linearity character, can be put into the computer directly. but the old and complex chinese character, which belong to two dimensions square character, needs special input method software to put it into the computer

    漢字是中華民族傳統文化的核心和信息交流的主要工具，古老而復雜多樣的漢字屬於二維平面的方塊字，不像英文等西方文字那樣是一維線形文字，可以直接輸入計算機，而是需要採用特殊的漢字輸入法軟體。
  7. Directly painting textures on top of 3d objects in 3d perspective viewport is a new issue of human - computer interface ( hci ). this paper presents a method to solve this issue. it converts the position information of the texture pixels of texture map into color information ， and then transfers both the coordinates and the color of texture pixels into screen through texture mapping at the same time. only is the color information of texture pixels converted into illumination by calculating the normal and the angle of ray incidence of the screen pixel in the method. the texture coordinates are firstly converted into the color information by generating another texture map ， which is called information map whose pixels ' color represents the coordinates information. and then the corresponding texture coordinates are mapped into screen reference frame by texture mapping and stored into information buffer for later use. so we can obtain the texture coordinates of screen pixels correspondingly by decoding from information buffer. after optimizing ， we can paint textures on top of 3d objects in 3d perspective viewport in real time. the paper also gives some examples and related definitions of using additional information of 2d texture map for 3d graph generating

    針對三維逶視投影視圖中對三維物體表面紋理直接進行噴繪，以獲得復雜紋理圖這一計算機圖形交互技術這一新問題，研究了一種將紋理圖的象素位置信息轉換成彩色信息，然後利用紋理映射將紋理坐標連同該點上的顏色值一起傳遞到與屏幕象素對應的可見點上的方法，其中顏色值依該點處的入射光線方向和表面法向被進一步轉換為光強值，而紋理坐標則被解碼后還原成與該可見點對應的紋理坐標，被存入信息緩沖器中，供以後使用，通過解碼，可根據屏幕點直接得到對應紋理象素點的坐標，經過演算法優化，實現了對三維物體表面紋理的實時噴繪；同時闡述了在三維圖象生成技術中使用附加紋理信息的應用實例以及相關定義
  8. Dna and rna dot blotting revealed that the f gene was transcribed into mrna in the vero cells. there was expression of the f protein as shown by indirect immunofluorescent assay. the expression began at 48h post - infection and increased thereafter, as indicated by elisa

    將真核表達質粒pcdna3 - f高壓電轉化dam和phop基因雙突變的減毒鼠傷寒沙門氏菌zj111株（ zj111 / pcdan3 - f ） ，並直接轉染vero細胞，分別提取細胞總dna和總rna ， dig標記探針均可檢測到陽性雜交信號。
  9. In summary, the exotic species can affect native bird species in four main ways, 1 ) predation of birds or eggs by the exotic mammals ; 2 ) competition for habitats and foods with exotic birds, and loss of genetic diversity by hybridization with the closely - related exotic species ; 3 ) direct and indirect alterations of native habitats and food resources, and predation by the exotic invertebrates ; and 4 ) loss and fragmentation of habitats for native birds through altering species composition and structure of native plant communities by exotic plants

    外來生物對鳥類的影響主要表現在以下幾方面： （ 1 ）外來哺乳動物對成鳥、幼鳥或鳥卵的捕食作用； （ 2 ）外來鳥類與本地鳥類競爭棲息地和食物資源，與當地的近緣種雜交而造成基因流失； （ 3 ）外來無脊椎動物改變本地鳥類的棲息環境和食物狀況，甚至直接捕食本地鳥類； （ 4 ）外來植物入侵改變入侵地的植物群落組成和結構，造成本地鳥類的棲息地喪失或破碎化，並通過改變入侵地生態系統的食物鏈結構而對高營養級的鳥類產生影響。
  10. The results show that mno which not be modified can not be use as electrode active materials because of its poor electrochemical activity. meanwhile, the rechargeabilify of mno modified by bi and pb is improved. bismuth could prolong the second electron equivalent discharge and lead could improve the first electron equivalent discharge performance

    I44 ）對熱分解產物進行了充放電，循環伏安，恆電流極化， tafe曲線分析，交流阻抗分析，得出未摻雜的mno直接作為電極活性材料，其電化學活性很差，但通過摻bi ， ph進行改性，提高了其可充性， 1的影響主要在於第二電子放電， ph則可以延長第一電于放電
  11. Most of our production however is concentrated on the wide plainsofemilia romagna extremely suitable for direct sowing and mechanised farming techniques ? and the windy, sunny hills of the marches, south of emilia romagna, idealfortheproduction of hybrid onions and hybrid cabbages

    但公司最主要的生產基地集中在中部艾米利亞-羅馬涅大區適應農業機械化的直接播種耕作的寬闊平坦地帶和南部馬爾凱大區多風和日照陽光充裕的丘陵地帶，該地帶是生產甘藍類和各類雜交洋蔥類種子的理想之地。
  12. Taking the bending stiffness, cable sag and cable inclination into consideration, the space vibration control of the cables using the visco - elastic dampers in cable - stayed bridges is investigated by joining the center difference method and the state space strategy. both the maximum modal damping ration and the optimal damper size are obtained, then the practical suggestions are proposed for the design of the dampers. the space nonlinear vibration equations of the cable - damper system are derived, and a new hybrid method for solving the cable - damper system is presented by combing the newmark method and pseudo - force technology

    綜合考慮了拉索抗彎剛度、垂度的影響，研究了粘彈性阻尼器對斜拉橋拉索的空間振動控制，聯合中心差分方法及狀態空間法，得出了拉索麵內、外振動各階模態可能達到的最大阻尼比及相應的最優阻尼器系數，並對斜拉橋拉索的阻尼器設計提出了參考建議：考慮拉索抗彎剛度、垂度及幾何非線性，導出了索-阻尼器系統的空間振動非線性方程組，結合newmark方法及偽力（ pseudo - force ）方法，創新地提出了求解非線性方程組的雜交方法，根據拉索-阻尼器系統的阻尼特性，在各種荷載作用下，對索-阻尼器系統的非線性瞬態振動響應進行了研究，從系統響應的角度更加直接地驗證了阻尼器的控制效果。
  13. 1. polybenzidine ( pbz ) was polymerized by using chemical method in organic system and with ( nh4 ) _ 2s _ 2o _ 8 as oxidant, hclo4 as dopant. the electrochemical behaviors of pbz electrode were studied by cyclic voltammetry, charge - discharge test and electrochemical impedance techniques

    1 .用化學直接氧化法在乙腈溶液中，以高氯酸為摻雜劑制備了聚聯苯胺，用循環伏安，交流阻抗，直流充放電對其電容行為進行了研究，聚聯苯胺電極比電容為150f / g 。
  14. The core - mantle boundary is the closest researchers can get to the much more intense and complicated magnetic field that exists within the core, where magnetic fluctuations actually originate ; strong electric currents in the core prevent direct measurements of the magnetic field there

    地核內具有更為劇烈、復雜的磁場，而且也是磁場變動的真正發源處，但是研究人員可推算的極限是在地核?地函交界處；因為地核內的電流極強，因此無法直接測量內部的磁場。
  15. In the more complicated cases of the debt and equity markets, where the investors actually take on the risk of the fund raisers, the roles of the financial intermediaries include the creation of the financial instruments in the primary markets the stock exchange and the underwriters of new share issues and the brokering of transactions in these instruments in the secondary markets the brokers and the market makers

    至於在較復雜的債市及股市，投資者直接承受集資者的風險，金融中介人的角色則包括在第一市場創造金融工具即作為證券交易所及新股上市的包銷商，以及在第二市場促成這些工具的交易即作為經紀及市場莊家。
  16. The second challenge is based on the seven new findings up - mentioned. which criticizes the traditional externality policy involving pigouvian tax and subsidy, the direct interference of government, the market solution of property right transaction, court negotiation, ngo action and the " optimal externality " goal of policies. the criticism is based on four aspectsr ( 1 ) on account of the relationship between externality and incomplete competition ; ( 2 ) on account of the government failure ; ( 3 ) on account of complex externality ; ( 4 ) on account of the intergenerational externality

    第二重反思建立在上述七點認識的基礎之上，對傳統外部性政策，包括皮古稅或補貼、政府的直接干預、產權交易的市場解、法庭談判、 ngo行動，以及上述政策的「最優外部性」目標進行了批判，這個批判通過四個路徑展開： l ）基於外部性與不完全競爭關系的分析， 2 ）基於政府失靈的分析； 3 ）基於復雜外部牲的分析； 4 ）基於代際外部性的分析。
  17. 3 ) design switch system using eda based on the result of a11alysis. because the function of switch system is very complicated, some modules are designed by schematics directly, most modules are designed by verilog hdl using eda technology, synthesized by the synopsys software. at last a high speed atm switch system is designed, including voq as input buffer strategy dpa cell scheduling algorithm and crossbar switch fabric

    在前面分析的基礎上根據目前的條件，對一個空分交換系統各模塊進行前端設計和模擬，由於交換系統的功能復雜，我們一部分將採用直接畫原理圖的方法進行設計，大部分將採用集成電路設計自動化的方法進行設計，即採用硬體設計語言verilog ? hdl進行設計，用synopsys軟體對設計進行綜合，生成線路圖，然後作門級電路模擬。
  18. To detect the patients and carriers of the fragile x syndrome, various analytic methods could be used. one is cytogenetic diagnosis to observe the expression of the fragile site fraxa located at xq27. 3

    對脆x綜合征的診斷，可以通過細胞遺傳學方法觀察分析x染色體相應脆性位點的表達情況，或是通過southern印跡雜交的方法直接分析cgg重復的擴增突變。
  19. Two dimensional image is not enough to manipulate micro objects precisely and reliable during the process of micromanipulation, for there is complex interactive force between the objects and tools

    微夾持器在操作過程中直接與物體、周圍環境接觸，存在復雜的交互力。
  20. Business combination is one kind of complex and important transactions. the different accounting methods for business combinations will lead to dramatically different results in the measurement of assets, liabilities and equities

    企業合併是一種復雜而又十分重要的交易行為，有關合併會計問題的方法選擇直接影響到參與合併各方的資產、負債及所有者權益的重新整合方式，影響到各方的經濟利益。
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