荷重系數 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [hézhòngxìshǔ]
荷重系數
英文
load factor-
Establishing an human spine dynamic model is an significan event to study spine injured biomechanics of pilot " s ejective injury, parachute opening, landing and study the endurance to impact loading on human spine. in this paper, the huston " s method of kane " s equations is developed so that it can be applied to the multibodysystem including translation between the bodyies. the dynamic model of human spine is provided basing on these theories, while the big movement of spine is considered. the deformation of vetebra is far smaller comparing with the intervetebra disc, so the spine is considered into multibodysystem including rigid bodies ( vetebra ) and the flexible bodies ( intervetebra disc ). the computer solution correspond with the results of the large scale human impact test. the rigid coefficient factors and the damping factor of intervetebra joints are obtained
人體脊柱動力學模型的建立對研究飛行員彈射救生、傘兵跳傘開傘、著陸等脊柱損傷的生物力學以及研究人體脊柱耐受沖擊載荷的極限問題都具有重要意義.首先發展了凱恩方程的休斯頓方法，使其可應用於變形體連接的多體系統，並以此理論為依據建立人體整椎脊柱沖擊動力學模型，此時考慮脊柱的大位移運動，每個椎骨的變形相對椎間盤的變形小得多，把脊柱看成由剛體（椎骨）和變形體（椎間盤）組成的多體系統.並以大型真人坐姿沖擊實驗結果進行了擬合，最後得到腰椎間關節剛度系數因子和阻尼系數因子In the research, a set of simulation equipment is developed to examine the drivers " static and dynamic fatigue. recur to the apparatus, contrast and control experiment are made among different ages, workload intension and workload factors group. the endings summarize as following : ( 1 ) driving sensation fatigue investigation ( investigation of psychological and physiologic index and contrast investigation of fatigue ) ; continuous driving load and discrete driving load investigation of fatigue
? ?門）駕駛疲勞平衡穩定性是通過在力檢測臺上描繪人體重心軌跡的方法，提出檢測駕駛員疲勞平衡穩定指數，在不同狀態下（傾斜度15 30 『以及閉目等狀態下）對不同負荷、不同年齡分別進行測試，建立駕駛疲勞客觀測試評價體系； n ）經實驗室研究與現場調查，通過對駕駛疲勞與駕駛時間、駕駛速度等關系的研究，提出了不同年齡、不同條件下的最大連續安全駕駛時間標準，日駕駛時間標準，最大安全行車速度標準等。Choose two nodes on the edge of the structural to compare the results calculating by the finite element program midas, then we can draw a conclusion that these kinds of space truss systems is sensitive to the libration of the dynamic wind loads. to consider this factor is very necessary in the process of design, we will use the pulsant augmentation coefficient to realize it
比較靜力風荷載和動力風荷載作用下的有限元軟體的計算結果，選取結構邊緣部分的兩個節點，對比它們在兩種方法計算下的最大位移的計算結果。經過比較可以看出重量輕、頻率低、阻尼小的柔性建築物對風荷載的橫向振動是很敏感的，在進行工程設計時應該考慮這種因素，並可採用乘以風振系數等相應方法來加以體現。In consideration of multitype risk in the operation of insurance companies, this paper studies some important variables in insurance business and then comes to the conclusion that the surplus process is related to safe load and individual claim amount distribution when the preliminary reserve is zero while the surplus process is related to adjustment coefficient when the preliminary reserve is beyond zero
摘要考慮到保險公司同時經營多種不同質風險的情況，本文從保險業務中需要研究的幾個重要變量出發，研究了初始準備金為零時，盈餘過程與安全負荷及個體索賠額分佈有關；當初始準備金大於零時，盈餘過程與調節系數相關等情形。This article aims at the boiler ' s problems in operation : 1 ) under nominal load, the smoke temperature at the outlet of hearth reaches 1200, far more exceeds 1050 the original designed temperature. this will always result in slag inside boiler and the temperature of overheater ' s pipe superheat, so that boiler cannot take nominal load and all these influence boiler ' s nomal operation heavily, 2 ) this article also studied the reason why the assistant oil becoming necessary when coal changes. during the nomal operation, many factors ( makeup of combustor and its disposal, smirch and encrust of water wall, excessive air coefficient, temperature of primary air, coal type and density of coal dust ) can deviate the designed working conditions, then affect the boiler ' s nomal operation
本文針對該鍋爐在實際運行中存在的問題：在額定負荷下，爐膛出口超溫、低溫段過熱器前煙溫高達936 ，遠遠超過815的設計值；噴燃器四周水冷壁結焦嚴重，過熱器管壁溫度超標，無法帶上額定負荷；甚至有時因燃煤質量的變化，必須投油助燃的嚴重情況進行了分析研究。在實際生產過程中，燃燒器的結構、布置，水冷壁的粘污、結垢，過剩空氣系數、一次風溫、煤種及其濃度變化等許多因素都會偏離鍋爐的設計工況，從而影響爐內的傳熱和燃燒，造成爐膛出口超溫、水冷壁結渣等問題。Besides, this paper adopts the random finite element method, uses geometric and physical mechanical parameters that are relevant to lining weight of surrounding rock, coefficient of lateral pressure, height or buried depth of vertical loading, elastic resistance coefficients of surrounding rock, elastic modulus of support structure, unit weight of concrete, thickness of the structure as well as torsional strength and compression strength of concrete and etc., as random variables, applies the monte - carlo method to sampling by computer, preliminarily evaluates the reliability of bearing capacity and stability of molded concrete lining of the xuefeng mountain tunnel, and obtains the related displacement of the lining, mean value and variance of internal force, and computed the reliability index of lining structures
此外，本文採用隨機有限元方法，將圍巖容重、側壓力系數、垂直荷載高度或埋深、圍巖的彈性抗力系數、支護結構的彈性模量、混凝土容重、結構的厚度以及混凝土的抗扭與抗壓強度等與襯砌結構有關的幾何與物理力學參數作為隨機變量，應用蒙特卡洛理論進行計算機隨機取樣，對雪峰山隧道模注混凝土襯砌的承載力與穩定性的可靠度進行了初步評估，得出了襯砌的相關位移與內力的均值和方差，並計算出了相應的襯砌結構可靠指標。Its hysteretic curve is plumper, its ductility coefficient and energy dissipation capacity have been improved remarkably. the inclined staff of the steel bar truss has a restraining faction to the development of the crack, and the phenomena is that there has more crak and larger distributing area on the shear wall, which is an important token of the improved seismic capacity. concealed steel bar truss has the faction of increasing the height of plastic hinge area, which is another important token of
研究結果表明:內藏鋼桁架高剪力墻與普通高剪力墻相比:屈服荷載和極限荷載均比顯著提高;屈服剛度明顯提高;其滯回環相對飽滿，延性系數及耗能能力顯著提高;內藏鋼桁架高剪力墻，其鋼桁架斜桿對裂縫發展有控製作用，現象是墻體上的裂縫較多、分佈域較廣，這是抗震耗能能力增強的重要表徵;內藏鋼桁架高剪力墻有增大底部塑性耗能區域的作用，這是抗震耗能能力增強的另一重要表徵;內藏鋼桁架還有顯著提高抵抗剪力墻基地剪切滑移能力的作用。Load equivalent factor lef
荷重當量系數This program can predict the wall temperature 、 internal wall heat tranfer coefficient 、 fluid temperature and entropy profile along the water wall. all of these provide an important foundation for designing this type of water wall structure to ensure the safety of the boiler operation. this hydrodynamic calculation program and the results can be used to analyze operation reliability and structure design of water wall system
利用所開發的程序對設計的超臨界cfb進行了計算，給出不同負荷下，水冷壁出口工質溫度分佈，水冷壁受熱面不同位置處的金屬壁溫、內壁放熱系數、流體溫度焓值分佈，以及不同管子的流動壓降等結果，為分析鍋爐工作可靠性及水冷壁系統的結構設計提供了重要依據。Through the bonding tests and the theory analysis between the advanced composite glass sheets and the concrete under the general load - carrying condition, the iterative load - carrying condition, the freeze - thaw action, and the defective bonding, the calculative model has been established, and the numerical value of fibre sheet strain under different load - carrying has been confirmed. the bond strength calculative expressions for the concrete bonded with glass fibre sheet under the pull - shear and the bend load - carrying conditions have been established. the author put forward the decreasing coefficient and the calculative expressions for the influence of reinforce effect by the non - effective area and the calculative expressions for the influence of the freeze - thaw action on the carrying capacity of the concrete beams
本文採用美國泰扶高強復合玻璃纖維布以及與之性能相當、由南京玻璃纖維研究院自行研製開發的egfw430型玻璃纖維布兩種材料，通過在靜載、重復荷載、凍融及有缺陷粘結條件下的高強玻璃纖維布與混凝土粘結性能的試驗研究與理論分析，建立了玻璃纖維布-混凝土的粘結計算模型，明確了不同受力狀態下纖維布應變的設計取值，提出了玻璃纖維布-混凝土抗剪粘結強度的計算公式;確定了考慮非有效粘貼面積對加固效果影響的折減系數;給出了凍融循環次數引起承載力下降的插值計算方法;並驗證了重復荷載作用下玻璃纖維布與混凝土良好的粘結性能。Meanwhile, dynamic responses at pile head are investigated. it is sh own that the effects of pile slenderness, bearing stiffness of pile toe and the pile - soil modulus ratio on pile impedance are major whereas the ones of the permeability and the soil reaction coefficient are minor
對影響樁振動特性的主要因素進行了分析，結果表明，長徑比、樁土模量比及樁底支承系數對樁的動力響應影響顯著，而滲透系數作為飽和土的一個重要參數，由於荷載作用時間問題，對樁的動力響應影響較小。The disposal of the valves and intake manifold structure not only affect fresh air charge but airflow in the cylinder, which immediately affect combustion efficiency and the performance of dynamic, economic and emission. the structure of the air distributing institution has influence on charging efficiency and the noise of engine. the combustion chamber affects compression scale which has great influence on dynamical performance ; f / v which affects the exhaust of hc ; squash area and clearance which have great influence on the intensity of squash
氣缸蓋的氣門排列方式與氣道結構形式影響進氣充量和氣流在氣缸內的運動，從而影響了燃燒效率，對整機的動力性、經濟性以及排放都有直接的影響；配氣機構的形式影響充氣系數和整機噪聲等；缸蓋燃燒室決定了影響整機動力性能的壓縮比，影響hc排放的f / v和對擠流起決定性作用的擠氣面積以及擠氣間隙，所以燃燒室對整機動力性、經濟性、排放等都有重要的影響；氣缸蓋是整機熱負荷與熱應力最大的部件之一，熱負荷過高將不利於發動機壽命以及可靠性的提高。In this paper, ptfe and ptfe composited with sicp, sicw, mos2p and sicp + mos2p with various ratios respectively have been obtained by compression molding. under the condition of dry friction, a systematic study has been done on the weight loss and the friction coefficient of composites and the relations between the properties and content of the filling, the load and the sliding velocity
在干摩擦滑動磨損條件下，對ptfe材料及其復合材料的磨損失重、摩擦系數及磨損機理進行了研究，同時對其與磨損外部條件（載荷、滑動速度）和材料的內部因素（填料的含量、粒徑、種類）的關系進行了較為系統的研究。Multi - span plastic greenhouse structure design theory has been studied systemic which include design loads, design methods and system optimization designs aimed at the situations above - mentioned, meanwhile, theory analysis and designs have been completed for series east - china multi - span plastic greenhouses in accordance with the local climate characteristic. some elementary conclusions are summed up : ( 1 ) in the aspect of multi - span plastic greenhouse structural design loads researches, based on the contrast analysis of loads provided in foreign and chinese standards, analysis and discussion are mentioned about the definition loads, the estimation and load cases for multi - span plastic greenhouse structural design in details, some conclusions are summed up first : i, wind load : under the present conditions, it is unnecessary to
得到一些初步的結論： （ 1 ）在連棟塑料溫室結構設計荷載研究方面，從分析比較國外關于溫室建築及我國工業與民用建築設計荷載規范的角度出發，針對連棟塑料溫室結構設計中的荷載定義方法、計算取值、荷載組合等進行了較深入的探討和分析，首次得到以下結論： 、風荷載：在現有條件下，考慮風壓高度變化系數、陣風作用因子和風荷載體型系數，按中國建築結構荷載規范（ cbj9 ? 87 ）計算風荷載是可以的，不必進行重現期博士學位論文摘要修正。It is suggested the gas supplying / delivering load coefficients are used to measure the gas supplying / delivering load features, which has important guiding significance for the engineering design, the gas transmission price making, operation and management etc. of gas pipelines
提出用天然氣管輸供用氣負荷系數來度量天然氣管輸的供用氣負荷特徵，對一般天然氣管道項目的工程設計、管輸費制訂、經營管理等都有重要參考意義。And, the coefficient of heat conduction, temperature rise and fall in shelter chamber experiment are made, the result shows the stable plate heat conduction method is applicable, the integration of experience formula for calculation of heat and cool load and experiment analysis is suitable for design and validation of temperature in shelter chamber, the integration can nicely reflect the condition of microclimate temperature in shelter chamber, and have importance reference value for research of microclimate condition in shelter chamber. at last, in article the comparison is made between the felt techniques and foam techniques of the laminate plates, and improved manufacture techniques of composite laminate is brought forward. the experiment indicates the improved techniques can ensure the structure strength and heat preservation and insulation performance
基於軍用醫療方艙特殊的微環境使用要求，運用穩定平壁傳熱分析方法建立了軍用醫療方艙鋁塑復合夾層大板傳熱系數理論計算模型，對軍用醫療方艙鋁-聚氨酯-鋁復合夾層大板材料隔熱保溫性能進行了理論分析；運用經驗分析方法進行了冷熱負荷計算分析；並對兩計算採用傳熱系數和艙室升溫、降溫試驗進行了對比試驗研究，結果表明穩定平壁傳熱分析方法計算傳熱系數方法可行，為方艙鋁塑夾層大板的隔熱保溫結構和性能設計提供重要依據，並準確表徵艙室內部微環境溫度條件，對軍用醫療方艙艙室微環境設計提供參考。Based on the new model, the influences caused by soil structure, apparent preconsolidation pressure, the re - compression index, the coefficient of secondary compression, the magnitude of loading, the coefficient of permeability, the rate of loading, the thickness of clay, the self - weight, the layered property etc, in the process consolidation of soil with structure, are analyzed in detail. the difference between the present model and yin & graham model was also given
基於本文新建模型，分析論述土結構性、表觀前期固結壓力、再壓縮系數、次固結系數、荷載增量大小、滲透系數、加荷速率、固結層厚度、自重應力隨深度變化和土體成層性等對土固結的影響，比較本文模型與yin & graham模型的異同，闡述土結構性和流變性對軟土固結壓縮行為的影響。Adopting the deformation harmony theory, the numeric calculation of the curve of load versus settlement is made. the fitting results between the calculated curve of load - settlement and the measured one of piles with different construction process are illustrated. hence, under the condition of few or no static load test data, the performance of bearing capacity of single bored pile in loess may be predicted utilizing indexes of shear wave velocity, static cone penetration test and modification coefficient of depth, so it is remarkable to reduce the blindness of preliminary design of pile
通過室內試驗及原位測試指標進行理論計算與現場實測值的對比，筆者引入了施工工藝修正系數k _ （ c1 ）和k _ （ c2 ）及深度修正系數，使理論計算值與現場實測值具有良好的一致性，進而通過變形協調理論對荷載?沉降曲線進行數值計算，並用不同施工工藝的實例說明了理論計算荷載?沉降曲線與實測荷載?沉降曲線的擬合效果，從而達到可在不做靜載荷試驗或少做靜載荷試驗的情況下通過剪切波速和靜力觸探試驗指標以及施工工藝修正系數等預測黃土地基中鉆孔灌注樁承載性狀，這對于工程初步設計中減少設計的盲目性具有十分重要的現實意義。Owing to the interfacial cracking which occurs under higher applied load conditions, the composite with high content of tib _ 2 phase exhibited a transition from mild wear to severe wear over the applied load range from 10 n to 80 n. under moderate applied load, increasing the sliding speed caused a decrease in wear rate and friction coefficient of the in - situ composites because the formation of a protective oxide film occurred on the sliding surface and the hardness of the subsurface layer was maintained due to reinforcement of tib2 nanoparticles in the cu matrix
隨著載荷的增加， cu -納米tib2原位復合材料的磨損率和摩擦系數增加；由於在較高載荷下發生表面開裂，高含量的tib2相增強原位復合材料發生了由輕度磨損向嚴重磨損形式的轉化。在中等載荷下由於表面保護性氧化膜的形成和基體中納米tib2相的存在使復合材料具有良好的抗軟化能力， cu -納米tib2原位復合材料的磨損率和摩擦系數隨著滑動速度的增加而下降。The main idea makes use of daubechies orthonormal bases to transform the differential equations into linear equations in wavelet space, and then solve the set of simultaneous equations to get the solution, transform the solution back into physical space to identify the moving loads or the prestressing force. numerical simulations demonstrate the efficiency of the method using selected measurements
該方法的思路是先對車橋系統進行有限元建模，再利用小波基將動力學方程導入小波空間，求解關于響應與載荷的小波系數的線性方程組得到載荷小波系數，重新導入到物理空間求得所需識別移動載荷。分享友人