競爭性均衡 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [jìngzhēngxìngjūnhéng]
競爭性均衡 英文
competitive equilibrium
  • 競 : 動詞（競爭; 競賽） compete; contest; vie Ⅱ形容詞[書面語] （強勁） strong; powerful
  • 爭 : Ⅰ動詞1 （力求得到或達到; 爭奪） contend; vie; compete; struggle for; strive 2 （爭執; 爭論） argu...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 均 : Ⅰ形容詞（均勻） equal; even Ⅱ副詞（都; 全） without exception; all
  • 衡 : Ⅰ名詞1 （秤桿） the graduated arm of a steelyard2 （稱重量的器具） weighing apparatus3 （姓氏） a...
  • 競爭性 : competitiveness競爭性貶值 competitive depreciation; competitive devaluations; 競爭性遞價 competit...
  • 競爭 : compete; vie; contend
  • 均衡 : 1 （平衡的） balanced; proportionate; harmonious; even 2 （平衡） equilibrium; equilibration; equ...
  1. But my focus was specially laid on the decision - making of investment under uncertainty and with competition, i first. extend the basic model of dixit & pindyck ' s by allowing the relevant parameter to be a random variable, then proposed an numerical example to show how to solve this model, i gave the algorithm and did the comparative static analysis, finally i developed a model of duopoly under uncertainty, considering the competition between the firms explicitly, using roa, i calculated the two firm ' s values respectively when they take different roles - to be leader or follower, and then checked the possible equilibriums

    本文的重點是考察在同時存在不確定性和競爭的情況下，如何用實物期權的理論估算投資項目的價值，為此，文中發展了兩個模型，第一個模型是對dixit & pindyck的模型的擴展，它通過一個相關的隨機變量來考察競爭對項目價值的影響，但沒有考慮企業間的相互博弈，文中給出了一個例子詳細地說明了該模型的求解並做了敏感性分析；第二個模型是一個不確定情況下的雙寡頭模型，文中給出了用實物期權方法計算的兩企業在處于領導者和跟隨者兩種不同境況時的價值，並將企業間的相互博弈考慮在內，考察了可能的均衡狀態。
  2. This dissertation describes the present rusult of the theoretic researches on harbor & navigation economy system during the course of the constriction of international shipping center of shanghai. aimed at the research goal, combinational theory of competitive advantage is developed in this dissertation. which combines the theory of common competitive advantage combines the conglomerate economy, regional advantage and other concerned theories to analyze domino effect of finance, trade and economy caused by harbor & navigation industry in the center city ; the advantage theory of balanced game, which mainly studies how to achieve an effective result of balanced game among every parties, puts more emphasis on the research of collaboration and negotiation that have collective advantage to analyze the relationship between competition and collaboration among different harbor owners under different operating circumstances ; the advantage theory of the reciprocal d evelopment of the harbor and the ambient area is an important paresis, not only can it accomplish its own development goal but can also offer some developing opportunities for its counterparts and the two will endeavor together to construct the international shipping center

    本文在總結前人研究成果的基礎上，概述了上海國際航運中心建設中有關港航經濟系統的理論研究現狀，並針對本文的研究目標提出了競爭優勢組合理論，分別是一般競爭優勢理論? ?結合了集聚經濟、區位優勢等相關理論，以此來分析港航產業在金融、貿易、經濟中心城市的集聚經濟效應；均衡博弈的優勢理論? ?主要研究如何在各種利益團體之間達成一種有效的均衡博弈結果，側重於對合作博弈、協商機制等具備集體優勢的研究，以此來分析港口利益主體之間在不同經營環境下（民營化前後）的競協博弈關系；港區（港口與區域）互動發展的優勢理論? ?港口與區域的互動發展是國際航運中心建設的重要前提，雙方基於良性循環的共同發展在滿足自身發展目標的同時也為對方提供了發展機遇，並共同為國際航運中心的建設而作出努力。
  3. On the basis of empirical analysis of chinese pockety distributing of venture capital on investment stages since 1994, this article uses expectation inosculation function to explain the reason of that, and figures out that this phenomenon not merely easily lead to weakening the fostering function of the high - tech industry by venture capital, aggravating the unfair competition with the traditional way of investment, but also encouraging the emergence of economic foam and the bubble economy

    通過對1994年以來我國創業投資階段分佈不均衡性的實證分析，引入期望吻合度函數來解釋該現象的形成機理，指出創業投資階段分佈不均衡性將容易弱化創業投資孵化高技術產業的產業培育功能、加劇與傳統投資方式的不公平競爭、催生或助長經濟泡沫和泡沫經濟的形成。
  4. Second, by applying econometrics and statistics to the study of signal assimilation efficiency and allocation efficiency of capital factors, this thesis discloses the unequilibrium features of stock market in china

    第二，分別用計量經濟學方法和統計分析方法研究中國股票市場價格的信息吸收效率和資本要素配置效率，揭示了我國股票市場非競爭均衡特性。
  5. Our results imply that mutual interference in a species may result in coexistence of the two competing species and demonstrate that those time delays do not influence the competitive outcome of the organisms. ii ) the asymptotic behaviour of the chemostat model with mutual interference or without mutual interference is studied. for the two models with delay, the uniform persistence of the models are both proved under the conditions of the existence of the positive equilibrium

    二、研究了無種內競爭和有種內競爭的具有階段結構的時滯恆化器模型的漸近性態，對于兩類模型，都在正平衡點存在性的條件下證明了該系統的一致持續生存，對于兩類相應的常微系統的模型，均在正平衡點存在性的條件下證明了該正平衡點的全局穩定性。
  6. This course focuses on the following topics : basic theory of consumer behavior ; production and costs ; partial equilibrium analysis of pricing in competitive and monopolistic markets ; general equilibrium ; welfare ; and externalities

    本課程的重點放在以下的主題上：消費者行為的基本理論；生產與成本；競爭與獨占市場中定價的部分均衡分析；一般均衡；福利；以及外部性。
  7. However, excessive tax competition may weaken the effectiveness of the tax incentives, hence incuring welfare loss ; ( ii ) in a non - cooperation tax competition equilibrium, it turns out that tax rates are set too low to fiance an efficient level of public expenditure, especially lowers the provision of the public goods benefiting residents ; ( iii ) competition for capital means the revenue from capital income taxation declines. in order to maintain the necessary public expenditure, the government would shift tax burden towards the more immobile labor, which may arouse the inequity issues on redistribution. chapter 3 : " the strategy of international tax competition and optimal capital taxation.

    但過度的稅收競爭反而會減弱稅收激勵政策的有效性，降低一國福利水平；其二，在非合作均衡狀態下，國際稅收競爭使所有國家的資本課稅都維持在缺乏效率的低稅率狀態，從而不能獲取足夠的財政收入，導致公共產品提供不足；其三，旨在吸引資本流入的稅收競爭，普遍降低了對資本所得的課稅，但政府為了獲取足夠的財政收入以維持正常的支出，會將本來由資本承擔的一部分稅負轉移到流動性較弱的勞動力身上。
  8. Competitive equilibrium price

    競爭性均衡價格
  9. Thus, the social institution accumulative equation is achieved by summing up these two types of institutional change. applying the social institution accumulative equation, a growth model with consumer optimization is constructed

    從代表性家庭和企業的競爭性均衡入手，結合制度積累方程，運用連續時域動態最優化方法，構造了一類基於制度變遷的最優增長模型。
  10. Professor prescott s contributions go well beyond macroeconomics. he is noted for his contribution to general equilibrium theory, in particular recursive competitive equilibrium and the extension of valuation equilibrium theory to an important class of environments with private information

    普利斯克特教授的貢獻不限於宏觀經濟學。他以一般均衡理論著稱，特別是在遞回競爭性均衡的研究和將價值均衡理論伸展至私有資訊存在的情況。
  11. It is generally believed that competitive equilibrium model describes definitely the operation of market economy and the fields of government micro - economic intervention are those of market failure, i. e. the " gap zone " between real market and pareto optimality

    一般認為，競爭性均衡模型基本上準確地描述了市場經濟的運行，在此基礎上，微觀經濟干預的領域是所謂的市場失靈的領域，即現實市場與資源配置的帕累托最優之間的「落差地帶」 。
  12. This land of technique has great defects, which arise from equilibrium interpretation of market by competitive equilibrium theory. the deductions from the disparity between real economic life and ccm have logic problems when they are used as guide of formulating economic policy

    這種方法存在很大的缺陷，它來自於作為其基礎的競爭性均衡理論對市場所作的均衡論解釋，而其根據現實經濟生活與完全競爭模型的差距所得出的推論，在用作制定政策的指導時存在邏輯上的問題。
  13. There exist two kinds of sources, which have caused current inequality of opportunities hi education. for one thing, it is outwardly influenced by the backwardness and unbalance of present economic and cultural development, which consists of the remaining and extreme trend of dualistic pattern of economy and society, lack and unequal distribution of national expenses of education and former culture. for another, it is inwardly affected by competitive examination of systematic education and elite education and increasing unhealthy elements in a microcosmic way

    造成目前我國教育機會不均等現狀的根源，從教育外部來看，在於現階段經濟、文化發展水平的落後與不平衡，特別是二元經濟社會結構的留存及其益發兩極分化的趨勢，國家教育經費的滯后投入和不均衡分配，以及舊文化因素對人們的觀念影響；從教育內部來看，則在於制度化教育、英才教育的競爭性考試和在微觀上一些不健康因素的滋生。
  14. From the angle of utility of environmental resources, it points out that the reality of conflicts between the environment and the economy results from the competition between the productive utility and the survival utility of environmental resources. it puts forward that it is the key to sustainable development of the environment to achieve equilibrium of two kinds of utility. it also studies the character of dynamic equilibrium between the sustainable developing environment with the economy and works out a dynamic equilibrium model in all conditions

    第二部分主要是論文的第二章，研究了可持續發展關于環境的命題，從環境資源的效用研究角度，提出了環境與經濟之間沖突的實質，是環境資源的「生產性效用」和「生存性效用」之間的競爭性引起的觀點；揭示了環境資源兩種效用沖突引起環境與經濟沖突的現實表現，指出實現兩種效用的均衡是實現環境可持續發展的關鍵；研究了可持續發展環境與經濟的動態均衡特性，提出了各種狀態下的動態均衡模型，本部分的研究為研究環境政策提供了理論依據。
  15. And it emphasizes links between institutions and competition and seeks balance of institution and competition. based on hypothesis of institution - correction equilibrium, this thesis analyzes unequilibrium of stock market in china as following : first, by discussing adverse selection and moral hazard in stock market, this thesis emphasizes the importance of institutional design in turning of non - competitive equilibrium of stock market into institution - correction equilibrium ( the third chapter )

    以制度矯正均衡假說為基礎，論文從如下一些方面研究了中國股票市場的非均衡問題：第一，通過對股票市場制度結構的典型問題? 「逆向選擇」和「道德危險」問題及其緩解機制的討論，強調了制度設計在實現股票市場從非競爭均衡到制度矯正均衡中的重要性（第三章） 。
  16. There is an important problem for the wdm network which is the traffic on the wdm network is dynamically variable, as a result, if the traffic on the virtual topology has changed, the performence of the network such as average number of weighted hops, the throughput of the network, the congestion of the network will decline, obviously, this is not acceptable for both the network administrators and network clients. in this thesis, the research of the plan of the wdm network under dynamically variable traffic can be classified into two main directions

    Wdm光傳送網是下一代高速廣域骨幹網的最具競爭力的候選者，但是， wdm網路存在的一個重要問題是在wdm網路上運行的業務量是動態變化的，這造成的結果是最初通過搭建光路設計好的光網路虛拓撲在新的業務量矩陣下它的性能如網路平均權重路由跳數，網路負載均衡性，網路擁塞等性能指標都有可能下降，這顯然是各個網路運營商和網路用戶所不能忍受的。
  17. Based on the logic of value - driction - structure, this disseftation staris from the value analysis of higher education. the values of higher education on anowledge, society and individual deve1opment are in harmony in themselves, while in realizing these values they show their competativeness for limited higher education resources. so higher education institutions and resources tend to assemble together in the developed regions on one hand, and on the other hand tend to locate in different regions evenly

    基於「價值? ?功能? ?結構」的邏輯，本文的分析從高等教育的價值入手，認為高等教育的知識價值、社會價值和個體價值本身是相互融合的，但由於高教資源的有限性，在價值實現上卻呈現出資源競爭性，使高等教育的區域分佈一方面趨向于向經濟、文化發達地區的集聚，從而形成非均衡狀態，另一方面趨向于地域分佈上的均衡狀態，出現集中與分散的矛盾。
  18. In marketing practice, the marketing managers often feel out of place about which kind of marketing channels should be constructed and how to manage marketing channels when product goes through the stages of product life cycle, obviously people in marketing practice focus on how to adjust channels extremely to adapt for the stages of product life cycle, in marketing theory, scholars also have strong interest in the research on the relationship between product life cycle and marketing channels, but, to our regrets, the research in the two domains is isolated and does n ' t find out the mechanism between product life cycle and the policies of marketing channels, so the conclusions of policies of marketing channels in the different stages of product life cycle are results of empiric, not of logic

    但令人遺憾的是，兩個領域的研究是脫節的，在產品生命周期與渠道政策之間缺乏一種機制分析，從而必然導致對不同生命周期階段的渠道政策結論帶有經驗性質，而不是邏輯的結果。本文的目的正是為了解決這一問題，試圖找出分析產品生命周期與營銷渠道政策之間的邏輯過程，從而為不同的產品生命周期階段的營銷渠道政策找出一個選擇的原則和方法，讓消費者行為和競爭者行為在渠道選擇中獲得一個動態的均衡。在此基礎上，針對產品生命周期的不同階段提出一些一般性的渠道政策結論，以供實踐中的人們予以參考。
  19. On the base of these principles and methods or the logical process, we provide some general policies of marketing channels for people in marketing practice to refer to. this dissertation has six sections. introductory introduces ces the background, objective, methods, theory bases and limit of research ; the first chapter is simple review on the theories and models ; the second chapter is the analysis of the basic aspects of marketing channels, including channels structure, channels " behaviors and the effect on the both, which comes from the computer information system ; the third chapter provides a mechanism of policies " choice of marketing channels ; the forth chapter provides some policies conclusions ; the final section simply criticizes this dissertation, including contributions, defects ect

    本文分六部分共四章，導言部分介紹本文的研究背景、目的、方法、研究的理論基礎及限制條件；第一章對現有的產品生命周期理論和模型進行簡單回顧並作出一些評價；第二章對渠道結構、渠道行為及計算機信息系統對營銷渠道結構和行為的影響等營銷渠道的三個基本問題進行分析；第三章提出不同產品生命周期階段營銷渠道政策的選擇機制，這個選擇機制實質上也是消費者行為和競爭者行為在渠道選擇中的一個均衡過程；第四章實際上是政策結論的部分，所提出的一般性渠道政策建議是渠道政策選擇機制合理的邏輯結果；文章的最後一部分是筆者自己對文章所作的一些簡要評價：包括文章的貢獻、缺陷等，並指出在這一領域中未來的研究方向。
  20. Existence analysis of price leadership model equilibrium

    寡頭企業價格領先競爭的均衡性
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