正當免責事由 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [zhēngdāngmiǎnzéshìyóu]
正當免責事由 英文
iusta causa excusationis
  • 正 : 正名詞（正月） the first month of the lunar year; the first moon
  • 當 : 當Ⅰ形容詞（相稱） equal Ⅱ動詞1 （擔任; 充當） work as; serve as; be 2 （承當; 承受） bear; accept...
  • 免 : Ⅰ動詞1 （去掉;除掉） dismiss; relieve; remove 2 （避免） avoid; escape; avert 3 （免去） excuse s...
  • 責 : Ⅰ名詞（責任） duty; responsibility Ⅱ動詞1 （要求做成某事或行事達到一定標準） demand; ask for; req...
  • 事 : 名1 （事情） matter; affair thing; business 2 （事故） trouble; accident 3 （職業;工作） job; wor...
  • 由 : causereason
  • 正當 : 正當（正處在） just when; just the time for
  • 事由 : 1. （事情的原委） the origin of an incident; particulars of a matter2. （公文用語） main content
  1. When there is essential damage the creditor has the right to sue the third party for tort independently. in the practice of trial, it ' s more important to research the defense than the constitution. this paper introduced some ripe defense as reasonable behavior, justness dispute, lawful behavior, line of duty and inapplicability of tort law

    而英美法系則通過大量的審判活動積累了相當復雜的免責事由，但是由於判例法的傳統，要想總結所有的免責事由幾乎是不可能的，所以本文對于合理行為、正當競爭、合法行為、履行職責和不適用侵權法的行為等較成熟的免責事由做了一些簡單的介紹。
  2. They believe that the damages should be borne by the party concerned who has the capability of cost dissipation, and, with the enterprise who creates danger adding the losses it undertakes to the cost of its product, be finally dissipated to thousands and thousands pf consumers who buy the product, reaching the goal of allocation of losses in cost. the liability for damages should be assumed by the party who is capable of performing the duty of awareness and avoiding the accident. the victim normally has not such capability while the danger creator does have the capability to prevent the damage occurring

    認為損害應由具有成本分散能力的一方當事人承擔，通過製造危險的企業將其商品的成本中加入其所承擔的損失，而分散給購買其商品的千千萬萬個消費者而達到成本分攤損失的目的；損害責任應由有能力採取注意義務；避免意外事故發生的當事人負責，受害人一般無此能力，相反危險的製造者則有能力避免損害發生；基於公平的觀念，製造危險者往往從危險活動中受益，由其承擔損失是正義的要求；危險責任的成立，也是訴訟上證據保全的要求，即從事異常危險沼動所導致的損害事件，例如炸藥爆炸、大量汽油爆炸以及飛機失事等、意外事故，查常破壞這些事件過程中的證據，使證據滅失，而由原告證，明被告過失顯然不能，因此對被告的高度危險性活動所生損害應負嚴格責任。
  3. This thesis argues that the school is not the guardian of the infant students and the school does n ' t assume the guardian liability but the liability to educate, to supervise and to protect those students. the doc trine of liability fixation of school ' s liability is wrongs. the school, on the grounds that the student is injured, the school can control the accident, there is relation between the student ' s injure and the school ' s ate, the school is wrong, is truly responsible for the accident

    學校對未成年學生不是承擔監護責任，而是承擔教育、管理和保護責任；學校承擔民事法律責任的歸責原則是過錯責任原則；學校承擔民事法律責任的構成要件是存在未成年人學生人身損害的事實，發生在學校可控制的范圍內，學校行為與未成年學生人身損害有因果關系，學校主觀上有過錯包括故意和過失；學校的免責事由包括正當理由和外來行為。
  4. Part 1 : a brief account of the crime obstructeclin this part, the author compared the appellations of the acts such as legal defense and so on, and put forward a new terms : the crime obstructed. this terms has merit as follows : in the first place, it is named in the point of view of the constitution of crime, so we can avert the abuse that people named them in the angle of criminal attribute, but studied them not in the part of criminal attribute ; secondly, it can integrate the fortuious event, the force majesture, the severe damages of people who has criminal incapacity that in traditional theories are studied in the interior of the constitution of crimes and the acts such as legal defence, etc., because they have a common ground : not to accord with the constitution of crimes. thirdly, it is accurate and lucid terms. besides appellation, the author discussed the concept and feature of the crime obstructed in this part

    該部分詳細比較了我國學者對以正當防衛為代表的一系列行為的稱謂，提出了「犯罪阻卻事由」這個新術語。並認為使用這一術語有如下優點：一是從犯罪構成的角度來命名，避免了其他術語從犯罪屬性的角度命名但又不在犯罪屬性這部分來研究的弊端；二是它能將傳統理論放在犯罪構成內部研究的意外事件、不可抗力與無刑事責任能力人的嚴重損害行為與正當防衛等統一起來，因為它們有一個共同點：不符合犯罪構成；三是這個術語準確而又簡潔。除稱謂外，這部分還研究了犯罪阻卻事由的概念與特徵。
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