行動中的法律 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [hángdòngzhōngdefǎlǜ]
行動中的法律 英文
law in action
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 的 : 4次方是 The fourth power of 2 is direction
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 律 : Ⅰ名1 （法律; 規則） law; rule; statute; regulation 2 （律詩的簡稱） short for lüshi 3 （姓氏） a ...
  • 行動 : 1 （行走; 走動） move about; get about 2 （為實現某種意圖而活動） act; take action 3 （行為; 舉動...
  • 法律 : law; statute法律保護 legal protection; 法律程序 legal procedure; 法律承認 de jure recognition （...
  1. Based on these defects, the article put forward some legal countermeasures to perfect the acclp for nine aspects in order to motive the acclp " s successful conduction. the nine aspects are : borrowing the western countries " acclp " s advanced experience ; building up the correct concept of acclp, decentralizing the high - centralized stockholder " s structure, re - distributing the power of company " s institutional framework and establishing the legal proceedings system during the stockholders in order to protect middle and little stockholder " s profits ; joint liability for guarder " s of the board and legal person " s personality deny system ; improving the framework of the board of directors ; perfecting the market mechanism

    在此基礎上，本文從借鑒發達國家公司法人治理結構的先進經驗；樹立公司法人治理結構的正確理念；分散高度集中的股權結構；重新配置公司內部權力結構；建立股東代表訴訟制度，保護中小股東的利益；建立監事（會）連帶賠償制度；建立公司法人人格否認制度；改善董事會結構；完善市場機制等九個方面提出了完善我國公司法人治理結構的法律措施，以便推動我國公司法人治理的順利進行。
  2. In any action there shall be available injunctive relief or damages, with the prevailing party being awarded costs and attorneys ' fees ( including in - house counsel )

    在任何法律行動中，發生的法律協助與損害，勝方可獲其成本和律師費用的賠償（包括內部律師） 。
  3. The cuhk graduate law centre which takes the entire second floor of the bank of america tower has a total area of 35, 000 sq ft. like the base of the school of law situated on the university main campus, the graduate law centre will be equipped with state - of - the - art teaching and research facilities including a moot court and computer workstations for e - learning

    香港中文大學于港島中區開設法律學院研究課程教學中心。研究課程教學中心位於中區美國銀行大廈二樓，地處香港司法、商業及金融中心。研究課程教學中心優越的地理位置，有助中大法律學院推動優質法律教育，取得市場優勢。
  4. I also summarized briefly the qualifications for tender agency, factors which would block the development of tender agents and the countermeasures, a nd anticipated the foreground of its development in water conservancy systems of hebei province, and then, i advanced my suggestion on the standardization of tendering and bidding procedures in the relevant projects ; i also analyzed the insufficiencies of decision - making system, documents study and circumstances research in the tenders. at the same time, i introduced the skills and strategies in the tendering and bidding, and advanced my analysis results and suggestions. through the introduction of the procedure from opening to evaluating and deciding the tenders, and the scores registration method on evaluating tenders, i pointed out the status quo and main problems occurred in the tendering and bidding in the construction of water conservancy projects in hebei province, and put forward my suggestion on the system of opening, evaluating and deciding of tender in the projects

    在對招標人、招標代理機構和招標過程的法律規定與分析后，指出河北省水利工程建設招標人和河北省工程建設招標代理機構的現狀及存在問題，提出了市場經濟條件下，最合理的招標組織形式為招標代理，並簡述了招標代理機構的資格要求、河北省水利工程建設管理機制中阻礙招標代理機構順利發展因素及對策，預測了招標代理制度在河北省水利系統的發展前景，對進一步規范河北省水利工程招標活動提出建議；對投標過程中存在的投標決策、招標文件研究、投標環境調查不足之處進行了分析，同時介紹了河北省水利工程建設投標報價技巧及策略，對河北省水利工程投標活動現狀及存在問題提出規范化的分析和建議；通過對水利工程開標、評標、定標運行程序和河北省水利工程評標計分辦法的介紹，指出了河北省水利工程建設招標投標定標運行的現狀和存在的問題，提出了河北省水利工程建設開標、評標、定標運行體系的建議。
  5. The turnaround of american tort law from traditional to modern embodied the trend from restricting tortuous liability to expanding. the basic reason of the trend was the transformation of economy and society in the advent of 20th century. at that time, the appeal court of new york became the pioneer in the innovation of american tort law by its eminent economic status and relatively exoteric judicial tradition. on the basis of refuting the formalism legal thought, cardozo carried on and develop the realistic legal thought of holmes and pound. meanwhile, he took full advantage of this practical legal thought in the field of american tort law

    美國的侵權行為法由傳統向現代的轉向體現為從限制侵權責任到擴大侵權責任的趨勢，而這一趨勢的產生又是以19世紀末20世紀初美國經濟和社會的轉型為根本動因的。 20世紀初，紐約上訴法院以其顯赫的經濟地位、相對開放的司法傳統，而成為美國侵權行為法變革的先導。在批判形式主義法律思想的基礎上，卡多佐繼承和發展了霍姆斯、龐德等人的現實主義法律思想，並將這種務實的法律思想充分體現在了侵權行為法領域的實踐和創新中。
  6. The article also discusses the trade restraint system. meanwhile, it discusses the system from the staff member ' s incumbency period and his dimission period respectively. finally, the article investigates into the legal status of the covenants not to compete and the validity of verdict criteria, thus advancing to protect the bus iness secrets and maintain fair competitiol with the trade restraint system

    文章從商業秘密保護著手，認為人才流動是商業秘密喪失的主渠道，因此有必要建立商業秘密保護中的競業禁止制度；文章探討了競業禁止的一般原理，並論證了實行競業禁止的理由；同時分別從職工在職期間和離職后兩個階段論述了競業禁止制度；最後，文章研究了競業禁止協議的法律地位，合法性和合理性的判斷標準，提出用競業禁止制度來保護商業秘密，維護公平競爭。
  7. Based on the case of above, we can precisely describe the soe and its policy background in objective and factualistic attitudes. fatherly we pay attention on the analysis of the characteristics and reasons the mergence of soe, as well as the government ' s action by means of exemplification analysis method. and then the countermeasures and suggestions in order to fasten the step of the mergence of soe and the marketization of soe are put forward

    在此基礎上，以客觀求實的態度對國有企業及其制度背景進行描述，進而採用實證分析的方法對國有企業兼并的特點、動因以及與之相關的政府行為進行重點分析，提出了國有企業產權基礎再造、完善社會保障體系，完善資本市場和中介組織培育、完善企業兼并的法律、制度以及修正政府行為等方面為加快國有企業兼并走向市場化運作的對策建議。
  8. Project cost management is defined as to employ administrant means, such as scientific and technical theory, economy and law to tackle the practical issues during the activity of project construction, including the definition and control of project cost, technology and economy, as. well as management, striving for the reasonable employment of manpower, material recourse and financial ability, to reach the aim for the improvement of the benefit on both investment and economy arising from all operations and organizing activities

    工程造價管理是指遵循工程造價運動的客觀規律和特點，運用科學、技術原理和經濟及法律等管理手段，解決工程建設活動中的工程造價確定與控制，技術與經濟，經營與管理等實際問題，力求合理使用人力、物力和財力，達到提高投資效益和經濟效益的全部業務行為和組織活動。
  9. Up to the present, macau does n ' t have any legal frame specialized for internet cafe, macau is only applying ( maquinas de diversao e jogos em video ) decreto - lei n. 47 / 98 / m published in the " boletim oficial " to regulate the game centers providing mainly internet games, and applying ( estabelecimento hoteleiro e estabelecimentos similares ) decreto - lei n. 16 / 96 / m to regulate the cafe or restaurants providing internet services

    目前澳門未有專為網吧而設的法律框架，只套用電子游戲機中心《澳門政府公報》第47 98 m號法令去監管網際網路游戲服務為主的互動游戲中心，及套用酒店業及同類行業《澳門政府公報》第16 96 m號法令去監管附設電腦上網服務的飲食場所，對于「提供網際網路及上網服務」之場所需要另行立法管制，因應這方面的討論，現正參考不同形式的管制模式，對網吧的經營作出管制。
  10. The feeling that there was one law for the workers and another for the gentry did much to undermine faith in the justice of the previous incomes policy

    對勞動者實行一種法律，而對中上層階層卻實行另一種法律，這種想法極大地損害了以前收入政策的公正性的可信度。
  11. In the united states, international treaties present at least four distinctive forms, and article vi, section ii of the us constitution adopts them wholesale as the supreme law of the land ; nevertheless, since 1829 the courts have come to distinguish the self - executing and non - self - executing treaties, but a large volume of cases and commentaries have controversy and confusion on the differential criteria, which has fallen into four categories in this article : intent, constitutionality, justiciability and private right of action

    首先， 《美國憲法》第六條第二款將在國內至少表現為四種不同形式的國際條約作為整體一攬子采納為全國最高的法律；但自從1829年，其司法實踐中開始區分自動執行與非自動執行兩種類型的條約，前者無須進一步採取立法或行政上的措施就能直接適用，後者反之。大量的案例和評論對於二者的區分標準充滿了爭論與困惑，本文將其分為意圖、合憲性、司法性和私人訴權四類並加以分析和評價。
  12. In order to make the small - scale farming mingle with macro - market, ease high tension between laboring population and acreage of farming land per capita, lead farmers to participate in intensive faming integration, and resolve the contradiction between micro - household and macro - market, the government should create a law framework of farming land contract, construct a marketing system transacting the ownership of the contracted farming land, and strengthen training rural surplus labors

    文章提出：在目前政府實行一系列惠農、利農政策的有利形勢下，農業完全可以適時提出集約化規模經營；政府需要特別關注的是農地承包經營權方面的法律體系建設，加快農村土地承包經營權轉讓的市場建設，加大農村富餘勞動力的培養力度，真正實現農民自覺參與農業集約化規模經營中來，徹底解決當前小農戶、大市場的矛盾。
  13. In order to equip officers and men with knowledge of the law in accordance with the state ' s unified plan on publicity and education in the law for all citizens, the chinese armed forces carried out two sessions of the five - year legal education program from 1986 to 1995

    為增強官兵的法律素質，根據國家關于在全體公民中進行法制宣傳教育的統一部署， 1986年至1995年中國軍隊連續開展了兩個五年普法教育活動。
  14. The main types of college teachers ’ appointment contract include : the college teachers ’ of the fixed deadline, the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the deadline to complete the certain work, and the college teachers ’ appointment contract of the special attendance, and also we can get another two types of college teachers ’ appointment contract, which are individual college teachers ’ appointment contract and collective college teachers ’ appointment contract, according to the number of people in one party ; they must be work out by the strict written form, and must pass through the offer and the acceptance step, and don ’ t acknowledge the legal effect of the factual appointment contract ; after the appointment contract becomes effective, the higher college as the appointed party and the teacher as engaged party should completely fulfill the right and obligation provisions in the contract under the instructions of the three principles : fulfill personally, comprehensively, cooperatively. in which, the teachers ’ rights and obligations include : enjoy and undertake the rights and obligations as the specialist engaged in education, teaching and the scientific research ; may change or terminate the contract on the basis of the bilateral consultation, but dismissal and resignation must conform to the agreement or the legal matter ; in the liabilities for breach the contract, be headed by the practical fulfillment, including other two remedial way which are damage compensation and penalty ; in the dispute solution, must establish the perfect concrete mediation system, the arbitration and the civil lawsuit system

    高校教師聘任合同主要類型為固定期限的高校教師聘任合同、以完成一定工作為期限的高校教師聘任合同和特殊照顧的高校教師聘任合同，也可依據合同當事人一方人數的多寡不同，也可將個人高校教師聘任合同和集體高校教師聘任合同;其應當以嚴格的書面形式訂立，須經過要約、承諾步驟，且不應當承認事實聘任合同的法律效力;聘任合同生效后，作為聘任方的高等學校和受聘方的教師應當在親自履行、全面履行和協作履行三大原則的指導下完全履行合同中所約定的權利義務條款，其中教師的權利義務內容包括作為一般公民和作為從事教育教學及其科研活動的專業人員所應享有或者承擔的權利義務;經過雙方的協商可以變更或者終止合同，但解聘和辭聘必須符合約定或者法定的事由;在違約責任形式上，應當確立以實際履行為首，包括損害賠償、違約金等三種補救方式;在爭議解決方式上應當建立健全具體的調解制度、仲裁和民事訴訟制度。
  15. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  16. The laws also offer the disabled, especially the mentally or intellectually handicapped, who are involved in criminal, civil or administrative procedures, special protection of their procedural rights and the necessary legal assistance

    法律還對殘疾人特別是精神或智力殘疾者在參與刑事、民事、行政訴訟活動中的訴訟權利給予特別保護，提供必要的法律援助。
  17. Criminals ' compensated labor is the current practice of other countries ' prisons, especially the laws about it in developed countries is perfected and play an actitive role in correcting criminals ' work

    摘要罪犯有償勞動是當今世界各國監獄的通行作法，尤其是發達國家對罪犯有償勞動的法律規定具體完備，在罪犯矯正工作中發揮了積極的作用。
  18. This article is a tentative study on the practical and real laws

    本文是對實然的法律、行動中的法律所作的一個嘗試性的研究。
  19. Legalists usually stress on the laws of course instead of practical laws, on the provisions on paper instead of those in reality

    法學家往往關注的是應然的法律而不是實然的法律，關注的是字面上的法律而不是行動中的法律。
  20. Part i is the 1st chapter, which explicates the legal connotation and classification of the securities investment fund and outlines its origin and development. part ii consists of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th chapters, which discuss the legal characteristics and structure of the securities investment fund, and the regulatory systems of various countries. part iii is mainly focused on legal matters related to the transnational activities of the securities investment fund, including market accession mechanism and international cooperation on regulatory system

    第一部分為第一章，主要是對證券投資基金的法律涵義、分類、起源及發展進行了概括性的闡述；第二部分包括第二、第三、第四章，主要論述證券投資基金的法律性質及特徵、法律結構及各國之監管體系等問題；第三部分主要論述證券投資基金跨國活動中的法律問題，包括各國市場準入機制及國際監管合作。
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