foreign debt 中文意思是什麼
foreign debt
解釋
外債-
The system with the features of adjective law and substantive law is a new system that bank can use to safeguard debt effectively, and which bank must understand and master. therefore, it is the needs of the times that the system is established and improved in china financial law or banking law according to the successful foreign legislative experience
債權銀行應當熟悉、掌握代位權和撤銷權法律制度，有的放矢地在保障債權實現的過程中加以運用，隨著法制進程的推進和實踐經驗的積累，吸收和借鑒外國的成功立法經驗，在金融法領域確立和健全債權保全制度也是立法的時代呼喚。 -
That caribbean republic defaulted on its foreign debt of $32, 000, 000 after prolonged civil war.
那個加勒比地區共和國在長期內戰之後，未能償還它的三千二百萬美元外債。 -
Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。 -
The former mostly includes finance trench, which consists of urban maintenance and constructive tax, add - ons of public utility, urban land - using tax, the debt of local government, remise of urban state - own land - using right and special national debt capital, and so on ; administrative charge trench, which consists of apportion, raising the price of urban infrastructure products and services, and so on ; practicality investing trench, which mostly consists of corresponding capital for urban infrastructure provided by real estate exploiters ; other financing trenches, which consist of time - limiting remise of operating authority on urban infrastructure section, introducing into foreign capital, short term loan of civil financing institution, and so on. the latter includes the innovation on the main investors, which consist of the anticipation of civilian capital and other non - financing institutions, and the innovation on financing tools, which consist of project financing, investment funds on industry, municipal bonds and initial public offering, and so on
前者主要指以政府作為投資主體下的各種融資工具，包括財政稅收渠道（包括城市維護建設稅和公用事業附加、城鎮土地使用稅、地方政府債務、城市國有土地使用權有償出讓、國債專項資金等） ；行政收費渠道（包括攤派、提高基礎設施產品和服務的價格等） ；實物投資渠道（主要是讓房地產開發商為城市基礎設施提供配套資金） ；其它融資渠道（包括市政設施部門專營權有限期出讓、引進外資、國內金融機構的短期貸款等） ；後者則包括融資主體的創新（民間資本的參與以及其它非銀行金融機構的介入）和融資工具的創新（項目融資、產業投資基金、市政債券、股票上市等） 。 -
Korea was also helped by a restructuring of its short - term bank debt by foreign banks
而韓國則讓外國銀行出面，幫助它重組短期銀行債務。 -
Whatever strategy favoured, it seems inevitable that, when monetary conditions require sterilisation, the holding of government and central bank debt by commercial banks and their customers will increase along with the accumulation of foreign reserves
不論採取何種做法，當外匯儲備不斷累積，而央行按貨幣狀況決定要採取沖銷時，由商業銀行及銀行客戶持有的政府及央行債務將難免會增加。 -
The local bank debt - to - asset ratio is widespread and higher, which could not reach basel agreement ’ s provision on capitalization rate. entry into wto five years later, the local bank will face the overall competition in rmb realm with the foreign capital bank. “ internal revolt and outer invasion ” urges the banking system risk, the assets profitability ’ s descends will let the bank get close to a bankruptcy
國內銀行資產負債率普遍偏高，達不到巴賽爾協議的對資本充足率的相關規定，進入wto五年後又將面臨外資銀行在人民幣領域的全面競爭， 「內憂外患」促使銀行業系統風險的增強，資產營利能力的下降讓銀行步入瀕臨破產的邊緣。 -
The experience of the banking sector as a whole was however less favourable as branches and subsidiaries of foreign banks marked down the value of holdings of regional debt securities and increased their provisions against loans to regional borrowers
可是，整體銀行業形勢卻較遜色，原因是外資銀行分行及附屬公司均須為所持亞洲債券減記賬面價值，以及為亞洲區內貸款增撥準備金。 -
At last but not the least, integrating with china ' s reality the paper analyzes whether there are financial risks or not in economic structure, foreign debt management, foreign exchange system selection and foreign exchange level. in face of the changes from domestic and outside circumstances, we should carry out the reform steadily, strengthen financial regulation, prevent and defuse financial risks so as to provide better banking services for economic development and social stability
最後，結合中國國情，本文詳細分析我國在經濟結構、外債管理、匯率制度選擇和匯率水平安排方面是否存在金融風險隱患，以及針對我國國內國外經濟發展環境的改變，我國應如何進行改革調整，以便最大限度的抵禦風險、防範危機，使金融能夠更好的發揮其促進經濟發展、穩定社會秩序的作用。 -
E ) lack of foresight on finance lease scheme, which causes irrational tenor structure and imbalanced annual outflow of rental payments, results in funding costly. to solve aforesaid problems, thesis finds out the following principles for optimizing ca ' s aircraft finance : a ) determining the volume and currencies of ca ' s cross - border aircraft finance based on the annual outflow of foreign debt repayments and annual net inflow of foreign exchange, so are the dominated currencies in debt. b ) enlarging the portion of borrowings at floating interest rate in ca ' s whole foreign debt
針對以上存在主要問題，本文進一步提出了優化飛機融資的總體構想，包括：根據其每年的外匯流入總量及幣種構成確定國航合理的飛機境外融資規模應與負債幣種；在利率結構方面，擴大浮動利率在整個國航外債中的比重，選擇適當時機將部分固定利率貸款轉換為浮動利率貸款；在飛機引進多元化方面，通過與飛機製造廠商、出租公司飛機互換的方式優化機隊構成，結合提前中止現有飛機租賃就能夠起到優化債務結構和機隊構成的事半功倍的效果，以及在未來飛機融資中優先使用經營性租賃等。 -
Chinese and foreign scholars ' standard disparity on modern chinese foreign debt research
論中國朝野對新銀行團的回應 -
But the museum in the university of buenos aires economics department doesn t dwell only on this latest debt crisis : it goes back to argentina s first default in the early 1800s and gives a detailed account of the last 30 years when the country s foreign debt woes snowballed
這個位於布宜諾斯艾利斯大學經濟系的博物館並不只限於最近發生的那次債務危機，它還展示了發生在19世紀早期的阿根廷首次債務違約以及最近30年阿根廷外債瘋長的詳細記錄。 -
The non - linear goal programming for the optimization of the structure and scale of china s foreign debt sand its application
我國外債規模與結構最優控制的非線性目標規劃模型及應用 -
Similarly, mainland insurers have also been allowed to invest in foreign debt and money market instruments
與此同時，內地保險公司亦可投資于外國債務及貨幣市場工具。 -
We can easily find these changes in the following facets : higher degree of dependence upon foreign trade, large scale of international capital inflow, large amount of foreign debt and foreign exchange reserve, the convertibility of current accounts and the release of control on capital accounts, the opening of the financial markets etc. all these factors mentioned above have produced great impacts on the reliability of monetary policies
中國改革開放以來，與世界經濟接軌的腳步不斷加快，對外開放程度有了極大的飛躍，具體表現在:相當高的外貿依存度、大規模的資本流動、居世界前列的外匯儲備規模、人民幣經常項目的可兌換和資本項目管制的逐步放鬆以及金融市場開放進程的加快等等。 -
The group has consistently earned high credit ratings ; currently a from standard poor s and a1 from moody s, the latter on a par with the hong kong government s sovereign rating for foreign debt
集團續享有高信貸評級，目前獲標準普爾給予a級及穆迪投資評為a1級，後者的評級與香港政府外幣主權信貸評級等同。 -
Three years after staging the largest debt default in modern history, argentina recently opened what may be the first museum of foreign debt to teach people the perils of borrowing abroad
近日，阿根廷首個外債博物館正式對外開放.三年前，阿根廷爆發了現代史上最大的外債違約.而今天此舉旨在教育人們了解海外貸款的危險性 -
Foreign debt museum opens doors
亡羊補牢阿根廷開放外債博物館 -
The main impediment to development is the country ' s huge foreign debt
發展的主要障礙是國家欠下的巨額外債。 -
Article 24 the state shall implement a foreign debt registration system
第二十四條國家對外債實行登記制度。
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