違反中立行為 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [wéifǎnzhōnglìhángwéi]
違反中立行為 英文
u eutral service
  • 違 : 動詞1. （不遵照; 不依從） disobey; defy; violate 2. （離別） part; leave; be separated
  • 反 : Ⅰ名詞1 （方向相背） reverse side 2 （造反） rebellion 3 （指反革命、反動派） counterrevolutionari...
  • 立 : 動1 （站） stand; remain in an erect position 2 （使豎立; 使物件的上端向上） erect; stand; set up...
  • 行 : 行Ⅰ名詞1 （行列） line; row 2 （排行） seniority among brothers and sisters:你行幾? 我行三。where...
  • 違反 : violate; run counter to; transgress; infringe
  • 行為 : action; behaviour; conduct; deed
  1. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  2. Trust interests losses is like that : because of one side ' s false action in concluding a treaty which makes contract invalid or untenable and all kinds of fees and other losses ca n ' t be compensated of fault in concluding a treaty can take place in the course of concluding a treaty or after the contract taking effect 3 ) the side who breaks the previous contract obligation makes mistakes

    信賴利益損失，是指因另一方的締約過失行為而使合同不能成立或無效，導致信賴人所支付的各種費用和其他損失不能得到彌補。締約過失上的損失既可發生於締約過程中，也可發生於合同有效成立后。 （ 3 ）違反先合同義務的一方有過錯。
  3. In addition, cppcem and the dlms china ua agrees to submit to the personal jurisdiction and venue of such courts

    任何違反本協議的行為都將提交瑞士日內瓦的州立或聯邦法庭裁決.另外， cppcem和dlms中國用戶協會須同意接受這些法庭的執法權限以及開庭地點。
  4. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  5. Subscriber agrees to immediately notify cuhk of any unauthorized use of subscriber ' s account or any other breach of security known to subscriber

    訂戶同意在知悉訂戶之戶口被盜用或任何違反安全使用之行為時，立即通知中大。
  6. The essay observe the pre - procedure in chinese civil litigation for securities tort compensation, and why the legislators set it up. and then author analyse some existing problems of this pre - procedure. finally, author think that we should adopt a specific securities arbitration mechanism as another pre - procedure, so we can let more victims have access to justice

    首先考察了我國現行證券民事侵權賠償訴訟的前置程序，以及立法者設置它的目的；其次分析這一前置程序存在的問題，指出其違反一般法理，並在實際操作中存在諸多相互矛盾的問題需要解決；最後，大膽設想增加專業證券糾紛仲裁作為我國證券民事侵權賠償訴訟的前置程序，以賦予更多受害投資者獲得司法救濟的權利。
  7. As a worldly rule, the rule of rescuing flaws on decision of shareholders have developed fully, and present different features in legislation of different countries and zones. comparative study on this rule of countries and zones will take us benefical inspire. this thesis mainly comparative study kinds and grounds of action in the rule of rescuing flaws on decision of shareholders, and analyse and sum up three forms on how to divide the kinds of action and grounds of action in different kinds of action, include action on invalid decision, action on canceling decision, action on confirming the decision not exist and action on canceling and changing unqualitified decision, furthermore, clarify that the grounds of action of rescuing flaws on decision of shareholders is mainly that breaking the law and company constitution in the process and content of decisions of shareholders

    本文主要針對股東大會決議瑕疵救濟中的訴訟類別和訴訟事由的立法例進行了比較，並分析總結出了三種訴訟類別劃分形態和各訴訟類別即無效之訴、撤銷之訴、確認決議不存在之訴和不當決議取消、變更之訴的訴訟事由，且進一步指出了股東大會決議瑕疵救濟訴訟的訴訟事由主要為決議過程或決議內容違反章程或違反法律。在比較分析各國和地區立法例從而對該項制度有了一個粗淺的認識后，本文開始探尋該項制度的建立原則和理論依據。股東大會決議的安定性和對程序的尊重是建立股東大會決議瑕疵救濟制度必須遵循的兩大原則。
  8. You all know very well about this extreme bullishness in the so - called new economy stocks these days. two interesting articles in the march 20 issue of the fortune magazine call attention to the serious ethical pitfalls bedeviling the new high - tech companies in the us selling their hot stocks. example

    相信大家都知道，近日不少所謂「新經濟」股票受到熱烈追捧，三月二十日出版的一期《財富雜志》刊載了兩篇頗值一看的文章，文中指出美國一些新成立而股份大受市場追捧的高科技公司，涉及嚴重違反道德操守的行為。
  9. You all know very well about this extreme bullishness in the so - called " new economy " stocks these days. two interesting articles in the march 20 issue of the fortune magazine call attention to the serious ethical pitfalls bedeviling the new high - tech companies in the us selling their hot stocks

    相信大家都知道，近日不少所謂"新經濟"股票受到熱烈追捧，三月二十日出版的一期《財富雜志》刊載了兩篇頗值一看的文章，文中指出美國一些新成立而股份大受市場追捧的高科技公司，涉及嚴重違反道德操守的行為。
  10. In the case analysis part, this paper analyzed the wrong behaviors of zhong tian qin office in the standard of audit standard, the author found that the zhong tian qin office disobeyed the requirements of audit standard to account receivable inquiring program, analysis checking program, etc. thirdly, this paper disclosed the reasons of low audit quality all - sided from three aspects, one is the audit requirements of listed company, the other is the audit supplying of the cpa circle, another is the imperfectness of the cpa audit quality supervision

    其次，本文通過對我國審計監管部門近年所查處和披露的cpa審計質量問題進行了分析，揭示了我國cpa審計質量的現狀，並以獨立審計準則為準繩，分析了「中天勤」事務所在「銀廣夏」審計項目中的違規行為，研究發現中天勤違反了獨立審計準則對應收賬款函證程序、審計工作底稿復核程序、分析性復核程序等的要求。接著，本文通過cpa審計服務市場中上市公司高質量的審計需求不足、 cpa行業高質量的供給失效及cpa審計質量監管體系的不完善三方面探討了我國cpa審計質量低下的原因。
  11. Additionally, you agree to immediately notify ups of any unauthorized use of your pin or any other breach of security, and to ensure that you exit from your account at the end of each session

    另外，閣下同意就對閣下pin的非法使用或其它違反安全的行為立即通知ups ，並保證會在每個階段結束時從閣下賬戶中退出。
  12. The author, basing on the basic theories of principle of utmost good faith, researches some important theoretic questions of constructions, application and legal consequences in breach of the insurer " s duty of utmost good faith ; inquires into several representative types of the insurer " s duty of utmost good faith, including duty of the insurer " s disclose, duty of the insurer " s explanation, especially exclusive clause, duty of information, the insurer " s duty when the assured delays to pay premium and the insurer " s duty in compensation ; oppugns the relative provisions in insurance legislation

    為此，作者以最大誠信原則基本理論為基礎，對保險人的最大誠信義務內容、適用、違反的法律後果等一系列重要理論問題進行了研究；對幾種典型的保險人最大誠信義務，包括保險人告知義務、保險人對格式合同尤其免責條款的說明義務、通知義務、投保人遲延繳納保險費時保險人的最大誠信義務及保險人在理賠過程中的最大誠信義務進行了探討；並對我國保險立法中上述相關規定提出了質疑。
  13. And this type of liability should character in the course of entering a contract, one party breaching the obligation with subjective fault, making the other party losses and the function of compensation. on the issues of liability basis, by criticizing tort doctrine, legal behavior doctrine, and regulatory doctrine, points out that the theoretical basis of the liability id good faith. the material foundation is subject to the liability basis, and the liability not only in the circumstances of contract coming into existence, be announced invalid and be cancelled, but possibly exists on occasion that contract is valid

    首先，文章指出締約過失責任的概念應包涵產生時間、主觀狀態、先合同義務的違反及損害的產生四個關鍵因素，具有產生於締約過程中、一方因主觀過錯違反先合同義務、給對方造成損害以及彌補功能等特徵；在責任基礎的問題上，通過對侵權行為說、法律行為說、法律規定說等反對觀點的批駁，指出締約過失責任的理論基礎是誠實信用原則，其賴以產生的事實基礎除了致合同不成立之締約過失、合同被確認無效或被撤銷之締約過失外，提出了合同有效情況下締約過失存在的可能性。
  14. Taking charge of stock certificate is " regulation ", and " supervision " is used in the charging of bank in english, the two difference phrase reflecting : the main contents of " supervision " is a basis has already had the direct object of the system investigation behavior of match a rules / method, stop with punishment towards violating the rules / the behavior of the method, in order to prevent the extension of the bane, but " regulation " also include in addition institutional of establish and perfect this content

    證券監管不同於銀行監管。銀行監管的「 supervision 」與證券監管的「 regulation 」在英語中的不同用詞就反映了二者在這方面的差異: 「 supervision 」的主要內容是依據已有制度考察監督對象行為的合規/法性，對違規/法的行為予以制止和處罰，以防止危害性的擴大，而「 regulation 」除此之外，還包括制度的設立及完善這一內涵。
  15. I if the customer is a corporate entity is duly incorporated with limited liability and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its incorporation ; that the memorandum and articles of association certificate of incorporation and by - laws of the customer contain provisions which authorize the customer to execute, deliver and perform these terms and that all necessary corporate or other action has been taken to authorize such execution, delivery and performance

    此等條件將不會違反管制客戶之任何法律法案命令裁決或其他要求所載之任何規定，亦不會違反客戶為立約之一方之任何按揭信託契約協議或其他文據中所載之任何規定或構成其他違約及i倘若客戶是法人團體，它是根據其注冊成立司法管轄權區中之法律，正式注冊成立為有限責任公司並有效存在客戶之組織章程大綱及細則公司注冊證明書及附則所載授權客戶簽訂交付及履行此等條款之規定及所有必需之法人或其他行動已予以執行，以授權上述簽訂交付及履行。
  16. In accordance with the legislature and theories in different countries, fiduciary benefit exists in the course of entering a contract, which is composed by damage and losses. the scope of fiduciary benefit should be limited in performing benefit on occasion of breaching fiduciary duty, while it should not be limited in performing benefit on occasion of breaching protective duty. this thesis brings forward a proposal on how to calculating losses

    通過對各國立法和學說的考察可以看出，信賴利益在締約過程中是存在的，它由所受損害和所失利益兩部分構成，信賴利益的范圍在違反信賴義務的情況下應以履行利益為限，在違反保護義務的情況下則不以履行利益為限；本文還對如何計算所失利益提出了方案。
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