party in bankruptcy 中文意思是什麼

party in bankruptcy 解釋
破產當事人
  • party : n 1 黨，黨派；政黨；結黨，黨派活動。2 【軍事】特遣隊，分遣隊，部隊。3 （交際性質的）聚會，集會，...
  • in : adv 1 朝里，向內，在內。 A coat with a furry side in有皮裡子的外衣。 Come in please 請進來。 The ...
  • bankruptcy : n. 1. 破產，倒閉，倒賬，無償付能力。2. （勇氣，智力等的）完全喪失 （of; in）. go into bankruptcy破產。
  1. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  2. In the event of adjudication of bankruptcy, things are different. as to other than long - term and continual contracts, law does n ' t give the right of discharging the contract to the observant party, but to the receiver of the defaulting party - trustee

    在發生破產宣告場合，情形則有所不同。對於一般非長期性、繼續性合同而言，法律並未將合同解除權賦予守約方，恰恰相反，而是賦予了違約方的接管人? ?破產管理人。
  3. Party a is close to bankruptcy and enters into legal rectification period or it is in a severe difficulty to meet the standard of severe difficult enterprise stipulated by the local government and the retrenchment is needed, and then party a cancels the contract according to legal procedure

    甲方瀕臨破產，進入法定整頓期間或者生產經營狀況發生嚴重困難，達到當地人民政府規定的嚴重困難企業標準，確須裁減人員，並按法定程序解除勞動合同的。
  4. In the third part, the writer studies the external duty of the bankruptcy trustee, that is, ( i ) how to bear the civil liability to the third party ; ( ii ) how to share the liability while the bankruptcy trustees are more than one ; ( iii ) how to near the liability while the bankruptcy trustee has been altered

    第三部分，關于破產管理人的外部責任。外部責任是破產管理人在管理破產事務過程中因其管理行為造成第三人的損害而向第三人承擔的民事損害賠償責任。筆者在此論述了以下幾個問題，第一，破產管理人向第三人承擔民事責任的情形及免責事由。
  5. The thesis analyzed the history necessity of reconstruction system through compared with bankruptcy compromision and bankruptcy reorgnization and further analyzed its concept and characteristics. reconstuction system is defined to : reconstruction system is an lawful system that protects continual operation and relizes enterprise adjustment in order to help enterprises go out of finance dilemma and walk up to revival when the enterprises fall into finance dilemma or the enterprises has bankruptcy reasons but has reconstruction hope and the party applies bankruptcy on the base of agrrement between them. reconstruction system has its own characteristics such as goal socialization and measure deversification

    它的實施，對于彌補破產和解、破產整頓制度的不足，防範大公司破產帶來的社會問題，具有不可替代的作用。本文試圖對于重整制度的產生、概念與特徵、價值取向等一般理論問題，以及重整制度中的營業授權、有擔保債權人利益的保護、關系人會議等特殊問題進行研究探討，在此基礎上，對我國目前正在修訂討論中的破產法草案關于重整制度的若干規定予以分析評判。
  6. 8 where any party to this agreement comprises 2 or more persons all agreements covenants guarantees stipulations and undertakings expressed to be made by and on the part of such persons shall be and are binding on such persons jointly and severally and the bankruptcy or insolvency of any one or more of such persons shall in no way operate to release the other or others of his respective obligations and liabilities hereunder

    除非有另外要求，涉及到的任何條款，或條款中的附錄，或協議中的附錄，保存相反的說明，此協議提及或其他協議文件將作為此協議的參考，根據具體情況而定，這些其他的協議或文檔有時可以同樣賠償、改變、替代或補充。
  7. Party - doctrine and also power - authority method can be used in the startup of the bankruptcy procedure

    在程序的啟動方式上，可採取當事人主義兼職權主義的方式。
  8. Either party initiates or consents to proceedings relating to itself under any applicable bankruptcy, reorganization or insolvency law or makes any agreement for the deferral, rescheduling or other readjustment of all of ( or all of a particular type of ) its f debts ( or of any party which it will or might otherwise be unable to pay whom due ), proposes or makes a general assignment or and arrangement or composition with or for the benefit of the relevant creditors in respect of any such debts or a moratorium is agreed or declared in respect of or affection all or any party of ( or of a particular type of ) its debts

    任一方在可適用的破產法或重組法下，起動或同意與自己相關的程序;或就對于其所有（或一特定類型中所有）的債務（或任何以其他方式無法償還其到期債務的一方的債務）進行延期、重新安排或其他重新調整達成協議;或與相關債權人（或為了其利益）建議或做出全部轉讓或任何協調和和解;或同意/宣布有關或影響其債務的任何部份（或任一特定類型債務）的延期償付。
  9. The bankruptcy law in china stipulates the bankruptcy recall right system, but there are still some problems of this system, including the singular right type, the oversimplified regulation and the poor feasibility, etc. thus, it is necessary to establish the more specific and regulatory bankruptcy recall right system in order to make the bankruptcy recall right implemented efficiently in the bankruptcy procedure, to safeguard lawful rights and interests of the relevant party and to achieve the fairness of the bankruptcy

    我國目前的破產立法中也規定了破產取回權制度，但是尚存在破產取回權種類單一，規定的條例過于簡單，實踐中可操作性較差的弊病。因此，我國需要建立對破產取回權詳細規制的法律制度，使破產取回權在破產程序中能夠得到切實有效的行使，以保護取回權人的合法權益，確保破產的公正性。
  10. The startup system addresses the problems related to the object of the bankruptcy system. there are seven entities that may apply for a bankruptcy : creditors, debtors, the non - bankruptcy clear team ( representative institution ), some of the third parties, each party of the collective enterprises, each party in the corporation, and the owner of private enterprises

    啟動制度解決的是破產程序的入口程序有關問題，關于入口的主體，文中提出了以下七種人均有破產申請權：債權人、債務人、非破產清算組、一定范圍內的第三人、普通合夥的每一個合伙人、有限合夥組織中的普通合伙人、個體工商戶的業主。
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