限制加重原則 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [xiànzhìjiāzhòngyuánzé]
限制加重原則 英文
principle of limitative aggravation
  • 限 : Ⅰ名詞（指定的范圍; 限度） limit; bounds Ⅱ動詞（指定范圍, 不許超過） set a limit; limit; restrict
  • 制 : Ⅰ動詞1 （製造） make; manufacture 2 （擬訂; 規定） draw up; establish 3 （用強力約束; 限定; 管束...
  • 重 : 重Ⅰ名詞（重量; 分量） weight Ⅱ動詞（重視） lay [place put] stress on; place value upon; attach im...
  • 原 : Ⅰ形容詞1 （最初的; 原來的） primary; original; former 2 （沒有加工的） unprocessed; raw Ⅱ動詞（原...
  • 則 : Ⅰ名詞1 （規范） standard; norm; criterion 2 （規則） regulation; rule; law 3 （姓氏） a surname Ⅱ...
  • 限制 : place [impose] restrictions on [to]; astrict; restrict; limit; confine; shut down on [upon]: 限制...
  1. The article depending on the investigation and research of jin xin chemical industry group and the analysis of the group " s external and internal environment, concludes the group " s strengths and weaknesses, defines the opportunities and threats or constraints that exits in the external environment, and on these grounds bring upped that the company ' s development target, established the group " s general strategy, according to the national chemistry industry " tenth five year period " the programming of " entering some industries and exiting from the other, doing something and not doing the other ", make sured the " chemical combination and the chemical engineering coexistence, and gradually push forward the related diversification, and build the type chemical combination conglomerate the group " of strategy direction, defines " to accelerate the internal industrial structure adjust and optimizing the product construction " which is the importance of the strategy, and established " the low cost target be in the leading and concentrate the strategy ", and formulate the group " s framework of total development strategy

    文章在調查研究金信化工有限公司基本情況，分析外部環境和內部條件的基礎上，總結了金信的優勢與劣勢，剖析了企業面臨的機遇和挑戰，並據此提出了公司的發展目標，制定了企業整體發展戰略，按照國家化學工業「十五」規劃中確定的「有所為有所不為」 、 「有進有退」的原則，確定了「化肥化工並舉，逐步推進相關多元化，打造綜合型化肥聯合企業集團」的戰略方向，明確了「加快內部產業結構調整和產品結構優化」的戰略重點，制定了「低成本領先的目標集中戰略」 ，形成了金信公司的整體發展戰略框架。文章理論與實際相結合，把戰略管理理論應用於企業戰略研究實踐，對金信公司的產品結構調整、技術改造、內部改革、企業管理和未來的長期穩定發展具有一定的指導意義。
  2. It is inevitable for principle of universal jurisdiction being accepted quickly and radicated as one essential principle of international criminal law in 2oth century : the first reason is that in the face of the complication, diversification and organizing nature of international crime, international society mends his pace to seek the diplex judicial system which can control these international crimes even effectively and fleetly. the second reason is that there are many disadvantages in the direct enacting pattern of international criminal law, the most obvious one is that the jurisdiction of international criminal tribunal and international criminal court are very restricted and the time - limiting system is also narrow

    普遍管轄原則在二十世紀被迅速廣泛接受並被確立為國際刑法的基本原則有其必然性:首先，國際犯罪的日益復雜化及多樣化使國際社會加緊尋求有效的控制、打擊國際犯罪的國際、國內雙重司法體制。其次，國際刑法的直接執行模式又存在諸多缺陷。最明顯的問題就是國際法庭或國際刑事法院的屬物管轄范圍太狹窄，時間效力也很受限制。
  3. Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law

    再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。
  4. On the basis of analyzing the classification principle of decision tree classifier and parallelpiped classifier, a new classification method based on normalized euclidian distance, called wmdc ( weighted minimum distance classifier ), was proposed

    通過分析多重限制分類器和決策樹分類器的分類原則，提出了基於標準化歐式距離的加權最小距離分類器。
  5. In rescent 10 vears in our counrtry, some excllent enterprises, such as hair, also used this instrument and achived a great success. this is a good example for zigong cemented carbide co. ltd. but zigong cemented carbide co. ltd has its own character, and has to be considered its own specialty and its location when using capital instrument. only when the company connect these two sides organically, then the realistic strategy target can be drawn up and the developing location can be chosen. under guidline of the detailed mergence. purchasing, reorganization and investment ' s policy with hard effort and work, the zigong cemented carbide co. ltd future should be glorious and the company ' s developing t - arget should come true

    但是，自貢硬質合金有限責任公司有其特殊性，在運用兼并、收購、重組、投資等資本運營手段時要考慮自身特點、公司地理，要考慮資本運營手段的原則、特點的方法，要考慮創造性地將兩者有機結合起來，制訂出更加切實可行的戰略目標，選準定位，並在具體的兼并、收購、重組和投資策略指導下，奮發努力，扎實工作，這樣，自貢硬質合金有限責任公司的前景必將更加美好，公司的發展目標必將得到實現。
  6. 3 the problems of international regulation lie in that some important conception cut both ways and some regulation have no reason. the author reckon that those conception should be defmituded, besides, prolong the time limit of " 90 days ". 4 some important conception about our country ' legistion such as " domestic industries " " betimes " should be defmituded and bring forword the plan of adjusting domestic industries

    針對此，提出了個人見解，要對一些重要概念進行界定，以及延長「 90天」的期限來提高報復補償機制的現實有效性，最後是在補償機制上應適用「最惠國」原則的例外;最後，我國保障措施立法總體而言是與國際相接軌的，但是仍存在著不足，需要在具體一些概念如「國內產業」 、 「及時性」的明確界定，以及對產業調整計劃、農產品分別規定的內容加以充實。
  7. Under the horizontal earthquake action and wind force, aim at " the pure frame structure with rectangle columns ", " the pure frame structure with special - shaped columns ", " the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns " and " frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns ", earthquake action analysis was done by the spacial finite element method through the changes structural parameter. analyzing systematically " structure vibration mode ", " vibration period ", " structure lateral rigidity ", " seismic action force ", " seismic response force ", " floor seismic shear force ", " lateral horizontal displacement of structure " and " members internal force ". results indicate : ( 1 ) based on equal area, the special - shaped columns replaced the rectangle columns, the structural lateral rigidity enlarges, the lateral displacement minishes obviously, the earthquake response increase slightly, the biggest increasing amount of frame columns axis - compress ratio is smaller than 0. 08. the whole aseismic performance of structure has improved ; ( 2 ) when the section ' s length and section ' s thickness ratio of special - shaped columns is smaller than 3. 6, the structure benefits to resist seismic action ; ( 3 ) the angle of horizontal seismic action with the whole coordinate is 0 degree, structure earthquake response is bigger, belonging to a control factor of structure aseismic design ; ( 4 ) the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns and the " a " - brace has the biggest lateral rigidity ; ( 5 ) the frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns have bigger lateral rigidity and smaller displacement, members internal force enlarged just rightly, have much superiority of resisting seismic action ; ( 6 ) in the higher seismic fortification criterion region ( 8 degree of seismic fortification intensity ), aseismic disadvantageous building site ( iii type site ), adopting special - shaped columns structure system, should reduce possibly the building ' s self - weight in order to reduce the earthquake response ; ( 7 ) the response spectrum method of computing seismic response and the time - history analysis method have similar analysis result

    西安理工大學碩士學位論文在水平地震作用下，並考慮風荷載組合，分別對「矩形柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱框一析架結構」及「異型柱框-剪結構」等四種結構體系，通過改變結構參數，運用空間有限元方法，進行地震作用計算。系統地分析研究「結構振型」 、 「振動周期」 、 「結構側向剛度」 、 「結構地震反應力」 、 「樓層地震剪力」 、 「結構側向位移」 、 「層間位移角」 ，以及「構件內力」 。結果表明:在等面積原則下，異型柱代換矩形柱后，結構剛度增大，側向位移明顯減小，地震反應力略有增加，框架柱軸壓比最大增幅小於8 % ，結構整體抗震性能有所提高;當異型柱肢長肢厚比小於等於3 . 6時，結構有利於抗震;水平地震作用力與整體坐標夾角為0度時，結構地震作用效應較大，屬結構設計的控制因素之一;異型柱框一析架結構採用「人」字斜撐，側向剛度大於「八」字斜撐和「人一八」字混合斜撐;異型柱框一剪結構側向剛度大、位移小，構件內力增大適中，是一種抗震性能優越的結構體系:在抗震設防烈度較高地區（ 8度）和抗震不利的建築場地（ m類場地） ，採用異型柱結構體系時，應盡可能減輕結構自重，降低地震作用力;分別採用「振型分解反應譜」法和「時程分析」法進行地震作用計算，兩種方法所得結果基本一致。
  8. At the meantime, the rock mass may alternate between loading and unloading and it exists in certain kind of liquid, such as surface water, unconfined water, confined water etc for its intrinsic crannies. the practical rock mass concerned project must solve the key stability pr oblem after the understanding of the complicated mechanical characteristic and the deformation trends to guide the following project design and construction for the demand of security, economy, feasibility and validity. however, the intrinsic nonlinearness and complexity of the engineering rock mass become the main difficulty to predict the stability and deformation, the corresponding structure design must ensure enough safety with all the determinate or random force combination, so a model without the geometry distortion and constitutive equation warp is necessary to be built for the quantificational analysis of practical structure ' s stress, for the simulation of the real process and for the determinate evaluation system and optimization

    由於實際工程巖體其固有的非線性和復雜性，使得求解對應的諸如其穩定性、變形等問題面臨較大的困難，而有關的工程結構的設計必須保證該結構在外來因素的作用下具有足夠的安全度、經濟性和合理性，這必然要求對巖體及其工程結構的受力與變形有一套量化評判體系和優化技術，抓住實際工程問題的本質特徵並建立可行的符合幾何模擬、本構模擬、受力模擬、過程模擬四原則的求解模型，通過該模型的數值模擬成果來指導巖體工程的設計、施工及運營、管理；而巖體結構面的存在使得基於傳統連續介質力學理論的理論分析和數值模擬面臨巨大的挑戰，物理模擬的試驗周期和成本也大大增加，而巖土體工程問題則成為典型的數據有限、了解程度有限類問題，這類問題的解決需要綜合應用理論分析、經驗判斷、物理模擬和數值模擬等方法，數值模擬可以完成目前許多技術手段無法完成的實驗，如參數控制，復雜條件下的邊界條件的處理，同時數值模擬具有高可重復性，且數值模擬的成本和人力開銷等遠低於物理模擬，因此研究巖土體工程問題的流形元數值模擬方法是一項具有理論和實際工程應用價值的重要課題。
  9. At first, this thesis uses the asymmetric information theory to elucidate the significance of commercial bank ' s information disclosure, and then puts forward that information disclosure of china ' s commercial banks must satisfy the qualitative characteristics which include usefulness in decision making, comprehensive, relevance, reliability, comparability and consistency and must subject to considerations of two principles of costs and benefits and materiality. following this, this thesis attests that strengthening the supervision of commercial bank disclosure can improve the quality of disclosure by using the cost - benefit analysis and the game - theoretic modeling and analysis

    本論文首先運用不對稱信息理論闡明了商業銀行信息披露的重要意義，接著提出了我國商業銀行信息披露必須滿足決策有用性，全面性、相關性、可靠性、可比性和一致性等質量特徵並要考慮到成本效益和重要性兩個原則的限制，然後通過成本效益分析和博弈分析證明對商業銀行信息披露加強監管可以提高披露質量。
  10. Now there ' re more attentions upon development, mechanics performance, computation module, dynamic analytic method of dampers at home and abroad for research on the energy - dissipation structures with viscous damped bracings, but research on conceptual design principles and additional damping ratio ' s determination are less and only localized in terms of the principle which restrict the expansion and application of the energy - dissipation earthquake - reduction technique

    國內外對粘滯阻尼消能支撐結構的研究多側重於阻尼器的開發及其力學性能、計算模型、動力分析方法等方面，而對與實際工程應用直接相關的概念設計原則、附加阻尼比的確定等方面的研究則相對薄弱，一般僅限於原則性條款，這制約了消能減震技術的推廣應用。
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