科學技術概論 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [kēxuéjìshùgàilún]
科學技術概論 英文
introduction to science and technology
  • 科 : Ⅰ名詞1 （學術或業務的類別） a branch of academic or vocational study 2 （機關按工作性質而分設的單...
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 技 : 名詞（技能; 本領） skill; ability; trick; technique
  • 術 : 術名詞1. （技藝; 技術; 學術） art; skill; technique 2. （方法; 策略） method; tactics 3. （姓氏） a surname
  • 概 : Ⅰ名詞1 （大略） general outline 2 （神氣） manner of carrying and conducting oneself; deportment ...
  • 論 : 論名詞（記錄孔子及其門徒的言行的「論語」） the analects of confucius
  • 科學 : science; scientific knowledge
  • 概論 : （多用於書名: 概括的論述） outline; introduction; survey: 《化學概論》 an introduction to chemistry
  1. The excimer laser diopter correction and aberration correction have been proved efficiency and safety. based on cad / cam, applied optics, ophthalmology, biomedicine and computer techonlogy, this paper studied the principle of excimer laser aberration correction. the conception, cause of formation and representation of wavefront aberration are introduced

    準分子激光治療屈光不正及消除像差的有效性和安全性已被證實，本學位論文將cad 、眼科視光學、波前像差技術、生物醫學技術與計算機技術等多學科理論交叉結合，系統敘述了人眼波前像差理論，包括波前像差概念、表示方法、測量方法和產生的原因等。
  2. They are all motive force of development in modern science area, including education. the article summarizes the theories of systems science, though documental research, inves - tigation and analysis, research of action, synthetic study and so on, and discuss its guidable sense for instructional media design

    本文在概括性闡述系統科學研究的基本理論及其對教育教學的指導意義基礎之上，通過文獻研究、調查分析、行動研究、綜合研究等方法，按照文獻分析? ?提出問題? ?理論論述? ?得出結論的技術路線，綜合論述了系統科學中的控制論、信息論和系統論對教學媒體設計的指導意義。
  3. Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

    基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。
  4. A qos - support protocol, m - dcf, and its schedule model are proposed. by providing different contention window for different classes, the higher class frames the higher access probability. the simulation proves that m - dcf has better performance than dcf protocol on system throughput, discard ratio, frame discard ratio of higher classes, average access delay of different classes

    提出了為不同等級幀提供不同競爭窗口的改進型dcf ： m - dcf協議，並給出了m - dcf的調度模型，通過採用不同的競爭窗口，為不同n西安電子科技大學博士學位論文:無線局域網和ip服務質量關鍵技術的研究的應用提供了不同的接入概率，保證了qos ;模擬結果證明了m一dcf在系統吞吐率、丟包率、高等級業務丟包率、不同等級業務的平均接入時延等方面都優于dcf協議。
  5. Through the analysis of inherent characteristics of information technology, the function of it integration with course teaching, as well as the orientation of balanced educative reforms, this research delivered a potential tool to further promote the effective allocation of remote teaching resources. this paper also elaborates how to apply it functions in actual teaching practices, so as to improve students ’ enthusiasm, creativeness, independence thinking, and their general competitiveness. the implementation of information technology and courses integration will undoubtedly induce the evolutions in areas of resources allocation, course implementation, teaching evaluation and learning method transformation, and accelerate the reform and development of the whole education industry

    針對這些問題，本文以信息時代特徵為背景環境，以信息技術與課程教學整合現狀為鋪墊，在闡述相關概念和理論依據的基礎上，結合信息技術的教學功能特點及教學案例，研究信息技術與課程教學整合的基本指導思想、方法和途徑，旨在探索、總結信息技術與學科教學有效整合的模式、支撐教學資源及軟體的體系架構及建設方法，形成可借鑒、可操作的有效整合程序體系，為中小學教師開展有效整合提供具有引領性的、容易接受的操作規程，尤其是為農村中小學校有效利用遠程教育資源推進新課改，實現教育均衡發展提供有效的方法。
  6. Based on reviewing the historical background, prospecting for the development trend, analyzing the complicacy and mechanism and summing up some achievements and experiences in scientific research, several new problems and the possible direction of development in material processing technology and machine are proposed, such as, producing new concept materials possessing somespecific and extraovdinary properties by means of integrating and coalescing conelative frontier science and technology ; and thereafter a brief discussion is given

    在全面綜述材料制備技術及設備發展動態的基礎上，提出了該研究領域的幾個新問題和發展方向，如通過集成和融合現代相關前沿科學和技術生產具有超常和特殊性能的新概念材料等，並進行了簡要分析和討論
  7. The research presented in this thesis was a sub - project of the national high technology research and development program of china ( no. 2004aa424530 ) on case - based industrial design ( cbid ) system. the procedural knowledge retrieve in case - based nc machine tools form design system is the focus of the research. with the analysis of the theory, a cognitive experiment with the method of protocol analysis was conducted to capture and identify the procedural knowledge and design problem domain, and the model of procedural knowledge search is proposed with the concept of membership from fuzzy theory

    本文是「 863 」國家科技攻關項目「基於案例的工業設計技術（ casebasedindustrialdesigncbid ）和輔助設計應用系統研究」的研究子課題之一，文章研究重點為系統中數控機床工業設計中程序型知識檢索，通過理論分析和實驗研究，探討其在cbid系統中的實際應用模式，最後引入模糊數學中隸屬度的概念，探討了其在系統中的實現方式。
  8. With the development of automobile industry and road transportation ， the traffic accidents happen every day in the world and become a serious society problem the vehicle collision accidents are over 2 / 3 times as much as all traffic accidents they cause a large amount of social infuence and serious economic loss therefore ， it is urgent to study vehicle collision accidents comprehensively and systematically ， and the research also is the academic foundation to analyze and deal with traffic accident it is difficult to authenticate car velocity after traffic accident to dig over locate witness is right way mechanics is avaid tool in this field it is important to establish math model and this is precondition to calculate vehicle velocity firstly on the basis of summarizing the research results ， this paper deeply discusses the calculating model to analyze the instantaneous motion state in the vehicle collision, the interrelation among the every moving mechanics parameters in the every phase of the collision secondly ， according to the collinear collision and two - dimension collision and the restitution coefficient ， the paper estabishesthe post collision movement models it proves that these models are correct and valid thirdly ， this paper try to research reconstruction of road traffic accident and put forward the method on it

    對交通事故的科學分析應是建立在正確的數學模型與計算機模擬技術基礎上的定量分析，其基本條件就是要有能正確描述事故過程中汽車狀態的數學模型，只有建立正確的數學模型，才能較準確地推定事故車輛的碰撞速度。所以建立正確地車輛碰撞模型和運動模型正是汽車事故再現的關鍵問題。本文首先在總結前人研究的基礎上，深入地研究汽車碰撞理論，分析了車對車碰撞作用瞬間狀態的計算模型及碰撞恢復系數與碰撞前、后速度的關系；其次，根據交通事故中最普遍的一維和二維碰撞的不同情況，採用恢復系數和滑動摩擦系數等概念，分別建立了碰撞后車輛動力學模型；第三，對汽車碰撞事故再現進行了初步研究，確定了車對車碰撞事故模擬計算和反推計算方法，並給出相應的模擬程序流程圖。
  9. Seeing from the aspect of building space, the dissertation is to analyze the shape of the space in the ecological architecture and the method of applying the technology in design, to form the theory of ecological buffer space by applying the systemic and scientific theory and synergetics, to discuss the theory of ecological buffer space cooperate with the appropriate technology, and to probe into a kind of method of ecological architecture design

    本論文從建築空間的角度入手，分析了生態建築的有關空間形態和建築設計的技術手段，運用系統科學理論和協同學理論方法提出生態緩沖空間的概念，論述了生態緩沖空間和適宜技術協同作用的理論，並探討了一種生態建築的設計方法。
  10. Point to above problems, under the financial support of the national natural science foundation ( exploration of high tech and new concept and new conceive ), the excellent young teachers program of ministry of education and national excellent doctoral dissertation special foundation, the static and dynamic real - time computation of elasticity - plastic mechanics, solving method of fuzzy finite element and other problems were studied in this paper. and some achievement was gained as following : ( 1 ) based on the positive definiteness of system stiffness matrix of finite element that was modified and the form of potential energy function of elastic body, the linear system of saturation mode ( lssm ) was introduced into the neural computation of finite element, by which the no - error solving of finite element neural net computation was realized in theory

    針對上述問題，在國家自然科學基金（高技術新概念新構思探索） 、教育部優秀青年教師資助計劃、高等學校全國100篇優秀博士學位論文作者專項基金等的資助下，本文對彈塑性力學問題的動靜態的實時計算、模糊有限元的求解方法等問題進行了系統和深入的研究，取得了以下成果： （ 1 ）根據有限元總剛矩陣經修正後具有正定性的特點以及彈性體勢能函數的具體形式，將飽和模式的線性系統（簡稱為lssm系統）引入到有限元的神經網路計算中，在理論上實現了有限元神經網路計算的無誤差求解。
  11. In order to mix the esd with other methods, this paper explains esd / ft and esd / m methods, which increase the flexibility of the esd modeling. focusing on solving the dynamic pra problem, this article invents analytical / semi - analytical quantification of esds. finally, an accidental transient of fast reactor is studied

    國防科學技術大學研究生院學位論文最後，本文運用改進的esd方法並結合蒙特卡羅模擬對快中子反應堆系統潛在事故過程進行了動態概率風險評價，該應用研究展示了改進的esd方法在研究動態pra問題中所具有的巨大優勢。
  12. Originated from geographic information technique, spatial decision supporting technique can offer corresponding spatial knowledge and decision supporting for information management, process control and scientific research, etc. this thesis addresses itself to the basic conception and development of the current spatial decision supporting technique, analyzing the characteristics of spatial data and spatial entity and spatial decision supporting and discussing the realizing methods of spatial decision supporting

    源於地理信息系統的空間決策支持技術，可以為信息管理、過程式控制制、科學研究等提供相應的空間知識與決策支持。本文首先對當前空間決策支持技術的基本概念和進展作了論述，對空間數據、空間實體、空間決策支持的特點進行了分析，討論了空間決策支持的實現方法。
  13. The whole dissertation can be divided into 9 chapters, which are mainly engaged on the comparative theories of the common balance and the partial balance, and the methodology of the demonstration and criterion economics to do the analysis and res earch on the purpose of making relatively thorough and deep assessment on the policy - making and related improvement suggestions on such areas as the implement performance of the agriculture policies, the requirement structure of agriculture, the structure of employment, the basic elements and arrangement of agriculture production, the sustainable development of agriculture and the agriculture internationalization etc. the basic innovative points of the dissertation are as follows : ( 1 ) to establish a systematic framework for the research on the policies of agriculture industry and the structure of agriculture industry ; the framework for grand agriculture industry structure ; the framework of subject relationship in the agriculture socialized service system ; the circulation framework of sustainable development for agriculture ; the model framework for corporation development for agriculture institution ; ( 2 ) to expand the external scope of the concept of agriculture ; ( 3 ) to put forward the ideas of the corporation orientation by restructuring and innovating the present agriculture operational institution ; ( 4 ) to raise the viewpoints to set up the quality standard system for agriculture produce and to initiate the same system of the internal and external trade ; ( 5 ) to offer the suggestions on guiding the development of the township and private enterprises through the industry policies ; ( 6 ) to raise the innovative viewpoint by way of the systematic analysis on agriculture and the employment structure of the countryside, the district arrangement, technological innovation and the marketing system of agriculture produce ; ( 7 ) to put forward the comprehensive thinking way to broaden the logistics services for agriculture produce ; ( 8 ) to raise the new idea of the agriculture supporting system and the policy suggestions on expanding the areas for the government to support agriculture industry, reorganization of agriculture insurance system and aid to the weak masses of the countryside

    本課題是在國家農業產業政策不斷完善和產業經濟學科科學發展的背景下，從農業產業政策的實踐出發，從大農業產業結構、組織、技術、資金、勞動力、土地等資源配置以及區域布局、國內外關聯等角度，以農業產業政策與農業發展的互動關系為切入點，提出了農業產業政策調整取向，初步形成和發展了政策理論。全文共分9章，主要運用一般均衡和局部均衡比較等理論，實證、規范經濟學研究等方法進行探討，對農業產業政策實施績效、農村需求結構、就業結構、農業生產要素和布局、農業可持續發展、農業國際化等命題以及對策建議作了比較全面深入的評析。本課題研究主要有以下創新觀點：初步搭建了農業產業政策和結構理論框架，設計了政策和結構體系圖；延伸了「農業」概念外延，提出了「大農業」的構想；提出了農業產業經營組織再造和創新的公司化發展方向，設置了農業產業化、公司化發展模式圖和產業化公司模型圖；設計了農業可持續發展良性循環圖和農業資金投入效益模型圖；提出了建立農產品質量標準體系、推行內外貿一體制的觀點；建立了農業保障體系參照圖，建議通過產業政策引導鄉鎮、私營企業和「三資」企業發展；剖析農村勞動力就業結構、區域布局、科技創新、農產品市場體系；提出了加大農產品物流配送的整體思路；提出了農業支撐體系新觀念及擴大政府支農范圍、重構農業保險體系、扶持弱勢群體的政策建議。
  14. To meet the development need of automotive technology, the idea of integrated information display system of automobile is put forward for the display technology of electronic instrument panel of passenger cars. the idea is based on the theories of both automotive electronics and automobile human engineering which are new marginal subjects applying advanced technology and various new products, especially micro - electronic products

    針對我國汽車電子技術和轎車儀表系統的現狀，以及世界汽車技術的發展趨勢，根據汽車電子學和車輛人機工程學這兩門新興邊緣學科的理論，從經濟性、適用性和合理性等角度出發，提出了汽車綜合信息顯示系統的概念。
  15. Based on the positive studies of national level htdz in northwest, under the instruction of system science, using regional development theory, this paper tried to analyze the htdz problems, then provided some strategies for how the htdz should be cultivated and developed. the paper began with those outer conditions including the high technology concepts, the initiated factors of the htdz, development environment and work mechanism. moreover, this paper combined the positive investigations and system study as a method

    本文從高新技術的相關概念、高新技術產業開發區的激發因子、發展環境以及運行機制等條件出發，以西北地區國家級高新技術產業開發區的實證研究為基礎，運用系統科學和區域發展理論，採用實地調查和系統分析相結合的辦法，剖析了西北地區高新技術產業開發區存在的問題，在此基礎上提出了西北地區高新技術產業開發區如何培育與發展的對策。
  16. Meanwhile, the paper discusses the fundamentals to be an international journal, and outlines the conditions that a scientific journal to be an international journal, from the perspectives of the level of research, the scale of scientific community, editor ' s sensitivity to information, information technology application and the marketing administration

    論文同時分析了國際化期刊形成的基礎，從科學研究水平、科學共同體規模、信息捕捉能力、信息技術條件，以及市場經營水平等層面，提出科技期刊成為國際化期刊的條件。作者認為，期刊國際化與期刊面向國際是兩個截然不同的概念。
  17. Engineering drawing has always been labeled as a practical subject. a combination of geometrical, building. mechanical and electrical drawing, it relates between theory and the picture of reality. engineering drawing will provide an accurate and complete ptcture for every object tn terms of shapes and sizes. usually, it is taught using the face - to - face teaching mode even in an odl environment. due to its nature, some students may find difficulty in imagining and interpreting the drawings. however, the availability of sophisticated technology provides the opportunity for the learning of engineering drawing to be enhanced via online. a web - based system for teaching and learning engineering drawing was developed based on a constructivism model. the web - based system is tailored for several topics of engineering drawing such as orthographic projection, sectional view, isometric and oblique drawing at the secondary level. the learning strategy consists of multiple phases beginning with introduction, concept learning, engineering drawing method, application and exercises. during introduction, students will be exposed to an overview of the topic followed by learning of specific concepts. the system provides a learning environment that allows engineering students to view objects from different angles, such as third angle projection and first angle projection as well as views of plans, side and front elevations. after learning about the concepts, students wilt be guided through the various steps in drawing methods for each topic via animations and simulations. learners are able to view any section repeatedly. examples of real application of engineering drawings were also given using graphic, animations and video. to evaluate students understanding, exercises were given at the end of each session

    工程制圖一直被認為是一門實踐性學科，其整合了幾何學、建築、力學、電子制圖等，從而將理論與現實圖像聯系起來，工程制圖能為每個不同形狀、尺寸的物體提供精確的、完整的圖像.通常，即使在開放與遠程教育環境中，工程制圖的教學也是通過面對面的教學模式來進行的.由於其特殊性，一些學習者可能難以想象並解釋這些圖像.然而，尖端的技術使得可以通過在線的方式加強工程制圖的學習.研究者基於建構主義模式開發了一個面向工程制圖教學和學習的網路系統.該系統適用於幾種工程制圖，例如展開圖、刻面圖、等角圖和斜角圖.學習過程包括導論、概念學習、工程制圖方法，以及應用與練習等階段.在導論階段，系統為學習者提供了專題簡介，然後是概念學習階段.系統所提供的學習環境允許工程專業的學生從三維透視、一維透視、平面圖、側立面、正立面等不同角度來觀察物體.經過概念學習階段后，系統將引導學生通過動畫和模擬學習每個專題中制圖方法的不同步驟，學習者也能重復觀察任何剖面.另外，還通過圖像、動畫和視頻等方式展示真實的工程制圖應用案例.最後，為了評價學生的理解能力，在每部分內容後面都附有相關的練習
  18. I use " self - direction for adult learning " theory ( from m. knowles, famous adult education scholar ) to reference. i investigated four universities and collages ( peking university, beijing geology university, beijing information technology institute, beijing united university ), include 168 students and more than 10 teachers. with the research methods of questionnaire investigating, interview, domestic and international teaching books antitheses and action analysis, i research into the innovation of professional course for evening school education, emphasizing particularly on the study of the characteristics of evening school students in the new era and the development of course resources

    本研究以《成人高校計算機專業教育的調查研究? ?夜大學的學員特點與專業課程資源的革新》為題，參考當代著名成人教育學者諾爾斯的「成人自我指導學習理論」的概念框架和基本理念，以有典型代表性的四所普通高校（北京大學、北京地質大學、北京信息工程學院和北京聯合大學）的夜大學168名本專科學生和10餘名教員為對象，運用文卷調查、深度訪談、國內外計算機專業教材案例分析、行動研究等方法技術，側重從新時期夜大學的學員特點與課程資源開發的角度，探討了夜大學專業課程改革的問題。
  19. However, the new scientific knowledge, including theories & technologies, the human genome project gives people, a1so acconpanied by the nimerous inva1uab1e medica1 and economic uses, wi11 bring out many kinds of prob1ems, issues at the sane time to mankind, all of those prob1ems need to be dea1t with, and be1ong to different fields respective1y, so we can " t mix them to discuss totally

    然而，在給人們帶來新的科學知識、理論、技術，寶貴的醫學價值和巨大的經濟利益的同時，人類基因組計劃也會給人們帶來許許多多的各個方面的問題。這些知識、技術、價值問題分屬于不同的層面，不能一概而論；需要眾多研究者分工協作地對「人類基因組計劃」進行冷靜的分析、研究、評估甚至是批判。
  20. Since 1980 ' s, the theory of new economic development has been put forward by some famous professionals and economists who consider the economy ' s development relying on accumulation of capital has changed to accumulation and renewal of knowledge, and knowledge has become the most important productive factor and the key of continuous development of economy in 1990s a research institution of un was the first to use the concept " knowledge '. the organization of economy cooperation and development suggested in 1996 in the report of science and technology and the prospect of industrial development that the economy based on knowledge should be the one directly founded on the production, distribution and use of knowledge and information

    從80年代以來，國際上已有經濟學家提出了「新經濟增長理論」 ，認為經濟增長已從依靠資本積累轉向依賴于知識積累與更新，知識已成為經濟活動中最重要的生產要素，成為經濟持續增長的關鍵。 90年代，聯合國研究機構使用了「知識經濟」的概念。 1996年經濟合作與發展組織在其科學技術和產業發展展望報告中，提出「以知識為基礎的經濟， 」是「直接建立在知識和信息的生產、分配和使用之上的經濟」 。
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