證據性事實 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhèngjùxìngshìshí]
證據性事實 英文
evidential fact
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 據 : 據Ⅰ動詞1 （占據） occupy; seize 2 （憑借; 依靠） rely on; depend on Ⅱ介詞（按照; 依據） according...
  • 性 : Ⅰ名詞1 （性格） nature; character; disposition 2 （性能; 性質） property; quality 3 （性別） sex ...
  • 事 : 名1 （事情） matter; affair thing; business 2 （事故） trouble; accident 3 （職業;工作） job; wor...
  • 實 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （內部完全填滿 沒有空隙） solid 2 （真實; 實在） true; real; honest Ⅱ名詞1 （實際; 事實...
  • 證據 : evidence; proof; testimony
  1. In china, under the influence of legal tradition and continental legal system, the evidence system pays more attention to substantive law rather than adjective law. in addition to the unscientific setting of the testimony standard, this evidence system influence the effect and quality of our country " s criminal trial

    在我國，由於受傳統法律思想和大陸法系證據制度的影響，重實體輕程序的審判思想積重難返，加之證明標準設置缺乏科學性，嚴重影響了我國刑事審判的效率和質量。
  2. The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure

    以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導，結合我國的國情，對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善，在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子；在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念，以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實；在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則；在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據，其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據，增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度，補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的，取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定，改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。
  3. Hearing factualism has been approved widely, which emphasizes that the adjudication from the court should base on the facts heard in the court and that the trial should be direct and the parties perform it in person

    摘要聽證事實主義強調法院的裁判要以法庭聽證的事實為依據，強調審判的直接性和親歷性，因而被廣泛認同。
  4. This text begins with analysis that our country appraises the confusion of the system at present in real example, exposing ontology question of the scientific knowledge in terms of philosophy of science, regarding this as the platform, the text has analysed the concept of the scientific evidence, procedure function of the scientific evidence, studied the value of the scientific evidence, put forward standard that scientific evidence can adopt should be : the scientific knowledge of the basis has validity, relevancy with the factum probanda the method and conclusion have reliability

    本文以法官如何審查認定科學證據，限制專家話語權擴張對糾紛解決機制的侵襲為立論平臺，從實證分析我國目前鑒定體制的混亂切入，從科學哲學的角度闡述了科學知識的本體論問題，以此為平臺，分析了科學證據的概念、科學證據的程序功能，研究了科學證據的價值，提出科學證據可採的標準應當是：依據的科學知識具有有效性，與待證事實具有相關性，方法和結論具有可靠性。
  5. With the ways of our countrys criminal litigation court trials changing from inquisitorial proceedings to adversary procedures and the progressing of the criminal jurisdiction reformation, discovery is becoming an unavoidable issue in criminal litigation in our country. in practice, many jurisdictional authorities in our country have tried to explore and try it since 1999. this article, through comparing the discovery system among britain, america and japan, through analyzing the present actual situation of our countrys criminal litigation and from the aspects of the litigation modes, jurisdiction justice and the necessity for deepening the reformation of criminal trials, has proved that it is necessary and emergent in practice and applicable in theory to establish the discovery regime in our country

    隨著我國刑事訴訟法庭審判方式由審問制向對抗制的轉變和刑事審判方式改革的進一步深化，證據展示便成為刑事訴訟中的一個不可迴避的問題，實踐中不少司法機關從1999年始即已進行了證據展示的探索和嘗試，本文從英美日國家的證據展示制度的規定和比較入手，通過對我國刑事訴訟運作現狀的分析，從刑事訴訟模式、訴訟公正價值觀和深化刑事審判方式改革的角度，論證了證據展示制度在我國的建立具有現實上的必要性、緊迫性和理論上的合理性，並在此基礎上對證據展示的主體、責任、內容作了理論上的探討研究。
  6. It is true that dusk ' s classics and plebeians ' jocosity has some correct statements, but there arc many pails running counter to the academic principles, for instance, making sweeping criticisms, self - contradiction, inadequate evidence, spontaneous remarks, random criticism, and fallacious reasoning

    摘要盡管《經典的黃昏與庶民的戲謔》中也有一些正確的說法，但從總的情況看，卻存在著諸多背離學理的地方或以偏概全，或自相矛盾，或不符事實，或證據不足，或任性發揮，或隨意指摘，或強詞奪理。
  7. In this thesis, the methods of comparison research, the combination of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis, the combination of positive philosophy and standardized research, the theories of economics and management are used to make systematic and comprehensive analysis. at the same time, using the data that reflects the present situation of the safety and safety management in construction industry, the author analyses the problems existing in the present safety management mode, and then points out the key factor in the new systems of safety management is the agency

    在文章中，作者採用了比較研究、定性分析和定量分析相結合、實證研究和規范研究相結合的方法，綜合運用國內外專家學者的研究成果，以大量的事實和數據為依據，分析了我國建築業安全生產管理的現狀和存在的問題，進而提出在中國建築行業建立安全生產體系的具體模式和該模式運行機制的關鍵因素? ?即中介機構在安全生產管理體系中所處的地位和重要因素。
  8. There exists some malpractices for our traditional civil executive systems in power installation, management and operation, and it should be restructured according to the division theory of administration and rights - and - obligations in the civil executive power : under the condition that executive power is still installed in courts, administrative executive departments should be set up for its full implementation, separate implementation is also encouraged according to the different natures and characteristics of executive and adjudicative powers, and its implementation should be handed to the intermediate courts or higher to guarantee the justice of adjudication

    我國傳統的民事執行制度在權力的設置、管理、運行等方面存在弊端，應依據民事執行權的行政權屬性和權能劃分的理論進行重構：在執行權仍配置於法院的前提下，設立行政化的執行局專司執行，並按照實施權和裁決權的不同性質和特點實行分離行使，為保證裁決權的公正性，應統一交由中級以上人民法院行使。
  9. The main contents of the reform of trial preceding in economic case is the reform of the system of the evidence. adjustment of the standard of proof in chinese is to built dualistic system for procedural standard of proof. so the proof on the balance of probabilities will be the procedural standard in chinese civil procedure

    我國目前正在進行的民事審判方式改革，主要是證據制度方面的改革，以形成符合我國國情的民事證明標準，本文試從對民事證明標準概念，證明標準在證據制度上的意義和證明標準模式的評析，揭示我國奉引的一元制證明標準的弊端，並結合國情，得出我國應建立高度蓋然性的民事證明標準的結論，並指出該證明標準在實踐中的可行性和相應的配套制度的建設。
  10. Through the approach of investigative questionnaire and ability examination, considering both teachers " teaching practice in senior high school and students " need in analyzing and resolving problem, taking the method of fixing the quality and quantity, we make a demonstration research. at last, we draw a conclusion that the 19 manifestations of chemistry ability can be reduced to three levels : the basal level, called repeating thinking, includes distinguishing and judging the chemical fact and relations of quantity in chemical reaction, comparing and summarizing the chemistry fundamental knowledge ; innovative thinking level includes illogical thinking and logical thinking. illogical thinking mainly contains intuition, association and space imagination of micro - particle

    通過調查問卷、能力測試等途徑，結合教師在中學化學的教學實踐和學生在分析、解決問題的實際需要，採用定性與定量結合的方法，進行實證研究，得出結論：化學學科能力的19種表現形式歸納為3個層次：最基礎的再造性思維能力層次包括對化學事實和化學反應中量的關系的識別和判斷、對化學基礎知識的比較概括；以培養創新能力為核心的創造性思維層次包括化學直覺思維、聯想、對微觀粒子的空間想象為主的非邏輯思維和靈活運用已學的化學知識通過分析、綜合地解決問題為主的邏輯思維；化學實驗能力層次是化學學科能力的最高層次，它以思維能力為基礎，集中體現了化學教學的基本特徵，實驗能力層次包括：選用實驗方法和設計實驗方案，對實驗的評價，研究和處理實驗事實、資料、數據，發現規律，表達實驗及其結果，最終解決問題的能力和發散思維。
  11. To restructure the basic principles of the civil mediation system, perfect the procedural rules, truly implement principles of self - willingness and judgement authority, so as to restore the original requirements of a mediation system. to implement a policy of limited case review, so as to maintain the effect of the mediation agreement, and the authority of a court mediation. meanwhile, to give the litigants certain subsidy rights, so as to achieve a balance between the litigation interests and private law interests

    要重新構建民事訴訟模式，完善民事訴訟證據規則，固定法官的中立角色，減少調解過程中的強制；要建立多元化的替代性糾紛解決機制，使民事訴訟調解制度更具系統化；要重構民事調解制度的基本原則，完善程序性規定，落實自願原則和處分權原則，還調解制度本來的要求；要實行有限再審，維護調解協議的效力和法院調解的權威，同時，給予當事人一定的救濟權利，實現訴訟利益和私法利益的平衡。
  12. It is therefore summarized as follows : ( a ) the obligation of evidence discovery of parties should be established ; ( b ) such obligation should be mutual ; ( c ) the obligation of evidence discovery of prosecutors is significant than that of counsel for the defense for the following reasons : first, prosecutors have more sources

    綜上，歸納三點： l 、確立當事人的證據展示責任； 2 、責任應當是相互性的； 3 、檢察官具有更充分的資源而且其搜集的證據往往構成案件事實的主要基礎，故其承擔責任的訴訟意義大於辯護方。
  13. Network forensics is an important extension to present security infrastructure, and is becoming the research focus of forensic investigators and network security researchers. however many challenges still exist in conducting network forensics : the sheer amount of data generated by the network ; the comprehensibility of evidences extracted from collected data ; the efficiency of evidence analysis methods, etc. against above challenges, by taking the advantage of both the great learning capability and the comprehensibility of the analyzed results of decision tree technology and fuzzy logic, the researcher develops a fuzzy decision tree based network forensics system to aid an investigator in analyzing computer crime in network environments and automatically extract digital evidence. at the end of the paper, the experimental comparison results between our proposed method and other popular methods are presented. experimental results show that the system can classify most kinds of events ( 91. 16 ? correct classification rate on average ), provide analyzed and comprehensible information for a forensic expert and automate or semi - automate the process of forensic analysis

    網路取證是對現有網路安全體系的必要擴展，已日益成為研究的重點.但目前在進行網路取證時仍存在很多挑戰:如網路產生的海量數據;從已收集數據中提取的證據的可理解性;證據分析方法的有效性等.針對上述問題，利用模糊決策樹技術強大的學習能力及其分析結果的易理解性，開發了一種基於模糊決策樹的網路取證分析系統，以協助網路取證人員在網路環境下對計算機犯罪事件進行取證分析.給出了該方法的實驗結果以及與現有方法的對照分析結果.實驗結果表明，該系統可以對大多數網路事件進行識別（平均正確分類率為91 . 16 ? ） ，能為網路取證人員提供可理解的信息，協助取證人員進行快速高效的證據分析
  14. Only last thursday, as evidence of this rapid offensive buildup was already in my hand, soviet foreign minister gromyko told me in my office that he was instructed to make it clear once again, as he said his government had already done, that soviet assistance to cuba, and i quote, " pursued solely the purpose of contributing to the defense capabilities of cuba, " that, and i quote him, " training by soviet specialists of cuban nationals in handling defensive armaments was by no means offensive, and if it were otherwise, " mr

    就在上個星期四我已經掌握了進攻性工事在快速興建的證據時，蘇聯外相葛羅米柯在我的辦公室告訴我他獲指示再向我澄清一遍，他說他的政府即蘇聯已經對古巴實行的援助，我這里引用「僅僅是為了增加古巴的防禦能力」 ，我再引用「蘇聯專家訓練古巴人是掌握防禦性武器，如果該培訓是其他什麼的也決不具進攻性質」 ，他接著說「蘇聯政府絕對不會提供這樣的援助」 。
  15. Judicial identification refers to a kind of acts of checking evidence, during the course of action ， in which an identifier with expertise appointed or invitated by judicial organs after the application of the parties or without the application, with scientific technological methods complying with the provisions of the criminal procedure law, draws a judgment conclusion. [ 1 ] judicial identification serves the acts of investigation, procuratoration, justice and execution and serve their acts of collecting, examing and checking evidence, which is a link in judicial acts

    司法鑒定是在訴訟過程中，對于案件中的某些專門性問題，按訴訟法的規定，經當事人申請，司法機關決定，或司法機關主動決定，指派、聘請具有專門知識的鑒定人，運用科學技術手段，對專門性問題作出判斷結論的一種核實證據的活動[ 1 ] 。司法鑒定是為偵查、檢察、審判、執行活動服務的，為其收集證據、審查核實證據，是司法活動中的一個環節或鏈條。
  16. Though the code of civil procedure in our country did not make the explicit formulation to the judicial cognition, but this issue was attached great importance in the theories field and judicial circle, the related judicial interpretation of the supreme people ' s court formulate the principle provision of this issue, at the same time, parts of scholars in judicial procedure also did more research of this issue

    在我國，盡管民事訴訟法對司法認知未作明確規定，但是這個問題卻引起了理論界和實務界的高度重視，最高人民法院的相關司法解釋對此作出了原則性規定，同時部分訴訟法學者也加強了對這一證據規則的研究。
  17. In the part of analysis of advantages and disadvantages of presumption of knowledge, it analyses that presumption of knowledge favorably serves to distribute reasonably the responsibility of producing ? evidence, to realize impartiality and efficiency of procedural law and to satisfy the needs of reality and criminal policy. on the other hand, it provides theoretical preparation for prevention of risk by pointing out its disadvantages of the inaccuracy in the presumed results and the possibility of presuming negligence as knowledge

    「明知推定的利弊分析」部分，則分析了明知推定具有合理分配提供證據的責任，實現訴訟法之公正與效益價值，滿足現實需要與刑事政策需要等作用；同時也存在推定結果精確性有欠缺和疏忽大意過失可能被推定為明知等弊端，為防範風險提供理論準備。
  18. When have analyzed the method of alleviating the patient ’ s burden of proof, specific methods are proposed. author suggest that court should accept the sue only if the patient prove the cause to the degree the average person regard the cause true, the burden of proof is bored on medical organization when the being proving fact provided by patient is highly possible ; the burden of proof is bored on patient when being proving fact provided by patient is less possible but the fact is only clue and medical organization take on responsibility of explanation ; and the burden of proof is bored on the patient when the fact is impossible. author proposed also method to form a complete set, which is establishing the principle of free prove, dividing the cause into cause in fact and cause in law and establishing the standard for possibility

    筆者在分析了減輕患者證明責任的途徑之後，提出了完善醫療糾紛訴訟中證明責任分配的具體方法:將《最高人民法院關于證據的若干規定》第四條第八款修改為:患者就醫療行為向法院提起訴訟，必須就醫療方存在過錯或者損害與醫療行為之間存在事實上的因果關系的證明達到依一般人的觀點，可以合理懷疑的程度時，法院才能受理;對患者提出的有爭議的待證事實，具有高度的蓋然性的，由醫療方承擔證明責任，事實真偽不明時，由醫療方承擔敗訴風險;對待證的事實蓋然性較低，但該事實是唯一具體線索的可能性時，由醫療方承擔解明義務，在醫療方已經盡了解明義務而事實仍然真偽不明時，仍由患者承擔敗訴風險;對蓋然性很低的案件，由患者承擔證明責任。
  19. In this paper aircraft has made vertical and synthetic detecting flying purposefully on 9. 17, 2003 according to cloud ' s macro and microstructure. vertical layers and representative places of stratiform cloud on 9. 17, 2003 are analyzed using the observational data of particle measurement system ( pms ), combined with satellite data, radar data, and precipitation data on ground. by this we have got cloud ' s microphysical structure and physical process of the natural precipitation, and the physical effect evidence has been testified according to observational data after lco2 seeding

    本文用綜合觀測的方法，利用機載pms雲粒子探測系統，根據雲系的宏微觀結構特徵進行有針對性的垂直探測飛行，配合衛星、雷達、地面雨量、雨強計網觀測資料對2003年9月17日延安降水性層狀雲系中那些有代表性的部位或垂直分層做細致的觀測分析，獲得雲系的微物理結構和自然降水形成的物理過程，並用觀測事實來驗證人工增雨引晶催化后的物理響應判據。
  20. Computer forensics demands that problem concerned with computer crime investigation should be treated from the aspects of law and technique : make the most use of and develop the current data obtaining technique and data - analyzing technique, discover data related to computer crime, ensure and relativity between fact and evidence ; quicken law developments, establishment computer evidence " s law position ; obtain the evidence according to the legal procedure, and insure the legitimacy of evidence obtaining ; establish the accurate storing system both from management and from technique, enhancing the investigation and judgment of computer evidence, and ensuring the dependability of computer evidence

    計算機取證就需要從法律和技術兩個角度來看待計算機犯罪偵查方面的一些問題：充分運用和發展現有的數據獲取技術和數據分析技術，發掘與計算機犯罪相關的證據，確保證據與犯罪事實的相關性；加快法律建設，確立計算機證據的法律地位；依照法定程序獲取證據，確保證據取得的合法性；建立一個從管理和技術上都可靠的保管鏈，加強對計算機證據的科學嚴密的審查判斷，保證計算機證據的真實可靠性。
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