證據法規則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhèngjùfǎguīzé]
證據法規則 英文
rule of evidence
  • 證 : Ⅰ動詞（證明） prove; verify; demonstrate Ⅱ名詞1 （證據） evidence; proof; testimony; witness 2 （...
  • 據 : 據Ⅰ動詞1 （占據） occupy; seize 2 （憑借; 依靠） rely on; depend on Ⅱ介詞（按照; 依據） according...
  • 法 : Ⅰ名詞1 （由國家制定或認可的行為規則的總稱） law 2 （方法; 方式） way; method; mode; means 3 （標...
  • 規 : Ⅰ名詞1 （畫圓形的工具） instrument for drawing circles 2 （規則; 成例） rule; regulation 3 [機械...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 證據 : evidence; proof; testimony
  • 規則 : 1. （規定的制度或章程） rule; regulation; ordination; prescribed procedure; rope 2. （整齊） regular
  1. When the proof revelation system has been established, the rate of courtroom adjudgement has been increased, the rule of positive wordage has been prescribed by lawmaking. then, the judge of first instance can give up the use of prosecuting roll

    只有建立證據開示制度、提高當庭宣判率、立法明文規定直接言詞原則，才能使一審法官放棄對控方案卷的使用有可依據的程序和制度基礎。
  2. The structure of this paper goes like this, the first chapter introduce the development of e - b / l in practice and in laws. and draw a conclution that the electrification of the b / l is a history tide. in the second chapter, on the basic of reseach the security trap in e - b / l running, 1 conclude six security elements of, e - b / l : the liability of the system, the authenticity of dealers ' identity. the integrity and secrecy of electronic data, and the validity and evidence effectiveness of electronic data. from the third chapter to the eighth, 1 reseach these elements one by one. the third chapter introduce the establishment of the e - b / l security system, and some related laws the fourth chapter introduce the certification authority of e - b / l. in the fifth chapter, 1 introduce the encrypt of electronic information and some countries ' control on use / import / export crytography. the sixth chapter introduce the concept and principle of digital signature, and reseach some related legal issues. the seventh chapter reseach the legal demand of validity, then come to a conclution that to establish a independent electronic information system is necessary. in the eighth chapter, 1 reseach some countries " regulation on the evidence effectiveness of electronic data

    第二章在分析電子提單運作中的安全隱患的基礎上，歸納出其六大安全要素，即系統的可靠性、交易者身份的真實性、數據電訊的機密性和完整性、數據電訊的合法有效性以及交易者行為的不可抵賴性。第三章到第八章分別對這六大要素進行分析：第三章介紹了電子提單網路安全體系的建立以及系統安全保護法規，第四章則介紹了電子提單的安全認證機構，第五章介紹了信息加密技術以及各國立法對密碼技術的進出口及使用的控制，第六章介紹了數字簽名的概念及原理，並以bolero為例介紹了數字簽名的技術方式，對有關法律問題作了論述；第七章首先論述了電子提單對有效性的法律需求，然後結合國內法和國際規則的規定論證了數據電訊制度產生的必然性；第八章通過對各國立法對電子證據的法律效力的規定，論述了對電子交易至關重要的數據電訊的不可抵賴性。
  3. The part puts forward the law foundations of legislating these rules, the main disputable ideas regarding these rules at present ; gives the cardinal point of making rules of excluding illegal evidence on the basis above and the difficulties when making these rules in china

    本部分提出了我國非法證據排除規則的法律依據，目前關于對非法排除規則的主要爭議觀點，在此基礎提出了確立非法證據排除規則的基點，以及在我國確立非法證據排除規則所面臨的困難。
  4. The current public prosecution mode in our country took shape from the past whole case - examine mode in the base of the thinking to get ride of the drawbacks in the past. in practice, it has not only become effective and cause out a lot of new defaults, for example, the definition of the main evidence is not clear, the transfer range of the case files is unclear and the stipulate of the examine consequence is not enough. in order to reform and perfect the current public prosecution mode, we should regard the theory of the public prosecution as guide, combine our country ' s conditions, on methodology jump out of the circle relatively drawing lessons from the past, on the procedural theory, change the idea that the forejudge caused from the substantive examination and clarify the objective fact the current public prosecution include the essential substantive examination, in practice regard legitimacy, rationality and flexibility as the principle of law enforcement before the law to revise, in legislation define the concept of the main evidence clearly, add the regulation to dispatch the examine judge and the trial judge, regulate the treatment methods after examination and revise some rules about the summary procedure

    以公訴審查制度的訴訟理念為指導，結合我國的國情，對現行公訴審查模式的改革和完善，在方法論上跳出以往比較借鑒的圈子；在訴訟理念上改變過去庭審法官預斷必然緣于實體性審查的觀念，以澄清現行公訴審查模式包括必要的實體審的客觀事實；在實踐中以合法性、合理性和靈活性作為立法修改前的執法原則；在立法上明確界定主要證據的范圍是對證明犯罪是否成立起主要作用或有重要影響的證據，其中既包括有罪證據也包括無罪證據，增加規定公訴審查法官與正式庭審法官分立制度，補充規定對公訴審查后開庭審理之外的其它情況的處理方法以及對於人民法院在審理過程中發現不宜適用簡易程序的，取消原刑訴法應當按照一般公訴案件適用的普通審判程序重新審理的規定，改為由審理該案件的獨任審判員以外的審判員重新組成合議庭對該案件進行重新審理等。
  5. Forasmuch, we should make reference to continental country " mode and draw lessons from anglo - american experience properly in devising our system of admissibility rules

    有鑒於此，我們在設計證據能力規則體系時應當實行參照大陸法系國家的模式，適當借鑒英美法系國家的經驗的原則。
  6. As to the related judicial principals and evidential rules, the author thought we should drawup the principle of directness and oral and the regulation of hearsay evidence

    關于建立相關審判原則和證據規則的問題，本文認為交叉詢問適用嚴密的審判原則、證據法則和技術性規則，否則難以
  7. In the 2003 criminal procedure law amendment, medical literatures and cpgs are considered as exceptions of hearsay rules and can be used as evidence in the courts

    而隨著刑事訴訟結構引進了傳聞法則及其例外的規定，將學術著作及論文認定為傳聞證據的例外。
  8. A bill should be protested within one working day of dishonor, otherwise under the bill of exchange act ( 1882 ) all signatories are freed from liability on the bill

    按照英國1882年票據法規定，匯票必須在拒付的一個工作日之內作成拒付證書，否則票據上所有簽字人將免除債務責任。
  9. It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

    論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。
  10. What special aspects does electronic evidence have, the adoption of electronic evidence, the necessity of accepting electronic evidence, the legal orientation of electronic evidence, the collecting of the electronic evidence, and the censoring of the electronic evidence, etc have all become the problems to be solved by legislation. my thesis i s concentrated the problems above

    本文圍繞電子證據，著重分析探討了其特點、效力、認定規則及對電子證據的收集等問題，共有六個部分組成，即電子證據的含義及特點、電子證據的可采納性和采納的必要性、電子證據法律定位、電子證據的證明力、電子證據的收集、電子證據的審查判斷。
  11. While the united states and china will in principle issue maximum validity visas to each other s citizens, on a case - by - case basis, each side may limit the period of validity and number of entries as required by law and regulation

    美中兩國原則上按具體情況為對方國家的公民簽發有效期最長的簽證，但雙方也可根據法規限制有效期和入境次數。
  12. Electronic data interchange for administration, commerce and transport edifact - application level syntax rules syntax version number : 4 part 9 : security key and certificate management message message type - keyman

    用於行政商業和運輸業電子數據交換的應用級語法規則語法版本號： 4第9部分：安全密鑰和證書管理報文報文類型為keyman
  13. The article rests on the examples, precedents and written law via internet ; consults many essays about electronic evidence from domestic and overseas ; draws on the experience of the evidence and information subject ; compares the law, regulations and theory of most of the world ; analyses two important questions : the admissibility and the weight of electroniq evidence ; discusses the way of gathering and operating electronic evidence

    文章基於國內外有關電子證據的案例、通過因特網下載的相關立法、司法解釋；參考了國內外有關電子證據方面的論著資料；借鑒了證據法學、信息工程學等學科的理論和方法；比較了世界主要國家在電子證據方面的立法、判例、司法解釋和學說；分析了電子證據可采性和證明力兩個基本問題；探討了電子證據的收集和運用規則。
  14. In this paper will discuss the principles of shifting the burden of proof, the regulations ca n ' t become sound in its phase of legislation, but it is an important regulation in relief of right, and we should be convinced of it is belong to integrative system engineering. there are profound and lasting significance to conclude the basic legislation and justice principle about shifting the burden of proof

    ，對舉證責任倒置的爭議隨著《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定而突起，本文還就舉證責任倒置在立法中所應遵循的原則進行一定的探討，盡管舉證責任倒置的規范不可能在一部法律的立法階段即十全十美，畢竟它在權利救濟的過程中是一項重要制度，而且應認識到對此的規范屬于綜合的系統工程，不可能一蹴而就，所以歸納其在立法及司法實踐中應遵循的基本原則具有深遠的意義。
  15. In the case neither plaintiff nor defendant have persuaded the trier of fact about whether a particular fact exists, to say that one party shall lose the case is the key point of the question of the burden of proof, it is the last remedy ( " ultima ratio " )

    風險的預設和最終承擔需要明確和公平的規則，證據法中的證明責任問題即針對上述問題進行研究。可以說，證明責任判決是「最後的救濟（ ultimaratio ） 」 。法諺「證明責任是民事訴訟的脊樑」 ，足見證明責任在民事訴訟中的重要性。
  16. The ethical concept of the criminal evidence law refers to the standards and ideas of ethics, which is of importance in guiding is closely related with the criminal evidence legislation and research and the subjects of criminal evidence law shall observe in collecting and using evidence, testifying and identifying

    刑事證據法的倫理觀，是指對于刑事證據立法、理論研究具有重要指導作用，規范主體在進行取證、審查運用證據、作證、鑒定等行為時應當遵循的基本倫理準則和理念的總稱。
  17. Shifting the burden of proof of is the special provision and exception of the principle of burden of proof, during drafting " civil evidence code ", divergences about how to regulate the burden of proof appear, jurists have diffirent opinions on it, this paper set out from those divergences and disputes, discussing in detail with six sections : the disputes on the shifting the burden of proof, reasonable define the conception about shifting the burden of proof, the relation of shifting the burden of proof and deduction, shifting the burden of proof in present law and regulations, the function of shifting the burden of proof and the civil cases suitable for this regulation, legislative proposition. this artical elabrates the theoretical and realistic foundation of shifting the burden of proof. moreover, shifting the burden of proof is a phenomenon of proceeding and other regulations of solution to disputation, it is not confined to those laws and regulations of procedure, but also exist in substantial law

    舉證責任倒置是舉證責任分配規則中的特殊與例外，在民事證據法的草擬過程中對舉證責任倒置的存廢與否產生了分歧，法學界對此的觀點也呈現出百花齊放的態勢，本文從舉證責任倒置爭議與分歧的觀點出發，基於舉證責任倒置存在與否的爭議、舉證責任倒置概念的合理界定、舉證責任倒置與推定的關系、舉證責任倒置在我國現行法律中的體現、舉證責任倒置的功能及可適用民事案件的具體類型、舉證責任倒置立法完善的構想共六個部分具體闡述，從理論角度、司法實踐及立法構想三個不同的視角分析舉證責任倒置在我國的存在的理論意義、現實意義與立法前景，表明舉證責任倒置不僅在我國具有立法基礎而且有實踐環境，闡述舉證責任倒置雖然是出現于訴訟或是解決爭議的其他程序中的一個現象，但它又不局限於訴訟及其他解決爭議的程序規范，從現有的法律規范及法律實踐來看，舉證責任倒置與實體法是「同呼吸，共命運」的，用句老話說就是「皮之不存，毛將焉附? 」
  18. With a new conflicting factor being introduced, the robust range is analyzed. it is proposed that the key of dealing with conflicting evidence is conflicting distribution. thirdly, the characteristic of the generalizing of the theory of evidence is discussed

    分析比較了不同推廣方法的特點，指出條件化證據的推廣解決證據框架外的信源的有效組合，而廣義證據理論和模糊證據理論則試圖使證據焦元本身得以拓展，產生更為廣泛的組合規則； 4
  19. Second, as the evidence law has double attribute of substantial law and procedure law, it should embody the value of substantial law and procedure law

    因而，證據法的價值要以實體法和程序法的價值取向為基礎，同時證據規則作為實體與程序問題的結合點，應當充分發揮協調價值沖突的基本功能。
  20. A certified true copy of the instrument and rules governing its activities, i. e. the memorandum and articles of association in the case of a corporation, the ordinance where the body has been established by statute, the trust deed in the case of a trust, or the constitution in the case of a society

    規管其活動的文書的經核證真實副本。如屬法團，該文書應為組織大綱及細則如屬根據法規成立的團體，則為有關條例如屬信託團體，則為信託契約如屬社團，則為會章
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