概算估算 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [gàisuàngūsuàn]
概算估算 英文
target of budgetary estimate
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 算 : Ⅰ動詞1 （計算數目） calculate; reckon; compute; figure 2 （計算進去） include; count 3 （謀劃;計...
  • 估 : 估構詞成分。
  • 概算 : financial estimates; budgetary estimate; approximate amount; rough calculation; general estimate...
  • 估算 : estimate; reckon （up）
  1. In 2003, mark stoneking, a geneticist at the max planck institute in leipzig, germany, estimated from dna differences that the body louse evolved from the head louse about 107, 000 years ago

    2003年，普朗克學院的基因學家斯通金估算體虱大概在十萬七千年前于頭虱分叉。
  2. The concept is useful in assessing the large sample properties of econometric estimators.

    在評價經濟計量估算值的大規模抽樣特徵時，這是一個有用的概念。
  3. The synchronization of frequency hopping method referenced the jtrs radio system of usa military, and designed a synchronization method used in our radio include creating the frequency hopping map and the base band frame architecture in frequency hopping mode. the paper also analyzed the synchronization capability on theory. it has been proved correct on theory by showing the false probability, capture probability and the synchronization time

    對跳頻圖案的產生和跳頻的幀結構，本文不僅從理論上分析了同步性能，給出了虛警概率和檢測概率，估算了同步的捕獲時間，證明均能滿足系統指標要求，而且通過與合作單位進行的整機聯調和實測證實了該方案的可行性。
  4. Creep analysis methods of high - rise buildings and large span buildings can only refer to creep coefficient method in bridge engineering or the method of degree of creep in hydraulic construction engineering under the present experiment conditions. in this paper, the incremental expressions of concrete creep and shrinkage strain when the initial computational age is not the same as the loading age are derived and corrected from the concept of concrete creep coefficient and the mean value theorem of integral and the principle of superposition. the differences of efficiency and accuracy of creep analysis between the finite element method with creep coefficient and the initial stress method with degree of creep are presented. this paper suggests that engineers should use the initial stress method with degree of creep to estimate the influences of creep on high - rise buildings and large span buildings on the basis of conceptual design

    基於現有的試驗資料，高層及大跨度民用建築的徐變分析只能參照橋梁結構中的徐變系數方法或水工結構中的徐變度方法進行.從徐變系數的定義出發，利用積分中值定理和疊加原理，推導並修正了加載齡期與起算齡期不同時徐變收縮應變增量的表達式，對比了應用徐變系數分析徐變的有限元法和應用徐變度分析徐變的初應變法在效率和精度上的差別，並建議應從概念設計的角度出發，採用徐變度的初應變法來估算徐變對高層及大跨度民用建築的影響
  5. Abstract : creep analysis methods of high - rise buildings and large span buildings can only refer to creep coefficient method in bridge engineering or the method of degree of creep in hydraulic construction engineering under the present experiment conditions. in this paper, the incremental expressions of concrete creep and shrinkage strain when the initial computational age is not the same as the loading age are derived and corrected from the concept of concrete creep coefficient and the mean value theorem of integral and the principle of superposition. the differences of efficiency and accuracy of creep analysis between the finite element method with creep coefficient and the initial stress method with degree of creep are presented. this paper suggests that engineers should use the initial stress method with degree of creep to estimate the influences of creep on high - rise buildings and large span buildings on the basis of conceptual design

    文摘:基於現有的試驗資料，高層及大跨度民用建築的徐變分析只能參照橋梁結構中的徐變系數方法或水工結構中的徐變度方法進行.從徐變系數的定義出發，利用積分中值定理和疊加原理，推導並修正了加載齡期與起算齡期不同時徐變收縮應變增量的表達式，對比了應用徐變系數分析徐變的有限元法和應用徐變度分析徐變的初應變法在效率和精度上的差別，並建議應從概念設計的角度出發，採用徐變度的初應變法來估算徐變對高層及大跨度民用建築的影響
  6. This thesis present the systematic studies on firing accuracy and firing accuracy tactical & technical requirement reasoning for gunnery system. the main contents of the paper are as follows. ( 1 ) definitions and probability distribution expressions for error of fire, error of firing data and error of dispersion are given summarily. methods to compose error of initial firing data and error of dispersion are discussed

    本文對遠程炮武器系統射擊精度及射擊精度戰術技術指標論證等方面問題進行了深入、系統的分析研究，本文研究工作的主要內容有： （ 1 ）概要地討論了射擊誤差、諸元誤差、散布誤差的定義及其概率分佈，諸元誤差、散布誤差及射擊誤差的合成，分析了射擊精度的各種表示法，闡述了火炮武器系統準確度、密集度和首發命中概率的估算方法。
  7. A method for estimating the intensity of underwater laser backscattering based on the concept of equal phase volume

    基於等相位體概念的水下激光背向散射強度的估算方法
  8. To model wind speed probability distribution of wind farm accurately, the random properties of natural wind should be fully recognized and then the calculation of wind energy potential can be obtained at the given sites

    在風資源認識方面充分了解風況的隨機性，合理擬合風電場風速概率分佈函數，準確估算出風場風能潛力。
  9. Making water works preliminary budget, its framework and norm. 2 ) making and auditing regulations for tendering of water works. 3 ) auditing water works budget

    水利基本建設工程概算編制規定及定額修編； 2 ） 、水利工程估算、概算、預算、標底的編制及審核； 3 ） 、水利工程審計。
  10. Its main measures are : correct defining design - limited, ensuring accuracy of investment - appraised ; finishing works of optimally selected a tentative program - not exceeding investment - appraised ; by means of approved tentative program controlling design of constuction drawing ; concerning with investment of construction drawing not exceeding budget of tentative program ; managing changed - design, establishing assignment system of investment, reforming system of management of earning - way

    其主要措施有：正確確定設計限額，保證投資估算的準確性；加強設計管理，重視方案選擇，做好初步設計方案的優化和比選工作；嚴格按批準的初步設計控制施工圖設計，保證施工圖預算不突破批準的初步概算；加強設計變更的管理工作，控制不合理的設計變更；實行設計經濟責任制，建立投資分配考核制，改進設計收費方法。
  11. From the study results it is showed that turret hole position near the forward of the midship has less effect to the ship girder strength and it is more reasonable using probabilty statistics method to estimate the extreme value of wave bending moment, by which the first approximate value of hull midship section modulus can be determined

    研究結果表明：轉塔開孔位置在舯前附近對船體總強度影響不大；波浪彎矩極值用概率統計方法估算更為合理；船體結構剖面模數的第一近似值可用波浪彎矩設計極值等來確定。
  12. In past ten few, the target bid price reviewed has amounted to 3. 5 billion rmb, total engineering cost estimation value has amounted to 4. 8 billion rmb with saved fund of about 0. 7 billion rmb

    近十年來已完成編制審核工程標底35億元、審核概預估算工程金額累計48億元，節約資金7億元左右。
  13. The major advisory services completed in recent 3 years are as follows ( 1 ) " study on comprehensive benefits of the three gorge project " ( main participator ), which was the key project ofthe seventh five - year plan of the state and won the first - grade prize for outstanding achievemetn in scence and technolog awarded by the state science and technology committee ; ( 2 ) " cause analysis and countermeasure study about investment over - estimation of water project ; ( 3 ) " research on modermization of water conservancy " ( 4 ) " investigation of water price system of yellow river basin / ; ( 2 ) - ( 4 ) are the key projects of the ministr of water resources p. r. c. person in charge ( 5 ) " assets evaluation and compensation investment calculation for 41 inundated enterprises in the theree gorge reservoir area " ( 6 ) ' proitive analysis of regional economic developetn and port construction of jiansu province " ; ( 7 ) " surpervision for resettlement adn rehabilitation of dahe reservoir in guangdong province " ( person in charge ) and so on

    近三年業主要從事的重大咨詢業務有： 1 .作為主要參加者承擔完成國家『七五』重點攻關項目「三峽工程綜合效益研究」 ，獲國家科委科技進步獎一等獎；主持完成水利部重點項目： 2 . 「水利水電工程投資超概算成因分析及對策研究」 、 3 . 「現代化水利研究」和4 . 「黃河流域水價制度研究」 ；作為技術及外業負責人先後完成了： 5 . 「三峽庫區受淹企業資產評估及補償投資計算」 、 6 . 「江蘇省區域經濟發展與港口開發的實證分析」與7 . 「廣東省大河水庫移民遷移安置監理」等咨詢業務。
  14. An efficient implementation of this framework is presented, for segmenting two motions ( foreground and background ) using two frames. the expectation - maximization algorithm is used to determine the two motions and calculate the label probability for each edge. the best motion labeling for these regions is determined using simulated annealing

    針對前景和背景兩種運動分割的情況，本文給出了一種基於貝葉斯分割框架的有效實現，它使用最大期望（ em ）演算法來估算邊緣的標定概率，並通過模擬退火演算法來完成這些分割區域的最佳運動標定。
  15. This thesis first describes the general research development of bp network, kde, genetic algorithm, arx model and their specific application in dms such as architecture, algorithm - flow etc. then the paper introduces the distributed object technique with the focus on the description of corba and the specific developing tools visibroker. finally, a multi - client distributed monitoring system based on corba is developed with multi - technologies referred before

    本文首先系統地介紹了bp神經網路、核函數概率估計（ kde ） 、遺傳演算法（ ga ）和帶外生變量的自回歸模型（ arx ）發展和研究概況以及上述建模演算法在分散式監測系統中的應用，並給出了運用石油流化催化裂化模擬設備的數據測試結果。
  16. There are mainly two type of algorithms used for spatial spectrum estimation : one is those based on bayesian maximum likelihood method, like the ml ( maximum likelihood ) algorithm, maximum entropy method and etc., the others are based on the spatial decomposition or projection of correlation matrix, this kind of algorithm include vector characterization method, music ( multiple signal classification ) algorithm, projection matrix method, etc. music is a classical spatial spectrum estimation algorithm that has a super high resolution and is widely used today, however, it cannot estimate doa of signals that are correlated

    空間譜估計的演算法大致分兩大類:一是基於極大似然估計和最大后驗概率估計統計理論的演算法，包括:極大似然估計法（ ml ） 、最大熵法等;另一類是基於對協方差矩陣進行子空間分解或投影的演算法，包括:矢量特徵法、多重信號分類法（ music ） 、投影矩陣法等。其中， music法是一種經典的空間譜估計主流演算法，具有超強的分辨性能，但它無法實現對相干信號進行測向分辨。
  17. This thesis includes the following research contents. first part is about the development of database information system of radar stealth measures about modern advanced aircraft

    本文分兩部分，即飛機雷達隱身措施數據庫信息系統的開發和飛機紅外輻射特性計算研究以及紅外導引頭探測概率估算。
  18. It uses factor analysis method and dualistic relative comparative method to account the ability place of a loan enterprise in its industry, which can confirm the station in its industry better. by using time series model to forecast an enterprise ' s cash flow in the future, we can measure the repayment ability of an enterprise. by using logit model to account the probability of default for a loan enterprise, we can estimate the possibility of its default

    運用因子分析法和二元相對比較法計算貸款企業在本行業中的財務能力排名，更好地確定其在本行業中的地位；運用時間序列模型預測企業未來的現金流量，從而測度貸款企業未來的還款能力；運用logit模型計算貸款企業的違約概率，估計其違約的可能性；從貸款企業的行業風險、經營風險、管理風險、借款人還款意願等方面對貸款企業的非財務因素進行分析。
  19. In this paper, we aim at the research to the decoding algorithm of turbo product codes, according to the principles of the log - likelihood ratio and the maximum a posteriori criterion, bunt the log - likelihood ratio approximating expression, form the correct strategy of iterative soft decoding, and present the optimal algorithm through software

    幾乎所有tpc的應用研究都集中於採用矩陣交織，軟進/軟出（ siso ） 、重復譯碼的方式上。本文主要是針對tpc譯碼演算法進行研究，依據對數似然概率（ llr ）和最大后驗準則的原理，推導出對數似然概率估算的近似公式，形成tpc重復軟譯碼糾錯演算法，並通過軟體實現。
  20. Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products. methods for the assessment of surface cleanliness. guide to the estimation of the probability of condensation on a surface to be painted

    塗料和有關產品應用前鋼基片的制備.表面清潔度評定方法.第b4部分:待塗表面冷凝概率估算指南
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