表型多效性 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [biǎoxíngduōxiàoxìng]
表型多效性
英文
phyhotypic pleiotropy-
It was suggested that eric - pcr could substitute for rapd in research related to the genetic identification and genetic diversity in auricularia and other edible and medicinal fungi : 2 to a certain extent, genetic differences among auricularia strains tested in this study did not have necessary relativity with their geographical origins respectively ; 3 in this study, genetic diversity in a. polytricha was higher than that in a. auricula : 4 in this study, a. fuscosuccinea had a higher homology to a. auricula than to a. polytricha ; 5 morphological characteristics validated the results from eric - pcr and provided a potential explanation for the higher similarity coefficient between a. auricular and a. fuscosuccinea ; 6 southern hybridization was employed by choosing a strain from a. auricula as a probe which hybridized with a. auricula and a. fuscosuccinea except a. polytricha, further confirming the veracity of the results from eric - pcr ; 7 in this study, isozyme analysis could not cluster the 7 strains from three auricularia species to different groups efficiently ; 8 2 strains from two auricularia species revealed high conservative degree and the restriction fragment patterns by 4 kinds of restricted enzymes showed no diversity
本研究中，木耳屬2個種的2個菌株在its區域表現出較高的保守性， 4種限制型內切酶的酶切圖譜沒有顯示出多態性；增加內切酶種類及供試菌株數量，有可能獲得具有多態性的限制性內切酶酶切圖譜； 9本實驗中， its區域的真菌特異性引物與真核生物通用引物對于擴增效果無較大差異，擴增片段長度均為650bp左右； 10根據形態學實驗、 eric - pcr實驗以及southern雜交實驗的結果分析，紫木木耳屬種質資源的遺傳鑒定和遺傳多樣性評價耳極有可能是毛木耳種的一個變種; n .本研究中所用的gutc法是一種適用於木耳屬菌株基因組洲a快速提取的方法; 12 .傳統的形態學分類法和現代的分子生物學分類法，兩者的關系是相輔相成，互為驗證Thirdly, resorting to cooperation - competition model of biomathematics, this thesis proposes a new co - evolution model. simulation results are shown to verify its effect and practicabilitv. last, standard methods for optimizing neural netvvorks are easily trapped into local optimization, and unable to adjust the structure of neural networks, thus their application is limited to certain extent
本文主要驗證和設計適應性操作運算元和小生境方法保持群體多樣性的能力，實驗表明兩種方法都能較好地達到目的；利用生物合作競爭模型設計協同演化來動態地改變群體規模，實驗表明該模型是有效的；人工神經網路是得到越來越廣泛應用的學習系統，但是由於學習演算法存在一定的缺陷，如易於陷入局部極值，難以調整網路的結構等，使神經網路的應用受到一定的限制。So many researchers have put forward the different opinions, for example, crozier established the low efficient sticky characteristics model of bureaucracy robert morton suggested anti - function theory of bureaucracy, and etc. the unavoidable questions must be investigated are : does the bureaucracy really show efficient principles ? can the bureaucracy reflect the value of stabilization and equality
但是，科層制並不是總能夠表現出理性的特徵，越來越多的學者們提出與馬克斯?韋伯不同的觀點，例如克羅茨crozier的「科層制的低效率剛性」模型、 robertmorton羅伯特?默頓的科層制的反功能理論，等等。Furthermore, the dq value ranges of profile multifarctal spectra in different landform types and in different directions of the same sections perform different properties and anisotrpies. it can be concluded that the landscape fractal properties depends closely on the int ensity, manner and inhomogenity of exogenic and inogenic processess, and with the properties, we can study quantatively the dynamic geomorphic process. by using the same methods just above, local fractal dimensions d, crossover length tc and the multifractal spectra dq - q of two large - scale landform profiles ( across and along tianshan mountain ranges respectively ) are calculated. the results show that in the studied scaling range the two profiles perform different scaling properties, and both of them can be divided to three evident different linear scaling subsections
不同類型地貌區二維地貌表面也表現出多度域分形特徵，而且隨著觀測尺度的增加，每個區間的分維值均表現為依次減小，表明外營力作用的影響逐漸被內營力作用所取代：不同類型地貌區在相應區間的分維值表現為高山區中低山區盆地區，體現了不同類型地貌表面粗糙性或復雜性的差異，因此分維值大小可作為地貌表面外營力侵蝕作用強度的重要指標：利用標度區的間斷點和各種地貌類型表面分維值或宏觀效應趨於一致，提出5 - 6km左右可作為地貌的宏觀臨界點，並且與利用地貌剖線研究所得到的5km這一數值是基本吻合的。Secondly, the course of transformation in china ' s grass - root shows that political integration by power exclusively uses national power as the main measure of political integration, that the state executes in a sovereignty capacity a simplex " reflexive monitoring " to societies within the " national boundaries ". in order to secure the national power to arrive quickly and effectively at each would - be integrated stage, the state eliminates those tanglesome characteristics of all the integration objects, and regard them as indistinctive abstract existence wanting technical treatment. thus, integration of this kind holds the political community externally, rather than internally and organically
第二，以中國基層社會為敘述場景的社會轉型歷程表明，國家權力支配型的政治整合排他性地將國家權力作為政治整合的主導手段，國家以主權者的身份對處于「國界」中的社會實施一元化的「反思性監控」 ，並為了保證國家權力能夠迅捷有效地抵達有待整合的各個層面，而消除了一切整合對象的「雜多」個性，將之視為有待技術化處理的無差別的抽象存在，致使這種整合形式只能維系政治共同體的外在統一，而無法實現作為「共同體」應有之義的內在凝聚和有機團結。Abstract : aiming at the variety of modals of nonlinear systems, we proposed a general parameter estimation method based on genetic algorithms ( ga ), which can be used in most kinds of nonlinear system modal. this method was applied to simulating parameter estimation of several different examples of nonlinear systems. the results proved that the method is effective and useable
文摘:針對非線性系統模型的多樣性，提出適用於多種非線性模型的基於遺傳演算法的參數估計方法，並以多種非線性模型為例作了模擬研究.結果表明，遺傳演算法是非線性系統模型參數估計的有效工具The genetic correlations of six agronomic characters in some indica - japonica crosses were analyzed using mixed - linear model method. the results indicated that there existed correlations to a certain degree among the measured traits. the phenotypic correlations of plant height with filled grain or seed setting were significant. panicle length with total grains or filled grain, total grains with filled grain or seed setting, and filled grain with seed setting were the same. for panicle length with plant height or seed setting, total grains with filled, and for filled grain with seed setting, genetic correlations were also significant. further analysis, the result showed that genetic correlations between the measured traits were mainly due to domimant effects. in addition, additive correlations were significant for grain weight with panicle length or total grains or filled grain, and for total grains with filled grain
用混合線性模型方法對秈粳亞種間雜交組合農藝性狀的相關性進行了遺傳研究，結果表明：被測性狀之間大都存在一定程度的相關.其中，株高與實粒數、結實率，穗長與總粒數、實粒數，總粒數與實粒數和結實率，以及實粒數與結實率之間具有顯著的表型相關，總粒數與實粒數，實粒數與結實率，以及穗長與株高和結實率之間具有顯著的遺傳相關.進一步的分析表明，性狀之間的遺傳相關大多歸因於顯性效應，而粒重與穗長、總粒數和實粒數之間，以及總粒數與實粒數之間還具有極顯著的加性相關Meanwhile, the male mice deficient for germ - cell cyritestin are infertile. therefore, both spl7 and cyritestin are important molecules in the process of fertilization. nevertheless, people can not get fully satisfied the results in some contraceptive researches for their limited effects respectively
其n端含有去整合素結構域，然而多數實驗結果表明單一應用這些分子所獲得的免疫性避孕效應非常有限，從而提出今後的研究方向是更具抗原性或良好運載體系的新型多價疫苗。It is derived the hamiltonian for the interaction of a - type three - level atom with a two - mode quantum cavity field from the general interaction hamiltonian between a multi - level atom and a multi - mode radiation field, and reduce it into an effective two - mode raman - coupled mode under large detuning condition. it is proposed a modified effective hamiltonian for the two - mode raman - coupled model. it is found the time - dependent state vectors and present validity conditions for the involved interaction hamiltonians. it is shown that in the study of the two - mode raman - coupled model it is not enough to retain only the usually used effective hamiltonian, one must also take into account the ac stark shift of the atomic levels ( at least one of the levels ). finally, it is studied the atomic dynamics in the interaction of a - type three - level atom with a two - mode quantum cavity field and in the two - mode raman - coupled model. it is found that the number of collapse - revivals, the collapse time and the revival time show new characteristics
從多能級原子與多模光場的相互作用哈密頓量出發，導出了型三能級原子與雙模光場的相互作用哈密頓量.在大失諧條件下將其化成等效的二能級形式雙模喇曼耦合模型.提出了該模型的一個改進型等效哈密頓量.該哈密頓量由兩部分構成：一部為通常所謂的等效哈密頓量，另一部分描述原子能級的動態斯塔克移動.研究表明，在雙模喇曼耦合模型的研究中，只考慮前者是不夠的，還必須考慮後者.最後，我們研究了該系統中原子的動力學行為，發現崩塌-復甦的數目、崩塌時間和復甦時間均呈現新的特性Abstract : an integrated approach is proposed to investigate the fuzzy multi - attribute decision - making ( madm ) problems, where subjective preferences are expressed by a pairwise comparison matrix on the relative weights of attributes and objective information is expressed by a decision matrix. an eigenvector method integrated the subjective fuzzy preference matrix and objective information is proposed. two linear programming models based on subjective and objective information are introduced to assess the relative importance weights of attributes in an madm problem. the simple additive weighting method is utilized to aggregate the decision information, and then all the alternatives are ranked. finally, a numerical example is given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. the result shows that it is easier than other methods of integrating subjective and objective information
文摘:研究了結合主觀和客觀信息的模糊多屬性決策問題，其中主客觀信息分別由屬性權重的兩兩比較矩陣和決策矩陣組成.提出一種結合主觀和客觀信息的特徵向量決策方法，給出了2種求解基於主客觀特徵向量法的模糊多屬性決策方法.這種方法通過求解2個線性目標規劃模型得到最優屬性權重，然後，通過對決策信息進行簡單的加權集結，得到所有方案的排序結果.最後，通過一個算例說明了該方法的實用性和有效性.結果表明，該方法要比其他主客觀結合多屬性決策方法簡單An integrated approach is proposed to investigate the fuzzy multi - attribute decision - making ( madm ) problems, where subjective preferences are expressed by a pairwise comparison matrix on the relative weights of attributes and objective information is expressed by a decision matrix. an eigenvector method integrated the subjective fuzzy preference matrix and objective information is proposed. two linear programming models based on subjective and objective information are introduced to assess the relative importance weights of attributes in an madm problem. the simple additive weighting method is utilized to aggregate the decision information, and then all the alternatives are ranked. finally, a numerical example is given to show the feasibility and effectiveness of the method. the result shows that it is easier than other methods of integrating subjective and objective information
研究了結合主觀和客觀信息的模糊多屬性決策問題，其中主客觀信息分別由屬性權重的兩兩比較矩陣和決策矩陣組成.提出一種結合主觀和客觀信息的特徵向量決策方法，給出了2種求解基於主客觀特徵向量法的模糊多屬性決策方法.這種方法通過求解2個線性目標規劃模型得到最優屬性權重，然後，通過對決策信息進行簡單的加權集結，得到所有方案的排序結果.最後，通過一個算例說明了該方法的實用性和有效性.結果表明，該方法要比其他主客觀結合多屬性決策方法簡單Ceramic grain filters ard made of refined pottery clays added with certain modifiers, and processed of grinding, mixing, shaping and high temperature sintering. they do not contain any substances that harmful to people or environment. they are hard and rough in surface, porous inside the structure, and have the advantages of high mechanical strength, large specific surface area and porosity. when used in water treatment, they behave a activated surface property, a great amount of pollutant entrapment, less water head loss in the filter bed, lower consumption of back - flush water, stable in chemical and gbiologic property, and long service life, ceramic grain filters is a new and efficient filter material to increase the water yield, upgrade the water quality, and save chemicals and energy
陶粒濾料是以精製陶土為主要原料，摻加適量改性劑，經粉碎，混練，成型和高溫煅燒而製成的，不含任何對人體和環境有害的物質.其表面堅硬，粗糙，內部疏鬆，多孔，具有機械強度高，比表面積大，孔隙率大的特性.用於水處理中，具有表面性狀好，截污能力強，過濾水頭損失小，反沖洗耗水量低，化學穩定性和生物學穩定性好，使用壽命長的特點.陶粒濾料是一種能增加水產量，提高出水質量，節省藥劑和能耗的新型高效過濾材料The results indicated that as the intensity of sward cleavage increased, elymus nutans and other plants that had high requirements in soil aeration and resource space presented an increased competitive edge and the species that had low requirements in soil aeration and resource space presented an opposite picture ; low - intensity sward cleavage could help increase species diversity to a certain extent, but the diversity index appeared to decline as a whole as the cleavage intensity increased ; the effects of sward cleavage on functional groups of the vegetations showed in such manner as e. nutans - represented grasses increased in their composition with the intensity of sward cleavage raised, and sedges and forbs decreased in their compositions with the intensity of sward cleavage raised ; sward cleavage showed a significant improving effect on primary productivity of the meadows and was capable of increasing the proportion of quality - grass biomass to the total plant biomass ; sward cleavage could be independently employed as an effective measure to rehabilitate and improve alpine - meadow grasslands and thus played a basic and key role in the technical combination aiming at establishing hay fields characterized by e. nutans
結果表明：垂穗披堿草等對土壤通透性和資源空間要求較高的物種，競爭力隨劃破強度的增加而上升，而對土壤通透性和資源空間要求相對較低的物種則相反；輕度劃破干擾對提高物種豐富度具有一定的促進作用，但多樣性指數則總體上表現為隨劃破強度的增加而呈下降的趨勢；劃破干擾對植被功能群的影響表現為以垂穗披堿草為代表的禾草類組分隨干擾強度的增加而顯著上升，莎草類和雜類草組分隨干擾強度的增加而顯著下降；劃破干擾對草地初級生產力的提升具有顯著的促進作用，且可顯著增加植物總量中優質牧草的比重；劃破干擾可獨立作為高寒草甸類草地恢復與改良的有效措施，在定向培育垂穗披堿草型割草場的技術組合中具有核心和基礎性的地位。On the basic of a great of literature reading and research on safety of side impact of the car, according to requirement of ece r95, applied madymo6. 2. 1 software, established simulation model of side impact of the car, researched the relationship between side rigidity of the car and passenger injury in side impact, which showed that during first impact the bigger side rigidity was, the more advantaged protection for the car and passenger in a definite range, and which drew a conclusion that the most serious part of passenger injury was pelvis during first impact. then detailed the substructure model by defining bodies, joints, contact types and contact characteristic, researched some improvement approach for side safety of the car, and then analyses a particular case, that was to say to fix vehicle door bar fender on between inner and outer plate of the vehicle door, analyzed the influence of passenger injury when the bar fender was fixed on different position, the result showed that the passenger injury was less when the bar fender was fixed on the height of vehicle door decorate bar. finally, a set of tests were performed, contrasting the simulation result with the test, analyzed the influence of the side rigidity of the car to passenger injury, which showed the test
本文在對汽車的側面碰撞安全性進行大量文獻閱讀和研究的基礎上，按照歐洲ecer95側面碰撞乘員保護法規的要求，應用多剛體動力學軟體madymo6 . 2 . 1 ，建立了汽車的側面碰撞模擬模型，研究了汽車的側面剛性對乘員損傷的影響，結果表明在「一次碰撞」中，在一定范圍內汽車側面剛性越大，越有利於汽車和乘員的保護，同時得出結論，即在「一次碰撞」過程中人體損傷最嚴重的部位是骨盆;然後通過定義各剛體、鉸鏈、接觸類型以及接觸特性，對該模型進行子結構細化工作，研究了加強汽車側面安全性的若干改進措施，並進行了一個特例分析，即在此模型的車門內外板之間安裝了車門防撞桿，分析了當車門防撞桿安裝在不同位置時對乘員損傷的影響，結果表明防撞桿位於車門裝飾條的高度時，對乘員的損傷較小;最後進行了一組側面碰撞試驗，通過試驗和模擬結果的對比，分析汽車的側面剛性對乘員損傷的影響，表明試驗和模擬結果是一致的，從而證明了模擬模型的有效性以及模擬結果的正確性。Abstract : a new approach, gate - capacitance - shift ( gcs ) approach, is described for compact modeling. this approach is piecewise for various physical effects and comprises the gate - bias - dependent nature of corrections in the nanoscale regime. additionally, an approximate - analytical solution to the quantum mechanical ( qm ) effects in polysilicon ( poly ) - gates is obtained based on the density gradient model. it is then combined with the gcs approach to develop a compact model for these effects. the model results tally well with numerical simulation. both the model results and simulation results indicate that the qm effects in poly - gates of nanoscale mosfets are non - negligible and have an opposite influence on the device characteristics as the poly - depletion ( pd ) effects do
文摘:提出了一種新的建立集約模型的方法，即柵電容修正法.此方法考慮了新型效應對柵電壓的依賴關系，且可以對各種效應相對獨立地建模並分別嵌入模型中.另外，利用該方法和密度梯度模型建立了一個多晶區內量子效應的集約模型.該模型與數值模擬結果吻合.模型結果和模擬結果均表明，多晶區內的量子效應不可忽略，且它對器件特性的影響與多晶耗盡效應相反A concept - based approach is expected to resolve the word sense ambiguities in information retrieval and apply the semantic importance of the concepts, instead of the term frequency, to representing the contents of a document. consequently, a formalized document framework is proposed. the document framework is used to express the meaning of a document with the concepts which are expressed by high semantic importance. the framework consists of two parts : the " domain " information and the " situation background " information of a document. a document - extracting algorithm and a two - stage smoothing method are also proposed. the quantification of the similarity between the query and the document framework depends on the smoothing method. the experiments on the trec6 collection demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach in information retrieval tasks. the average recall level precision of the model using the proposed approach is about 10 ? higher than that of traditional ones
為了獲取詞語在文章中的語義權重，解決詞語的同義、多義模糊問題，提升信息檢索的效率，提出了一種基於概念的檢索模型，模型中設計了一種形式化的文本內容表示框架，框架由2部分構成:文章的"領域"以及"情景與背景"信息，並由概念（形式化語義）加以表示.同時，提出了提取該概念框架的方法，給出了用於框架與檢索要求間匹配的兩階段平滑演算法.實驗表明，在trec6提供的小規模語料集下，採用所提出方法的信息檢索模型與傳統模型相比，平均召回準確率提升了約10 ? ，效果顯著，充分說明了基於本文描述方法構建的、以概念作為處理中介的信息檢索系統的有效性和可行性It is desirable for all related insiders and outsiders to discern all potential risk in advance. this paper, with the adoption of special treatment resulted from abnormal financial position as the indicator of financial distress, the univariate variable analysis and multiple variable analysis as the research approach and some financial ratios as variable, tries to find an optimal financial distress prediction model of chinese manufacturing listed companies based on public accounting data. our finding demonstrate that five general financial ratios and three ratios concerning the cash flow have better predicting ability, the erroneous classification ratio are low. these five general financial ratios are earning per share, return on net assets, return on gross assets, growth rate of net profits, growth rate of net assets ; the three ratios concerning the cash flow are net cash flows from operating activities per share, net re - earnable cash flows / current liability, net cash flows from operating activities / net profit
研究結果表明，在單變量分析中，每股收益、凈資產收益率、總資產報酬率、凈利潤增長率、凈資產增長率這5個財務比率的錯分率較低、預測能力較強；經營活動凈現金流量與凈利潤之比、每股經營現金流量、可重復賺取的現金凈流量與流動負債之比這三個現金流量財務比率對于預測上市公司財務困境具有有效性；多變量分析中，應用費雪判別分析和典則判別分析得到兩個判別模型，在典則判別分析中，應用兩種方法確定所建模型的最佳分界點，檢測證明應用所得兩個判別模型進行財務困境預測的準確率很高。Material balance and energy balance equations of complex multi - effect evaporation system were expressed in matrix equation, which has the advantages of clear structure and high modularization. by holding or omitting correlation block - matrix in matrix equation, matrix equation could be used to describe the difference of forward - feed, back - feed and cross - reed multi - evaporation system with or without solid separation, extra steam being led off to preheat material liquid, condensation water flash, or solution flash. the models include design and operation
該模型利用矩陣方程具有結構清晰和高度模塊化的特點，將復雜多效蒸發系統的物料及熱量衡算方程組以矩陣形式表達，通過保留或舍棄矩陣中特定功能模塊，模型就能代表有或無固相析出、有或無引出額外蒸汽預熱原料液、有或無冷凝水閃蒸、有或無溶液閃蒸等不同情況以及各種情況任意組合的併流、逆流、錯流多效蒸發過程，從而實現模型的通用性。The results show that multi - lever and multi - strand horizontal submerged jets are a new energy dissipation type and have better stability of flow patter, lower velocity in the slab and higher dissipated energy rate than the single - lever and the multi - strand horizontal submerged jets
研究表明，多股多層水平淹沒射流較單層多股水平淹沒射流流態穩定性好、臨底流速低、消能率高，是一種高效的新型消能方式。Four chapters including chapter 5 and chapter 6 and chapter 7 and chapter 8 were consisted of part 3 as empirical analysis. in order to improve reliability and classic and effectiveness of research conclusions to the greatest extents, characteristics of statistic samples and time periods were emphasized in the studies and the kinds of statistical software and test tools were used in the periods of models being built
第三部分為我國上市公司控制權變更的實證分析，包括第五章、第六章、第七章和第八章共四章內容，實證是該部分的最大特徵，統計樣本選取注重其代表性和時序發展特徵，統計指標全面和多角度反映研究對象，運用統計軟體和多種檢驗手段建立模型，以便最大限度提高研究結論的可靠性、代表性和有效性。分享友人