神權民主 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [shénquánmínzhǔ]
神權民主 英文
theocracy
  • 神 : Ⅰ名詞1 （神靈） god; deity; divinity 2 （精神; 精力） spirit; mind 3 （神氣; 神情） expression; l...
  • 權 : Ⅰ名詞1 [書面語] （秤錘） counterpoise; weight （of a steelyard）2 （權力） power; authority 3 （...
  • 民 : Ⅰ名詞1 （人民） the people 2 （某族的人） a member of a nationality 3 （從事某種職業的人） a pers...
  • 神權 : religious authoritytheocracy rule by divine right
  • 民主 : democracydemocratic rights
  1. Formation institutions of the diocese should design special training courses or activities for officers of parish pastoral council. through lively activities, games, role plays etc., with special focus on team building, inter - personal communication, such courses should enable participants to build up relationships of cooperation, enhance problem solving ability, foster team spirit, and increment techniques of empowerment and negotiation etc. they will be helpful for the planning of the future pastoral direction and concrete manageable projects of the entire parish, as well as guiding the council members to live according to their christian mission and communitarian spirit. parish priests should participate in such courses

    教區有關機構應特別為堂區牧民議會堂區議會幹事設計信仰培育的課程或活動，透過多元化的活動游戲個案扮演等，特別針對團隊建設，人際溝通，幫助參加者建立彼此的合作關系，共同解決問題建立團隊精神，學習充權empowerment和協商negotiation的技巧等，制定整個堂區未來的牧民方向和具體可行的計劃，並指導議會幹事如何在堂區會議及工作中，活出基督徒的使命感和團體感，主任司鐸應一起參與這些課程，這樣實在有助於彼此的合作和共融，特別是有助於教友和神職人員之間的合作共融愛和寬恕。
  2. It includes : the dauntless revolutionary spirit with perseverance ; the challenging spirit of opposing doctrinism ; the self - reliance spirit with self - confidence, self - improvement and self - supporting ; the people - oriented spirit of serving the people heart and soul ; and the spirit of collectivism and socialism

    它具體包括以下的內容：一，堅韌不拔、不屈不撓的大無畏的斗爭精神；二，不唯書、不唯外、不唯權威的反教條主義精神；三，自信、自強、自立的自力更生的精神；四，全心全意為人民服務、以人民為「本位」 、以人民為「主體」的精神；五，集體主義、社會主義精神。
  3. Authority of illicit of property ownership system is divine it is the sufficient protection that shows the civil rights of civil main body gets law, do not suffer anybody and the encroachment of any influence, not comply unlimited or proper legal order is privative

    財產所有權制度私權神聖是指民事主體的民事權利受法律的充分保護，不受任何人以及任何權力的侵犯，不依正當的法律程序不受限制或剝奪。
  4. As to the main points that constitute the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damage, four aspects are included : first, aggression upon one ' s spirit is the presupposition of the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; second, a certain case of spiritual damages is the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; third, the infringer ' s the subjective fault ( intentional or negligent ) is the subjective condition of the infringer ' s taking the responsibility of compensation for spiritual damages ; last, the relationship between the infringer " s action and the case " s consequence should be that between cause and effect, which is the causality condition

    就精神損害賠償責任的構成要件來說，它包括四個方面的內容：第一，精神損害侵權行為是行為人承擔精神損害賠償責任的前提；第二，一定的精神損害事實和後果是承擔精神損害民事責任的客觀要件；第三，侵害人主觀上有過錯（故意和過失）是承擔精神損害賠償責任的主觀條件；第四，精神損害行為和損害後果之間有因果關系是承擔精神損害賠償責任的必要條件。對于精神損害賠償的范圍，世界各國的立法規定大不一樣。
  5. In order to maintain sustainable development for the non - governmental colleges, the author puts forward that eight relationships must be well dealt with : profit for investment and non - profit education, enterprises " economic benefits and outstanding personnel from colleges and universities, self - determination for policy - making and restrictions for the power, working efficiency and codes of condu ct, temporary working periods for teachers and continuum of educational implementation, specialty setting on the market basis and characteristics for running colleges, advanced ideas of the reform and rationality for the implementation of the reform

    文章最為大量的篇幅在於闡述民辦高校要想走上可持續發展的道路，必須處理好的幾個關系，即投資的營利性與教育的公益性、企業的經濟效益與高校人才精神、決策的自主性與權力的受制約性、辦事的效率與行事的規范、教師工作任期的臨時性與教育實施的連續性、專業建設的市場化與辦學特色化、改革構想的先進性與改革實施的合理性等八方面的關系。
  6. Since genealogy of law in both china ' s mainland and the anglo - american countries has recognized the spiritual infringement compensation claim, there should be a clear definition in china ' s future civil code

    鑒于大陸法系和英美法系各主要國家的立法和判例都已經承認了旅遊合同中的精神損害賠償請求權，因此在我國未來的民法典中也應當對此加以明確規定。
  7. National issue relates to national sovereign rights, territorial complete, political steady, frontier consolidation, economic development and other aspects, it shows prostrated nature, complexity, and importance etc. the article is composed of three parts : the first part starts with analyzing the complexity of national issue, and it discusses manifestation of complexity about the national issue in west of our country : national issue is interweaved with religious issue together, and historical issue is interweaved with realistic issue together, and international issue is interweaved with national issue together, and material issue is interweaved with spiritual issue together, and advanced traditional culture is interweaved with disadvanced producing and living form together, and legal national religious activity is interweaved with illegal national religious activity together, and political issue is interweaved with societal issue together, and the contradiction between the enemy and ourselves is interweaved with the contradiction inside the people

    民族問題涉及到國家主權、領土完整、政治穩定、邊疆鞏固、經濟發展等方面，表現出長期性、復雜性、重要性等特點。本文分三個部分：第一部分從分析民族問題復雜性入手，論述了我國西部地區民族問題復雜性特點的表現形式：民族問題與宗教問題交織在一起，歷史問題與現實問題交織在一起，國際問題與國內問題交織在一起，物質貧困與精神貧困交織在一起，優秀的傳統文化與落後的生產生活方式交織在一起，合法的民族宗教活動和非法的民族宗教活動交織在一起，政治問題和社會問題交織在一起，敵我矛盾和人民內部矛盾交織在一起。
  8. Instead of basing the authority of rulers upon the sovereignty of god and requiring both rulers and subjects to submit to god ' s law as revealed in the bible, locke held that the authority of rulers derives from the consent of the governed

    他不主張政府的權力建立在神的主權的基礎上，也不要求治理者和被治理者服膺神在聖經里啟示的律法，而是主張政府的權力來自於人民的同意。
  9. Their functions include looking into public affairs and welfare in rural villages, mediating disputes among local residents, helping maintain public order, supporting and organizing villagers in improving production, providing service and coordination for production, managing land and other properties collectively owned by villagers in accordance with law, protecting the legal property rights and other rights and interests of collective economic organizations, villagers, contractors and associates, organizing various activities to promote socialist cultural and ethical progress, assisting town ( township ) people ' s governments in their work, and voicing opinions and demands on behalf of the villagers and putting forward proposals

    它負責辦理本村的公共事務和公益事業，調解民間糾紛，協助維護社會治安；支持和組織村民發展生產，承擔本村生產的服務和協調工作；依法管理本村屬于農民集體所有的土地和其他財產，維護集體經濟組織和村民、承包經營戶和聯戶的合法的財產權和其他合法的權益；開展多種形式的社會主義精神文明建設活動；協助鄉（鎮）人民政府開展工作，向人民政府反映村民的意見、要求，並提出建議。
  10. But to safeguard the mental interests of citizens and legal persons, personality right could only passively provide pecuniary remedies to property damage when personality is infringed, so personality right could not be separated with its ’ subject, it couldn ’ t be transferred to other persons or be abandoned, also it can ’ t provide the protection of the person ’ s similar image

    但人格權設立的目的在於保護公民或法人的人格精神利益，主要是從消極的角度對因人格受損而帶來的財產損失予以救濟，因此人格權不能拋棄、轉讓和繼承，也不能延及對權利人相似形象的保護。
  11. The transformation mainly expresses in the following three aspects : the collapse of the theocratic values, changes in thoughts and values, and laying the foundation for the confucianist humanism

    春秋時期倫理政治價值觀的轉向主要表現在殷周神權政治價值觀的崩解、重人事輕神事，思想變遷與價值轉向及民本論，奠定儒家民本主義思想基石三個方面。
  12. In other words, in silko ' s almanac of the dead, tribal history is evoked to challenge the dominant hegemonic discourse and ideology, whereas cosmopolitan spirit ( s ) is recognized as that which has already been inscribed into the mind of native people since time immemorial

    其《死者歷書》中，一方面喚起部族歷史以挑戰霸權式論述與意識型態，他方面則不忘直指原住民祖靈重視的宇宙世界主義精神，與當代所宣揚的善待異己的世界主義觀念若合符節。
  13. This article is mainly a discussion on the spiritual damage compensation for close relatives of victim under the situations of damage to right of life, damage to the right of health and damage to the right of personality of the dead, which is based on an introduction and comparison of the concerned foreign legal regulations and academic theories and in combination with the legal practice in china wherefore the author put forwards his own ideas as following : first, under the condition that there is a distance of time between inj ury and death, the close relatives of the dead shall inherit the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation of the dead for the suffering before his death, in addition to their own intrinsic right of claim for spiritual damage compensation ; the second, under the condition that the inflictor has caused the disablement of the sufferer or serious damage to his health, the close relative in a limited cycle of the sufferer should be granted with the right of claim for spiritual damage compensation, which is confirmed in law and becomes a practice in foreign countries ; the third, since the aim of the law to protect the personality of the dead from infringement is to protect the benefits of the close relatives of the dead and to maintain public benefits, is constituted on the personality of the dead the close relative of the dead may initial legal proceeding for spiritual damage compensation

    本文重點探討的就是公民生命權受到侵害、健康權受到侵害、 「死者人格」受到侵害這三種情形下的受害人近親屬的精神損害賠償請求權問題。探討以介紹和比較國外相關法律規定和學術理論為前提，結合我國的實際情況，從理論與實踐相結合的角度對以上各問題分別進行了分析，並提出了作者自己的一些見解：第一、在公民從受傷害到死亡有一段時間距離的情形下，死者的近親屬除依法享有其固有的精神損害賠償請求權以外，還可以繼承死者生前就其所受之精神損害而享有的精神損害賠償請求權；第二、在加害人的行為已造成直接受害人殘疾，或者是造成其健康嚴重受損的其他後果的情形下，我國應在借鑒國外已有立法和判例的基礎上，賦予一定范圍內的受害人近親屬以精神損害賠償請求權；第三、法律保護死者人格不受侵害的目的是為了保護死者近親屬的利益和維護公共利益，一般情形下，只要死者近親屬能證明其訴訟主體的合法性，能夠證實侵害「死者人格」的行為已構成侵權，即可推定死者近親屬因此而遭受了精神痛苦? ?無須舉證的「名義上的精神損害」 ，死者近親屬即可提起精神損害賠償之訴。最後，本文認為，加強對受害人近親屬的權利和利益保護問題的研究，既有一定的必要性，同時又具有十分重要的現實意義。
  14. I, through comparing the research approach to analyze with the case, from culture, legal culture, legal changes and lead legal culture into meaning in which the economic law study set out of culture, on the basis that the theory is analyzed, particular background and reality formed and developed on the basis of the economic law, study and regard power culture and right culture as the economic law culture of two major key elements among them from the standing of angle of legal culture. from the meaning of the culture of economic law at the same time, necessity and feasibility of studying in culture of economic law, economic law characteristic modernity and national characteristic of culture, economic law culture with modern to rule by law civilized angle set about, carry on economic law analysis of culture ; secondly, certain difference exists in formulation and development of chinese and western economic law culture, the development of the culture of western economic law is shown as the cultural transition to power culture of the right rotates. with germany and historical retrospect and review, carry on real example investigate and combine western law sociology ideological trend research and western economic law culture of development, economic law of u. s. a., i inner link, the essence around the culture of eastern economic law is the power culture at the same time, its form of expression is confucian culture, the course of development is shown as the transformation to right culture of power culture, and golden mean culture is the inside information of china ' s economic law culture

    筆者從文化、法律文化、法律文化的沖突與變遷以及經濟法制度的法律文化土壤的思路進行研究，在理論分析的基礎上，基於經濟法形成與發展的特定背景與現實，闡釋經濟法以社會本位為價值取向、以權利與權力均衡為主旨、以平衡協調為內核、以人為終極關懷的內涵;經濟法文化的路徑考察由經濟法文化演進與國家角色的變遷、經濟法嬗變中的平衡協調精神、經濟法文化孕育中的社會本位思潮、經濟法文化熏陶下的經濟法制度催生四個層面展開;經濟法文化的特性表現為現代性和民族性，經濟法文化與現代法治文明的關聯涵蓋兩個方面，挖掘發揚傳統法文化中的合理因素、警惕傳統法文化中不合理因素的侵蝕;由於中西經濟法文化的產生與發展存在一定的差異，西方經濟法文化的發展表現為權利文化向權力文化的過渡轉型，筆者以德國和美國經濟法發展的歷史性回顧與反思進行實證考察並結合西方的法社會學思潮研究與西方經濟法文化的內在聯系，同時圍繞東方經濟法文化進行探析，其表現形式是儒家文化，發展的過程表現為權力文化向權利文化的轉移，其中中庸文化是中國經濟法文化的底蘊。
  15. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  16. This very busy temple is devoted to kuan kung, a famous deified general who lived ( a. d. 162 - 219 ) during the three kingdoms period. a man who valued loyalty and righteousness above all things, kuan kung is worshipped as the god of war ; since he was adept at managing finances, he is also worshipped as the patron saint of businessmen

    座落於民權東路與松江路口佔地二一四零坪，主祀關聖帝君，亦即「關公」 ，由於關聖帝君是武神，也是帝業保護神，因此廟里香火鼎盛，香客不絕。
  17. In the conflicts undergone among the cultures, the development of communication - media and pluralism, forceful culture and national nature, traditional culture and the spirit of modem times, and web - culture and traditional media exist, which lead to the question of rebuilding the cultural leadership

    在各種文化的沖突中，凸現了傳媒的發展與文化多元主義的沖突、強勢文化與民族性的沖突、傳統文化與當代精神的沖突、網路文化與傳統媒體的沖突，也引申了文化領導權的重建問題。
  18. Three mistakes people could make in the construction on credibility : 1 ) some may mistakenly argue that morality could be improved in line with economic growth, but economic logic do not work for morality ; 2 ) some may advocate to re - implement traditional moral standards, including the altruism, to regulate corporate and / or personal actions in market economy ; 3 ) some may think that china ' s socialist market economy is nothing different from market economy adopted by western countries except for the name. suggestions on the construction of credibility in socialist market economy : 1 ) establish a new culture that is helpful for the development of socialist market economy. 2 ) update moral standards, transferring from altruism to egoism on condition that the behavior does not hurt others " interest

    建議從以下途徑出發建設社會主義市場經濟下的誠信體系: 1 、文化轉型，從傳統的、保守的農業文明轉向體現理性精神、契約精神、人本精神的現代工業文明，建設有中國特色的市場經濟文化; 2 、道德重建，應從傳統的無私利他、利己主義轉向已他兩利主義，使道德走向現實; 3 、制度的創新與完善，抓緊立法，嚴格執法，加強政府監管，樹立法律權威和政府權威，同時要建立和完善中介機構的管理制度、行業管理制度和企業自身的誠信管理制度; 4 、培育公民的誠信意識，政府應帶頭誠實守信; 5 、要注意培養企業家品格，塑造傳統與現代相結合的儒商精神。
  19. After summing up the experience of world wide citizenship education, the paper analyses the changes in china ' s citizenship education, and finds that there are many sharp problems in it, such as the lack of the sense of right and that of agent, the lack of public spirit and social co - operation spirit ; so the author proposes the most important civil qualifications to be developed in our country : the spirit of law, environmental morality, and co - operation

    在借鑒和反思世界公民教育的經驗之後，本文通過分析我國小學公民教育的時代演變，發現我國小學公民教育問題較為突出，比如公民權利意識淡漠、主體意識消融、公共精神和社會合作精神缺乏等現象普遍存在，從而試圖提出適合我國國情的、當務之急需要提高的公民基本素質：法治精神、環境道德、合作共處。
  20. The traditional theory of civil law considers that the personality right which possesses specificity but can not be transferred and inherited is enjoyed only by the body of right. the legal protection of personality right only protects none - property benefits of personality. i. e. pure - psychological benefits

    傳統民法理論認為，人格權具有專屬性，只能為權利主體所享有，不能轉讓和繼承，對人格權的法律保護，也是只保護非財產性的人格利益即純精神范疇的利益。
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